Responses to ectoparasite salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) in spleen of Atlantic salmon
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Salmo salar
PROVIDER: GSE26984 | GEO | 2011/02/03
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA142031
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Gene expression profiling revealed rapid activation of immunity, both local and systemic, which however did not provide protection of fish against the parasite. Major changes of transcriptome responses wwere observed between days 5 and 10
2011-02-03 | GSE26981 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression profiling revealed rapid activation of immunity, both local and systemic, which however did not provide protection of fish against the parasite. Major changes of transcriptome responses wwere observed between days 5 and 10 Atlantic salmon was challenged with L. salmonis at the copepod stage. Skin, spleen, and head kidney were sampled from challenged and control fish at 1, 3, 5 dpi (corresponding to the copepod stage); 10 and 15 dpi (chalimus stage). A total of forty samples of spleen and skin form infected salmon (4 individuals from the 5 time points) were used for microarray analyses.. Test samples were labeled with Cy5 and hybridized to pooled control samples labeled with Cy3 from the same time-points. Competitive hybridization to the arrays was followed by washing, scanning, image analysis, and data analysis. Selected genes were analyzed with RT-qPCR.
2011-02-03 | E-GEOD-26984 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Gene expression profiling revealed rapid activation of immunity, both local and systemic, which however did not provide protection of fish against the parasite. Major changes of transcriptome responses wwere observed between days 5 and 10 Atlantic salmon was challenged with L. salmonis at the copepod stage. Skin, spleen, and head kidney were sampled from challenged and control fish at 1, 3, 5 dpi (corresponding to the copepod stage); 10 and 15 dpi (chalimus stage). A total of forty samples of spleen and skin form infected salmon (4 individuals from the 5 time points) were used for microarray analyses.. Test samples were labeled with Cy5 and hybridized to pooled control samples labeled with Cy3 from the same time-points. Competitive hybridization to the arrays was followed by washing, scanning, image analysis, and data analysis. Selected genes were analyzed with RT-qPCR.
2011-02-03 | E-GEOD-26981 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.
2011-02-03 | GSE27013 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE26981: Responses to ectoparasite salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) in skin of Atlantic salmon GSE26984: Responses to ectoparasite salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) in spleen of Atlantic salmon Refer to individual Series
2011-02-03 | E-GEOD-27013 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Little is known about glandular proteins secreted from the skin- and blood-feeding ectoparasite salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis). The labial gland has ducts extending into the oral cavity of the lice, and the present study aimed to identify novel genes expressed by this gland type and to investigate their role in modulation of host parameters at the lice feeding site. Five genes associated with labial gland function were identified and named Lepeophteirus salmonis labial gland protein (LsLGP) 1-4 and 1 like (LsLGP1L). All LsLGPs were predicted to be small charged secreted proteins not encoding any known protein domains. Functional studies revealed that LsLGP1 and/or LsLGP1L regulated the expression of other labial gland genes. Immune dampening functions were indicated for LsLGP2 and 3. Whereas LsLGP2 was expressed throughout the parasitic life cycle and found to dampen inflammatory cytokines, LsLGP3 displayed an increased expression in mobile stages and appeared to dampen adaptive immune responses. Expression of LsLGP4 coincided with moulting to the mobile pre-adult I stage where hematophagous feeding is initiated, and synthetic LsLGP4 decreased the clotting time of Atlantic salmon plasma. Results from the present study confirm that the salmon louse secretes immune modulating and anti-coagulative proteins with a potential application in new immune based anti-salmon louse treatments.
| S-EPMC9107468 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BACKGROUND: The salmon louse (SL) is an ectoparasitic caligid crustacean infecting salmonid fishes in the marine environment. SL represents one of the major challenges for farming of salmonids, and veterinary intervention is necessary to combat infection. This study addressed gene expression responses of Atlantic salmon infected with SL, which may account for its high susceptibility. RESULTS: The effects of SL infection on gene expression in Atlantic salmon were studied throughout the infection period from copepodids at 3 days post infection (dpi) to adult lice (33 dpi). Gene expression was analyzed at three developmental stages in damaged and intact skin, spleen, head kidney and liver, using real-time qPCR and a salmonid cDNA microarray (SFA2). Rapid detection of parasites was indicated by the up-regulation of immunoglobulins in the spleen and head kidney and IL-1 receptor type 1, CD4, beta-2-microglobulin, IL-12beta, CD8alpha and arginase 1 in the intact skin of infected fish. Most immune responses decreased at 22 dpi, however, a second activation was observed at 33 dpi. The observed pattern of gene expression in damaged skin suggested the development of inflammation with signs of Th2-like responses. Involvement of T cells in responses to SL was witnessed with up-regulation of CD4, CD8alpha and programmed death ligand 1. Signs of hyporesponsive immune cells were seen. Cellular stress was prevalent in damaged skin as seen by highly significant up-regulation of heat shock proteins, other chaperones and mitochondrial proteins. Induction of the major components of extracellular matrix, TGF-beta and IL-10 was observed only at the adult stage of SL. Taken together with up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), this classifies the wounds afflicted by SL as chronic. Overall, the gene expression changes suggest a combination of chronic stress, impaired healing and immunomodulation. Steady increase of MMP expression in all tissues except liver was a remarkable feature of SL infected fish. CONCLUSION: SL infection in Atlantic salmon is associated with a rapid induction of mixed inflammatory responses, followed by a period of hyporesponsiveness and delayed healing of injuries. Persistent infection may lead to compromised host immunity and tissue self-destruction.
| S-EPMC2582245 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Salmon lice have plagued the salmon farming industry and have negatively impacted salmon populations in the wild. In response, researchers have generated high density genetic maps, genome assemblies, transcriptomes, and whole-genome resequencing data to better understand this parasite. In this study, we used long-read sequencing technology to update the previous genome assemblies of Atlantic Ocean salmon lice with a more contiguous assembly and a more comprehensive gene catalog of Pacific Ocean salmon lice. We were also able to further characterize genomic features previously identified from other studies by using published resequenced genomes of 25 Atlantic and 15 Pacific salmon lice. One example was further characterizing the ZW sex chromosomes. For both the Atlantic and Pacific Ocean salmon lice subspecies, we found that the female W-chromosome is only a small fraction of the Z-chromosome and that the vast majority of the W and Z-chromosome do not contain conserved regions (i.e. pseudoautosomal regions). However, conserved orthologous protein sequences can still be identified between the W- and Z-chromosomes.
| S-EPMC9157166 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Chemical signals are a key element of host-parasite interactions. In marine ecosystems, obligate ectoparasites, such as sea lice, use chemical cues and other sensory signals to increase the probability of encountering a host and to identify appropriate hosts on which they depend to complete their life cycle. The chemical compounds that underlie host identification by the sea lice are not fully described or characterized. Here, we report a novel compound - the Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin-2 (Cath-2) - that acts as an activation cue for the marine parasitic copepod Lepeophtheirus salmonis. L. salmonis were exposed to 0, 7, 70 and 700 ppb of Cath-2 and neural activity, swimming behaviour and gene expression profiles of animals in response to the peptide were evaluated. The neurophysiological, behavioural and transcriptomic results were consistent: L. salmonis detects Cath-2 as a water-soluble peptide released from the skin of salmon, triggering chemosensory neural activity associated with altered swimming behaviour of copepodids exposed to the peptide, and chemosensory-related genes were up-regulated in copepodids exposed to the peptide. L. salmonis are activated by Cath-2, indicating a tight link between this peptide and the salmon louse chemosensory system.
| S-EPMC6137231 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The salmon louse, Lepeophtheirus salmonis, is an endemic ectoparasite on salmonid fish that is challenging for the salmon farming industry and wild fish. Salmon lice produce high numbers of offspring, necessitating sequestration of large amounts of lipids into growing oocytes as a major energy source for larvae, most probably mediated by lipoproteins. The microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP) is essential for the assembly of lipoproteins. Salmon lice have three L. salmonis MTP (LsMTP) transcript variants encoding two different protein isoforms, which are predicted to contain three ?-sheets (N, C, and A) and a central helical domain, similar to MTPs from other species. In adult females, the LsMTPs are differently transcribed in the sub-cuticular tissues, the intestine, the ovary, and in the mature eggs. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of LsMTP in mature females gave offspring with significantly fewer neutral lipids in their yolk and only 10-30% survival. The present study suggests the importance of LsMTP in reproduction and lipid metabolism in adult female L. salmonis, a possible metabolic bottleneck that could be exploited for the development of new anti-parasitic treatment methods.
| S-EPMC5538283 | biostudies-literature