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The antiviral nuclear body protein SP140 represses Ifnb1 transcript stabilization by the novel regulator RESIST

ABSTRACT: Negative regulation of the antiviral cytokine IFN-I is critical to prevent host pathology, but is not fully understood. The highly conserved but understudied epigenetic reader and nuclear body protein SP140 represses IFN-I by an unknown mechanism. We describe the mechanism by which SP140 negatively regulates IFN-I, and include CUT&RUN data in this dataset. We performed anti-HA CUT&RUN on SP140KO macrophages transduced with HA-tagged or untagged SP140. We found that SP140 represses the expression of a novel positive regulator of IFN-I previously annotated as an annexin II receptor, which we rename RESIST (REgulated Stimulator of IFN-I via Stabilization of Transcript). RESIST promotes IFN-I mRNA stability by binding the CCR4-NOT mRNA deadenylase complex and blocking recruitment of the TTP family of RNA-binding proteins, which negatively regulate IFN-I mRNA stability, to CCR4-NOT. Mechanistically, RESIST uses N and C-terminal alpha-helices respectively to either dock to the CCR4-NOT complex or block TTP family binding. We also find SP140 does not bind the Ifnb1 gene itself. Consistent with previous results, SP140 binds genes involved in embryonic development. Our work reveals a new regulator of IFN-I and a new mechanism regulating IFN-I mRNA stability.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE269315 | GEO | 2024/08/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The antiviral nuclear body protein SP140 represses Ifnb1 transcript stabilization by the novel regulator RESIST [ATAC-seq]

Project description:Negative regulation of the antiviral cytokine IFN-I is critical to prevent host pathology, but is not fully understood. The highly conserved but understudied epigenetic reader and nuclear body protein SP140 represses IFN-I by an unknown mechanism. We describe the mechanism by which SP140 negatively regulates IFN-I, and include ATAC-seq data of WT (B6) and SP140 KO BMMs untreated or treated with 100 ug/mL DMXAA for 8 hours in this dataset. We found that SP140 represses the expression of a novel positive regulator of IFN-I previously annotated as an annexin II receptor, which we rename RESIST (REgulated Stimulator of IFN-I via Stabilization of Transcript). RESIST promotes IFN-I mRNA stability by binding the CCR4-NOT mRNA deadenylase complex and blocking recruitment of the TTP family of RNA-binding proteins, which negatively regulate IFN-I mRNA stability, to CCR4-NOT. Mechanistically, RESIST uses N and C-terminal alpha-helices respectively to either dock to the CCR4-NOT complex or block TTP family binding. Our work reveals a new regulator of IFN-I and a new mechanism regulating IFN-I mRNA stability.

2024-08-28 | GSE269811 | GEO

The antiviral nuclear body protein SP140 represses Ifnb1 transcript stabilization by the novel regulator RESIST [WT and SP140 KO RNA-seq]

Project description:Negative regulation of the antiviral cytokine IFN-I is critical to prevent host pathology, but is not fully understood. The highly conserved but understudied epigenetic reader and nuclear body protein SP140 represses IFN-I by an unknown mechanism. We describe the mechanism by which SP140 negatively regulates IFN-I, and include RNA-seq data of WT (B6) and SP140 KO BMMs untreated or treated with 100 ug/mL DMXAA for 8 hours in this dataset. We found that SP140 represses the expression of a novel positive regulator of IFN-I previously annotated as an annexin II receptor, which we rename RESIST (REgulated Stimulator of IFN-I via Stabilization of Transcript). RESIST promotes IFN-I mRNA stability by binding the CCR4-NOT mRNA deadenylase complex and blocking recruitment of the TTP family of RNA-binding proteins, which negatively regulate IFN-I mRNA stability, to CCR4-NOT. Mechanistically, RESIST uses N and C-terminal alpha-helices respectively to either dock to the CCR4-NOT complex or block TTP family binding. Our work reveals a new regulator of IFN-I and a new mechanism regulating IFN-I mRNA stability.

2024-08-28 | GSE269808 | GEO

The antiviral nuclear body protein SP140 represses Ifnb1 transcript stabilization by the novel regulator RESIST [RNA-seq]

Project description:Negative regulation of the antiviral cytokine IFN-I is critical to prevent host pathology, but is not fully understood. The highly conserved but understudied epigenetic reader and nuclear body protein SP140 represses IFN-I by an unknown mechanism. We describe the mechanism by which SP140 negatively regulates IFN-I, and include RNA-seq of IFNAR KO and SP140 KO IFNAR KO BMMs untreated or treated with 10 ug/mL DMXAA for 4 hours in this dataset. We found that SP140 represses the expression of a novel positive regulator of IFN-I previously annotated as an annexin II receptor, which we rename RESIST (REgulated Stimulator of IFN-I via Stabilization of Transcript). RESIST promotes IFN-I mRNA stability by binding the CCR4-NOT mRNA deadenylase complex and blocking recruitment of the TTP family of RNA-binding proteins, which negatively regulate IFN-I mRNA stability, to CCR4-NOT. Mechanistically, RESIST uses N and C-terminal alpha-helices respectively to either dock to the CCR4-NOT complex or block TTP family binding. Our work reveals a new regulator of IFN-I and a new mechanism regulating IFN-I mRNA stability.

2024-08-28 | GSE269761 | GEO

Role of the transcriptional regulator SP140 in resistance to bacterial infection via repression of type I interferons

Project description:Type I interferons (IFNs) are essential for anti-viral immunity, but often impair protective immune responses during bacterial infections. An important question is how type I IFNs are strongly induced during viral infections, and yet are appropriately restrained during bacterial infections. The Super susceptibility to tuberculosis 1 (Sst1) locus in mice confers resistance to diverse bacterial infections. Here we provide evidence that Sp140 is a gene encoded within the Sst1 locus that represses type I IFN transcription during bacterial infections. We generated Sp140–/– mice and find they are susceptible to infection by Legionella pneumophila and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Susceptibility of Sp140–/– mice to bacterial infection was rescued by crosses to mice lacking the type I IFN receptor (Ifnar–/–). Our results implicate Sp140 as an important repressor of type I IFNs that is essential for resistance to bacterial infections.

2021-02-04 | GSE166114 | GEO

TTP-dependent mRNA decay in LPS-stimulated macrophages

Project description:Controlled decay of cytokine and chemokine mRNAs restrains the time and amplitude of inflammatory responses. Tristetraprolin (TTP) binds to AU-rich elements in 3´ untranslated regions of mRNA and targets the bound mRNA for degradation. We have addressed here the function of TTP in balancing the macrophage activation state by a comprehensive analysis of TTP-dependent mRNA decay in LPS-stimulated macrophages from WT and TTP-deficient mice. We compared mRNA stability in LPS-treated BMDMs from WT and TTP-/- mice by microarray-based measurement of the remnant mRNA after transcriptional blockade with actinomycin D (act D). To increase the sensitivity of the mRNA decay profiling we inhibited the LPS-activated p38 MAPK with the specific inhibitor SB203580 since p38 MAPK negatively regulates the mRNA-destabilizing activity of TTP. LPS stimulation was for 3h before addition of act D. RNA was harvested at 0', 45' and 90' thereafter.

2011-12-15 | E-GEOD-28880 | biostudies-arrayexpress

RIP-seq of livers in C57BL/6J mice with antibodies against Cnot3, Ago2, and BRF1

Project description:Shortening of polyadenosine (poly(A)) tails (deadenylation) is the initial step in the decay of most mRNAs. The CCR4-NOT complex is the major deadenylase in mammals. Interaction of Cnot1 with RNA binding proteins, including the miRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC), which includes Argonaute (Ago) and GW182 as core proteins, and the TTP family of AU-rich element (ARE)-binding proteins (TTP and BRF1/2), recruits the CCR4-NOT complex to the 3’-untranslated regions (3’-UTR) of mRNAs, leading to their degradation. This experiment aimed to determine the binding affinity of the CCR4-NOT complex, Ago2, and BRF1 with their target mRNAs in liver. Liver isolated from C57BL/6J wild-type mice at 8 weeks of age was solubilized in TNE buffer for 30 min at 4ºC. Lysate was incubated with antibodies against Cnot3, Ago2, and BRF1 for 1 hr at 4ºC, and then incubated with Dynabeads (Invitrogen) for 2 hr at 4ºC. mRNAs in immune complexes were isolated using Isogen II. 100 ng of total RNA was used for RNA-seq library preparation with TruSeq Stranded mRNA Library Prep Kit for NeoPrep. 150 base-pair pair-end read RNA-seq was performed with Hiseq 3000/4000 PE Cluster Kit and Hiseq 3000/4000 SBS Kit on Hiseq4000.

2020-03-30 | E-MTAB-6941 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TTP protects against acute liver failure by regulating CCL2 and CCL5 through m6A RNA methylation

Project description:Tristetraprolin (TTP), an important immunosuppressive protein regulating mRNA decay through recognizing the AU-rich elements (AREs) within the 3’UTRs of mRNAs, participates in the pathogenesis of liver diseases. However, whether TTP regulates mRNA stability through other mechanisms remains poorly understood. Here, we report that TTP is upregulated in acute liver failure (ALF), resulting in decreased mRNA stabilities of C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 2 (CCL2) and C-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 5 (CCL5) through promoting N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA methylation. Overexpression of TTP can markedly ameliorate hepatic injury in vivo. TTP regulates the mRNA stabilization of CCL2 and CCL5. Interestingly, increased m6A methylation in CCL2 and CCL5 mRNAs promotes TTP-mediated RNA destabilization. Moreover, induction of TTP upregulates expression levels of WT1 associated protein (WTAP), Methyltransferase like 14 (METTL14), and YTH N6-methyladenosine RNA binding protein 2 (YTHDF2), which encode enzymes regulating m6A methylation, resulting in a global increase of m6A methylation and amelioration of live injury due to enhanced degradation of CCL2 and CCL5. These findings suggest a novel mechanism by which TTP modulates mRNA stabilities of CCL2 and CCL5 through m6A RNA methylation, which is involved in the pathogenesis of ALF.

2021-11-08 | GSE157581 | GEO

TTP overexpression inhibits reconstitution potential of HSC but generates a dominant mitigating effect in collagen antibody-induced arthritis mice models

Project description:Tristetraprolin (TTP), encoded by Zfp36 in mice, is one of the best characterized tandem zinc-finger mRNA binding protein involved in mRNA deadenylation and decay. TTPΔARE mice lack an AU-rich motif in the 3’ untranslated regions of TTP mRNA leading to increased TTP mRNA stability and more TTP protein, resulting in elevated mRNA decay rates of TTP targets. We examined the effect of TTP overexpression on the hematopoietic system and found alterations in red blood cell and white blood cell frequencies, with loss of platelets and B220 cells and gains of eosinophils and T-cells. TTPΔARE mice also have skewed primitive populations in the bone marrow with increases in myeloid-biased HSCs, but loss of granulocyte/macrophage biased MPP3 in both young and mid-aged mice. These populations changes were associated with cell-specific transcriptional alterations, but surprisingly consistent upregulation of TNF and TGFB signaling pathways in both progenitor populations. HSCs with overexpression of TTP had decreased reconstitution potential but generate hematopoietic environments that mitigate the inflammatory response induced by collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model- even when TTP overexpressing cells are present at low frequencies. We present an overall analysis of elevated TTP expression in the early hematopoietic compartments which drives reduced overall reconstitution potential of the HSCs but leads to a dominant repression of inflammation induced in a rheumatoid arthritis model.

2023-12-28 | GSE226334 | GEO

eIF4A2 drives repression of translation at initiation by Ccr4-Not through purine-rich motifs in the 5’UTR.

Project description:Regulation of the mRNA life-cycle is central to gene expression control and determination of cell fate. miRNAs represent a critical mRNA regulatory mechanism, but despite decades of research, their mode of action is still not fully understood. Here we show eIF4A2 is a major effector of the repressive miRNA pathway functioning via the Ccr4-Not complex. We demonstrate that while DDX6 interacts with Ccr4-Not, its effects in the mechanism are not as pronounced. Through its interaction with the Ccr4-Not complex eIF4A2 represses mRNAs at translation initiation. We show evidence that native eIF4A2 has similar properties to chemically inhibited eIF4A1. We demonstrate that eIF4A2 exerts it repressive effect by binding purine-rich motifs which are enriched in the 5’UTR directly upstream of the AUG start codon. The data supports a model whereby purine motifs towards the 3’ end of the 5’UTR are associated with increased ribosome occupancy and possible uORF activation similar to that observed for mRNAs affected by inhibited eIF4A1.

2019-10-08 | PXD014764 | Pride

Immune-restricted epigenetic reader SP140 maintains macrophage identity and activation states critical to intestinal homeostasis [RNA-seq]

Project description:Introduction: SP140 is a bromodomain/plant homeo domain (PHD)-containing reader with immune-restricted expression, and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within SP140 associate with Crohn’s disease (CD). However, the function of SP140 and the consequences of disease-associated SP140 SNPs have remained unknown. Results: Individuals carrying CD-associated SNPs within SP140 had defective SP140 mRNA splicing, diminished SP140 protein, and severely suppressed innate immune signatures that stratified them from other CD patients. Conclusion: SP140 is a critical orchestrator of macrophage identity, and a loss of SP140 due to genetic variation contributes to a molecularly defined subset of CD characterized by suppressed innate immunity.

2017-05-03 | GSE83381 | GEO

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