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Behavioral abnormalities, cognitive impairments, synaptic deficits, and gene replacement therapy in a CRISPR engineered rat model of the Cri du Chat syndrome-associated 5p15.2 deletion

ABSTRACT: The Cri du Chat Syndrome (CdCS), an untreatable genetic disorder, arises from a deletion on chromosome 5p. It manifests in distinct features, including a cat-like cry, facial abnormalities, microcephaly, and severe psychomotor/mental retardation. Lack of accurate animal models hinders research. We created a rat model with a similar deletion on chromosome 2q22 using CRISPR-Cas9, replicating CdCS's genetic aberration. This model exhibits deficits in social behavior, cognition, and anxiety. Our innovative gene replacement using AAV-Ctnnd2 via intravenous injection during early development mitigates cognitive impairments but not sociability or anxiety in CdCS rats. This study paves the way for gene therapy to tackle CdCS challenges.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE273113 | GEO | 2025/04/11

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:IntroductionCri-du-chat syndrome is generally diagnosed when patients present a high-pitched cry at birth, microcephaly, ocular hypertelorism, and prominent nasal bridge. The karyotype is useful to confirm deletions in the short arm of chromosome 5 (5p-) greater than 10 Mb. In cases of smaller deletions, it is necessary to resort to other molecular techniques such as fluorescence in situ hybridization, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) or genomic array.Case presentationWe report a family with an atypical deletion in 5p (mother and 2 children) and variable phenotypes compared with the literature. We applied a P064 MLPA kit to evaluate 5p- in the mother and the 2 children, and we used the Infinium CytoSNP-850K BeadChip genomic array to evaluate the siblings, an 11-year-old boy and a 13-year-old girl, to better define the 5p breakpoints. Both children presented a high-pitched cry at birth, but they did not present any of the typical physical features of 5p- syndrome. The MLPA technique with 5 probes for the 5p region revealed that the patients and their mother presented an atypical deletion with only 4 probes deleted (TERT_ex2, TERT_ex13, CLPTM1L, and IRX4). The genomic array performed in the siblings' samples revealed a 6.2-Mb terminal deletion in 5p15.33p15.32, which was likely inherited from their mother, who presented similar molecular features, seen in MLPA.DiscussionThe sparing of the CTNND2 gene, which is associated with cerebral development, in both siblings may explain why these 2 patients had features such as better communication skills which most patients with larger 5p deletions usually do not present. In addition, both patients had smaller deletions than those found in patients with a typical 5p- phenotype. This report demonstrates the utility of genomic arrays as a diagnostic tool to better characterize atypical deletions in known syndromes such as 5p- syndrome, which will allow a better understanding of the genotype-phenotype correlations.

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Behavioral abnormalities, cognitive impairments, synaptic deficits, and gene replacement therapy in a CRISPR engineered rat model of the Cri du Chat syndrome-associated 5p15.2 deletion

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