Transcriptomic neuron types vary topographically in function and morphology
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Danio rerio
PROVIDER: GSE269232 | GEO | 2024/11/13
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:It is well-established that neurons in the adult mammalian central nervous system are terminally differentiated and, if injured, will be unable to regenerate their connections. In contrast to mammals, zebrafish and other teleosts display a robust neuroregenerative response. Following optic nerve crush (ONX), retinal ganglion cells (RGC) regrow their axons to synapse with topographically correct targets in the optic tectum, such that vision is restored in ~21 days. What accounts for these differences between teleostean and mammalian responses to neural injury is not fully understood. A time course analysis of global gene expression patterns in the zebrafish eye after optic nerve crush can help to elucidate cellular and molecular mechanisms that contribute to a successful neuroregeneration. We used microarrays to detail the global gene expression patterns underlying a successful regeneration or the optic nerve following injury. Experiment Overall Design: Microarray analysis was performed on total RNA extracted from whole eye following optic nerve crush (ONX) or sham surgery at defined intervals (4, 12, & 21 days).
2010-02-21 | E-GEOD-19298 | biostudies-arrayexpress
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2019-04-20 | GSE80497 | GEO
Project description:Calcium is involved in vision processes in retina and is implicated in various pathologies including glaucoma. Rods are protected against prolonged lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentrations by Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE). We showed zebrafish lacking SOCE calcium sensor Stim2 had problem with vision as indicated by behavior tests, staining of retina and downregulation of genes related to light perception. In this work we aimed to understand the mechanism responsible for the vision problems in stim2 zebrafish knockout. scRNA-sequencing of neuronal origin cells from brains of 5 dpf larvae identified 27 clusters. Differently expressed genes were detected in ten clusters including amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons and GABAergic optic tectum cells. In five clusters the proportion of cells in stim2 KO fish versus control was significantly decreased including GABAergic diencephalon and optic tectum, and was increased in amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons. Transmission Electron Microscopy in stim2 KO fish revealed decrease in width of inner plexiform layer (IPL), ganglion cells and their dendrites numbers what is characteristic for glaucoma. Analysis of cell density in the inner nucleus layer, which includes amacrine cells among others, showed a significant decrease in the number of GABAergic neurons.The area of cristae in photoreceptor mitochondria was statistically lower in stim2 KO than in control retinas.
2024-10-21 | GSE264310 | GEO
Project description:Calcium is involved in vision processes in retina and is implicated in various pathologies including glaucoma. Rods are protected against prolonged lowering of intracellular calcium ion concentrations by Store Operated Calcium Entry (SOCE). We showed zebrafish lacking SOCE calcium sensor Stim2 had problem with vision as indicated by behavior tests, staining of retina and downregulation of genes related to light perception. In this work we aimed to understand the mechanism responsible for the vision problems in stim2 zebrafish knockout. scRNA-sequencing of neuronal origin cells from brains of 5 dpf larvae identified 27 clusters. Differently expressed genes were detected in ten clusters including amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons and GABAergic optic tectum cells. In five clusters the proportion of cells in stim2 KO fish versus control was significantly decreased including GABAergic diencephalon and optic tectum, and was increased in amacrine and GABAergic retinal interneurons. Transmission Electron Microscopy in stim2 KO fish revealed decrease in width of inner plexiform layer (IPL), ganglion cells and their dendrites numbers what is characteristic for glaucoma. Analysis of cell density in the inner nucleus layer, which includes amacrine cells among others, showed a significant decrease in the number of GABAergic neurons. The area of cristae in photoreceptor mitochondria was statistically lower in stim2 KO than in control retinas.
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Project description:Transcriptomic neuron types vary topographically in function and morphology
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Project description:SLC13A5 encodes a citrate transporter highly expressed in the brain important for regulating intra- and extracellular citrate levels. Mutations in this gene cause a rare infantile epilepsy characterized by lifelong seizures, developmental delays, behavioral deficits, poor motor progression, and language impairments. SLC13A5 individuals respond poorly to treatment options; yet drug discovery programs are limited due to a paucity of animal models that phenocopy human symptoms. Here, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to create loss-of-function mutations in slc13a5a and slc13a5b, the zebrafish paralogs to human SLC13A5. slc13a5 mutant larvae showed cognitive dysfunction and sleep disturbances, consistent with SLC13A5 individuals. These mutants also exhibited fewer neurons and a concomitant increase in apoptosis across the optic tectum, a region important for sensory processing. slc13a5 mutants displayed hallmark features of epilepsy, including an imbalance in glutamatergic and GABAergic excitatory-inhibitory gene expression, disrupted neurometabolism, and neuronal hyperexcitation as measured in vivo by extracellular field recordings and live calcium imaging. Mechanistically, we tested the involvement of NMDA signaling in slc13a5 mutant epilepsy-like phenotypes. Slc13a5 protein co-localizes with excitatory NMDA receptors in wild-type zebrafish and blocking NMDA receptors in slc13a5 mutant larvae rescued bioenergetics, hyperexcitable calcium events, and behavioral defects. These data provide empirical evidence in support of the hypothesis that excess extracellular citrate over-chelates the ions needed to regulate NMDA receptor function, leading to sustained channel opening and an exaggerated excitatory response that manifests as seizures. These data show the utility of slc13a5 mutant zebrafish for studying SLC13A5 epilepsy and open new avenues for drug discovery.
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