Microgravity effect on C. elegans N2/VC (CERISE, 8days)
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ABSTRACT: Microgravity effect on C. elegans gene expression was analysed by whole genome microarray. The worms were cultivated under microgravity for 8days in the Japanese Module of the International Space Station.
Project description:Microgravity effect on C. elegans gene expression was analysed by whole genome microarray. The worms were cultivated under microgravity for 4 days in the Japanese Module of the International Space Station.
Project description:Microgravity effect on C. elegans gene expression was analysed by whole genome microarray. The worms were cultivated under microgravity for 8days in the Japanese Module of the International Space Station. The samples of this study were divided three experimental groups: 1. microgravity for 8days 2. artificial 1G control for 8days on orbit 3. ground 1G control for 8days This study was repeated with three biological and two technical replicates.
Project description:Microgravity has been shown to lead to both muscle atrophy and impaired muscle regeneration. The purpose was to study the efficacy of microgravity to model impaired muscle regeneration in an engineered muscle platform and then to demonstrate the feasibility of performing drug screening in this model. Engineered human muscle was launched to the International Space Station National Laboratories, where the effect of microgravity exposure for 7 days was examined by transcriptomics.
Project description:Previously, we reported upregulation of cardiac proliferation in cardiac progenitors derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CPCs) that were exposed to space microgravity for 3 days. The overall objective of this investigation was to understand how long-term exposure to microgravity affects the expansion and differentiation of hiPSC-CPCs. Cryopreserved cardiomyocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) were exposed to space microgravity for 3 weeks in the International Space Station (ISS) and retrieved for transcriptomic profiling. RNA-seq analysis and gene ontology analysis revealed upregulation of cardiac tissue function and morphological terms while downregulating inflammation and ECM regulation terms. Upregulation of genes associated with cell cycle regulation and proliferation were notable as well. Combined with previous work, these results suggest that space microgravity improved cardiac differentiation and structure formation and potentially, proliferation.
Project description:Larvae-Pupae transition flies (Drosophila) were recovered and transport for 3 days at 12-14ºC to arrest development until the launch site, then exposed to RT (18-20ºC) for some hours including the launch and trip to the International Space Station, then pupae were exposed to microgravity in the ISS for 4 days and a half at 22ºC. Finally pupae were fixed on acetone and frozen until recovery on Earth.<br><br><br><br>Four groups of samples: 1 ISS (+ground control) as described, 2 RPM (microgravity simulator on Earth) as described, 3 RPM without constrains (No MAMBA container and only 5 days exposure without cold transport) and 4 centrifuge 10g without constrains control..
Project description:Efficient generation of functional cardiomyocytes from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC-CMs) is critical for their use in regenerative medicine and other applications. In this study, we evaluated the effect of space microgravity (µg) on the differentiation of hiPSC-derived cardiac progenitors compared with parallel 1g condition on the International Space Station. Cryopreserved 3D cardiac progenitors derived from hiPSCs were cultured for 3 weeks. Compared with 1g culture, the µg culture had larger sphere sizes, increased expression of proliferation markers, higher counts of nuclei, and higher cell viability. Highly enriched cardiomyocytes generated in µg had appropriate gene expression and cardiac structure as well as improved function including contractility and Ca2+ handling. RNA-seq analysis of 3-day cultures revealed that short-term exposure of cardiac progenitor spheres to space microgravity upregulated genes involved in cell proliferation, cardiac differentiation, and contraction. These results indicate that space microgravity increased survival and proliferation of hiPSC-CMs and improved their structures and functions.
Project description:Space radiations and microgravity both could cause DNA damage in cells, but the effects of microgravity on DNA damage response to space radiations are still controversial. A mRNA microarray and microRNA microarray in dauer larvae of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) that endured spaceflight environment and space radiations environment during 16.5-day Shenzhou-8 space mission were performed. The analyzation this study are further described in Gao, Y., Xu, D., Zhao, L., Zhang, M. and Sun, Y. (2015) Effects of microgravity on DNA damage response in Caenorhabditis elegans during Shenzhou-8 spaceflight. International journal of radiation biology, 91, 531-539.
Project description:Space radiations and microgravity both could cause DNA damage in cells, but the effects of microgravity on DNA damage response to space radiations are still controversial. A mRNA microarray and microRNA microarray in dauer larvae of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) that endured spaceflight environment and space radiations environment during 16.5-day Shenzhou-8 space mission were performed. The analyzation this study are further described in Gao, Y., Xu, D., Zhao, L., Zhang, M. and Sun, Y. (2015) Effects of microgravity on DNA damage response in Caenorhabditis elegans during Shenzhou-8 spaceflight. International journal of radiation biology, 91, 531-539.
Project description:Space radiations and microgravity both could cause DNA damage in cells, but the effects of microgravity on DNA damage response to space radiations are still controversial.A mRNA microarray and microRNA microarray in dauer larvae of Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) that endured spaceflight environment and space radiations environment during 16.5-day Shenzhou-8 space mission was performed. The analyzation this study are further described in Gao, Y., Xu, D., Zhao, L., Zhang, M. and Sun, Y. (2015) Effects of microgravity on DNA damage response in Caenorhabditis elegans during Shenzhou-8 spaceflight. International journal of radiation biology, 91, 531-539.
Project description:Microgravity is associated with immunological dysfunction, though the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, using single cell analysis of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)s exposed to short term (25 hours) simulated microgravity, we characterize altered genes and pathways across immune cells under basal and stimulated states with a Toll like Receptor-7/8 agonist. At basal state, simulated microgravity altered the transcriptional landscape across immune cells, with monocyte subsets showing most pathway changes. Remarkably, short term simulated microgravity was sufficient to increase endogenous retroviral and mycobacterial transcripts. Under stimulation in simulated microgravity, nearly all immune cells demonstrated differences in functional pathways. Results from single cell analysis were validated against additional PBMC samples, including by RNA sequencing and super-resolution microscopy, and against data from the Inspiration-4 (i4) mission, JAXA6 mission, Twins study, and spleens from mice housed on the international space station. Combined results show significant impacts of microgravity on pathways essential for optimal immunity, including the cytoskeleton, interferon signaling, pyroptosis, temperature-shock, nuclear receptors, IL-6 signaling, HIF1α, and sirtuin signaling. Using machine learning, we identified numerous compounds linking microgravity to immune cell transcription, and demonstrate that the flavonol, quercetin, can reverse most abnormal pathways. These results offer insight into maladaptation of the immune system in microgravity, and provide opportunities to develop countermeasures that maintain normal immunity in space.