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Differentially expressed genes between WT and AtC3H3 OX, and WT and AtC3H26 OX

ABSTRACT: Salinity is a pressing issue causing widespread crop loss, prompting plants to adapt through changes in gene expression. This study investigated the role of the non-tandem CCCH zinc finger protein gene AtC3H3 in Arabidopsis in response to salt stress. AtC3H3, a gene from the non-TZF gene family and known for its RNA-binding and ribonuclease activity, was found to be upregulated under osmotic stresses such as high salt and drought. When overexpressed in Arabidopsis, AtC3H3 led to increased tolerance to salt stress, not drought stress. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression of both well-known ABA-dependent salt stress-responsive genes, such as RAB18, RD29B, and RD22, and representative ABA-independent salt stress-responsive genes, such as DREB2A and DREB2B, was significantly higher in AtC3H3 OXs than WT under NaCl treatment, indicating its involvement in both ABA-dependent and ABA-independent signaling pathways. mRNA-Seq analysis using NaCl-treated WT and AtC3H3 OXs revealed no potential target mRNAs of the RNase function of AtC3H3, suggesting that the potential targets of AtC3H3 might be non-coding RNAs, not mRNAs. The study conclusively demonstrates that AtC3H3 plays a crucial role in salt stress tolerance by influencing the expression of salt stress-responsive genes. These findings have opened a new avenue for understanding plant stress mechanisms and suggest potential strategies for enhancing crop resilience to salinity.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis

PROVIDER: GSE275862 | GEO | 2024/10/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Arabidopsis ecotypes of Sha and Ler showed differences in tolerance to salinity stress. A previous study indicated that a premature stop codon resulting in a truncated Response to ABA and Salt 1 (RAS1) protein in Sha contributes to the increased salt tolerance relative to Ler ecotype. Sha exhibited higher germination rates and longer roots on MS plate, presumably due to the decreased ABA sensitivity in Sha. More Sha plants also survived in soil after salt treatment with relatively lower electrolyte leakage when compared to Ler. Transcriptome analysis revealed that expression levels of many genes were changed between Sha and Ler ecotypes and by salt treatments. About 500 transcripts were commonly changed by at least one salinity effect and one ecotype effect, and 171 of them were co-regulated by all four comparisons. Transcripts involved in redox, secondary metabolism, auxin metabolism, photosynthesis, cell wall, and protein synthesis were mainly down-regulated by salinity effects, while transposable element genes, microRNA and antisense sequences, histone superfamily genes, and biotic stress related genes were significantly changed by Sha ecotype effects and only slightly by salinity. Several metabolic pathways such as stress, TCA, hormone/lipid/secondary metabolism, redox, development, and GO terms involved in stress, oxidation, and defense response were enriched by both salinity and ecotype effects. Ninety-five highly inducible genes were identified as candidates of RAS1 target genes and the functions involved hormone metabolism, biotic stress, RNA, DNA synthesis, protein metabolism, cell, and microRNA metabolism. All these results indicated that the Sha ecotype was possibly preconditioned to abiotic stress relative to Ler through regulation of signaling pathways and stress responsive gene expression. These comparative transcriptomic and analytical results also confirm the complexity of ABA responses and salt stress tolerance mechanisms, and they suggest additional targets for improving tolerance. Ten days old seedlings of two Arabidopsis ecotypes, Sha and Ler, were treated with 100 mM NaCl on MS plate. Plant materials were collected for RNA extraction at 4th days after treatments.

Project description:Transgenic Arabidopsis plants with constitutively low inositol (1,4,5) triphosphate exhibit an increased tolerance to water stress by an ABA-independent pathway; The phosphoinositide pathway and inositol (1,4,5) trisphopsphate (InsP3) are implicated in plant responses to stress. In order to manipulate the pathway and determine the downstream consequences of altered InsP3-mediated signaling, we generated transgenic Arabidopsis plants expressing the mammalian type I inositol polyphosphate 5-phosphatase, an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes the soluble inositol phosphates and terminates the signal. Transgenic plants have no morphological differences compared to wild type; however, rapid transient Ca2+ responses to a cold or salt stimulus are reduced by ~ 30%. To further understand the role of InsP3-mediated signaling in plant stress responses we focused on drought stress. Surprisingly, the InsP 5-ptase plants lose less water and exhibited an increased tolerance to drought. Stomatal bioassays showed that transgenic guard cells are less responsive to the inhibition of opening by ABA but show an increased sensitivity to ABA-induced closure. The onset of the drought stress is delayed in the transgenic plants and ABA levels did not increase as much as in the wild type. Transcript profiling has revealed that DREB2A and a subset of DREB2A regulated genes are basally up regulated in the InsP 5-ptase plants. These results indicate that the drought tolerance of the InsP 5-ptase plants is mediated in part via an ABA-independent pathway. The constitutive dampening of the InsP3 signal in this system has uncovered novel regulation and cross talk between signaling pathways. Experiment Overall Design: In order to compare global expression profiles between wild type and transgenic plants in response to water stress we harvested leaves for transcript profiling at day 0 (well watered) and at day 7 when the transgenic plants were still at an RWC of >85% and the wild type and vector control plants were at an RWC of ~ 50 -60% . Leaves were harvested and pooled from ~ 10 plants of each line/time point and three independent biological replicates were carried out with wild type (WT) and 2 independent transgenic lines (T6 and T8). The vector control line (C2) was used as an additional control.

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Differentially expressed genes between WT and AtC3H3 OX, and WT and AtC3H26 OX

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