Expression data from mouse meningies - home cage (HC) and chronic social defeat (SD) stress mice
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE275966 | GEO | 2024/08/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:sychological stress and affective disorders are clinically associated with hypertension and vascular disease, but the biological links between the conditions have not been fully explored. To examine this relationship, we used chronic social defeat (CSD) stress, which produces anxiety-like and depressive-like behavioral declines in susceptible mice. In such mice, CSD also produces cerebrovascular microbleeds in scattered locations. Here, we showed further evidence of vascular pathology and blood–brain barrier breakdown by visualizing plasma immunoglobulins and erythrocytes within the parenchyma and perivascular spaces of CSD brains. To further characterize the impact of stress on the cerebrovasculature, brain endothelial cells (bECs) were isolated, and global gene expression profiles were generated. Bioinformatic analysis of CSD-induced transcriptional changes in bECs showed enrichment in pathways that delineate the vascular response to injury. These pathways followed a temporal sequence of inflammation, oxidative stress, growth factor signaling, and wound healing (i.e., platelet aggregation, hemostasis, fibrinogen deposition, and angiogenesis). Immunohistochemical staining for markers of fibrinogen deposition and angiogenesis confirmed the existence of the markers at the sites of vascular disruptions. Recovery after CSD cessation was marked by recruitment of leukocytes perhaps participating in vascular repair. The data suggest that co-morbidity of affective disorders and vascular diseases may be attributed in part to a common link in altered endothelial cell function
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Project description:The meninges are a multilayered structure composed of fibroblasts, blood and lymphatic vessels, and immune cells. Meningeal fibroblasts secrete a variety of factors that control CNS development, yet strikingly little is known about their heterogeneity or development. Using single cell sequencing, we report distinct transcriptional signatures for fibroblasts in the embryonic dura, arachnoid and pial. We define new markers for meningeal layers and show conservation in human meninges. We find that embryonic meningeal fibroblasts are transcriptionally distinct between brain regions and identify a regionally localized pial sub-population marked by expression of µ-Crystallin. Developmental analysis reveals a progressive, ventral to dorsal maturation of telencephalic meninges. Our studies present an unprecedented view of meningeal fibroblasts, providing a molecular profile of embryonic meningeal fibroblasts by layer that yield insights into mechanisms of meninges development and function.
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Project description:Analysis of the gene expression profiles of naïve B cells, resting memory B cells (MBCs), activated B cells (ABCs) and antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) isolated from peripheral blood one week following influenza vaccination. Upon antigen exposure B cells eventually bifurcate into two distinct lineages, plasmablasts and memory B cells. We previously reported that plasmablasts or antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) could be transiently detected in blood shortly after infection or vaccination of humans. Here, we define the phenotype and the transcriptional program of a novel human antigen-specific B cell subset, referred to as activated B cells (ABCs). ABCs do not spontaneously secrete antibodies and possess a unique transcriptional profile that distinguishes them from ASCs and resting memory B cells. Clonal lineages present among day 7 ABCs persisted in blood for up to three months post-influenza immunization indicating that ABCs may be destined to join the long-term memory B cell pool. ABCs and ASCs can be clearly distinguished in blood following influenza and Ebola virus infections. Interrogating ABCs will expand our understanding of the differentiation, maturation and longevity of human B cell responses. Total RNA was isolated from 10,000 cells of each population.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:One way of measuring the quality of home care are quality indicators (QIs) derived from data collected with the Resident Assessment Instrument-Home Care (RAI-HC). In order to produce meaningful results for quality improvement and quality comparisons across home care organizations (HCOs) and over time, RAI-HC QIs must be valid and reliable. The aim of this systematic review was to identify currently existing RAI-HC QIs and to summarize the scientific knowledge on the validity and reliability of these QIs. METHODS:A systematic review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library. Studies describing the development process or the psychometric characteristics of RAI-HC QIs were eligible. The data extraction involved a general description of the included studies as well as the identified RAI-HC QIs and information on validity and reliability. The methodological quality of the identified RAI-HC QI sets was assessed using the Appraisal of Indicators through Research and Evaluation (AIRE) instrument. RESULTS:Four studies out of 659 initial hits met the inclusion criteria. The included studies described the development and validation process of three RAI-HC QI sets comprising 48 unique RAI-HC QIs, which predominantly refer to outcome of care. Overall, the validity and reliability of the identified RAI-HC QIs were not sufficiently tested. The methodological quality of the three identified RAI-HC QI sets varied across the four AIRE instrument domains. None of the QI sets reached high methodological quality, defined as scores of 50% and higher in all four AIRE instrument domains. CONCLUSIONS:This is the first review that systematically summarized and appraised the available scientific evidence on the validity and reliability of RAI-HC QIs. It identified insufficient reporting of RAI-HC QIs validation processes and reliability as well as missing state-of-the-art methodologies. The review provides guidance as to what additional validity and reliability testing are needed to strengthen the scientific soundness of RAI-HC QIs. Considering that RAI-HC QIs are already implemented and used to measure and compare quality of home care, further investigations on RAI-HC QIs reliability and validity is recommended.
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