Nanopore Sequencing as a Cutting-Edge Technology for Medulloblastoma Classification
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE280038 | GEO | 2024/11/16
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Medulloblastoma (MB) is a rare disease in adults. In this study we elucidated the genetic landscape and prognostic impact of genetic aberrations in a cohort of 117 adult medulloblastomas. Histological features and pathway activation were evaluated on the protein level; 14.5% showed WNT activation, 63.3% SHH activation and 22.2% were annotated to non-WNT/non-SHH-MB. Genome-wide copy number analysis was performed by molecular inversion probe array technology. MB-related genes were sequenced in WNT- and SHH-activated MBs. 79.7% of SHH-MBs showed desmoplastic/nodular, all other MBs classic histology. WNT-MBs carried oncogenic CTNNB1 mutations in 88.2% and had monosomy 6 in 52.9%. In SHH-MBs, TERT promoter mutations occurred in 97%, mutations in PTCH1 in 38.2%, SMO in 15.5%, SUFU in 7.4%, and TP53-mutations in 4.1%. 84.6% of non-WNT/non-SHH-MBs had an isochromosome 17q. A whole chromosomal aberration (WCA) signature was present in 45.1% of SHH-TP53wt-MBs and 65.4% of non-WNT/non-SHH-MBs. In 98 cases with survival data, WNT-MBs had a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 68.6%. SHH-MBs TP53-wild-type and non-WNT/non-SHH-MBs showed 5-year OS of 80.4% and 70.8%, respectively. TP53-mutant SHH-MBs represented a prognostically unfavorable entity; all patients died within 5 years. Patients with a WCA signature showed significantly increased OS (p-=-0.011 for SHH-TP53wt-MBs, p-=-0.048 for non-WNT/non-SHH-MBs).
2021-02-24 | GSE167347 | GEO
Project description:Deregulations in fundamental signaling pathways are key events in pathogenesis of cancer. One intriguing illustration that still holds blind spots is the pediatric brain tumor arising from the developing cerebellum: medulloblastoma (MB). Extensive high-throughput sequencing led to the characterization of four MB subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3 and Group 4) delineated with distinct molecular signatures and clinical outcomes. However, up-to-date these analyses have not attained the global comprehension of their dynamic network complexity. Wishing to uncover a comprehensive view of all MB subgroups we employed a proteomic analysis to integrate accurate protein expression and activity that should ultimately give rise to a realistic picture of how MB cancer cells are regulated. In this study we present the first analysis regrouping methylation status, whole-transcriptome sequencing and quantitative proteomics (proteome and phosphoproteome) using a super SILAC / spiked in strategy across 38 flash frozen primary human MBs (5 WNT, 10 SHH, 10 Group 3 and 13 Group 4). First, our data pinpointed that proteomic analysis could reveal MB subgroup identity. Second, analysis of proteome and phosphoproteome highlighted disregulated signaling pathways that have not been predicted by transcriptomic analysis. Altogether, combined multi-scale analyses of MB have allowed us to identify unrevealed pathways involved in human MB genesis and progression.
2020-07-23 | PXD006607 | Pride
Project description:Zebrafish SHH MB tumors were generated by CRISPR-Cas9-mediated mutation of ptch1 in the context of tp53 heterozygous and tp53 mutant animals. Gene expression of the entire brain for ptch1 crispant animals and tp53 mutant control animals was analyzed by RNA-seq.
2024-07-09 | GSE242897 | GEO
Project description:Genomic rearrangements typically occur progressively during tumor development. Recent findings, however, suggest an alternative mechanism, involving chromosome shattering and reshuffling ('chromothripsis'), for which no genetic basis has yet been described. Whole-genome sequencing of a Sonic-Hedgehog medulloblastoma (SHH-MB) brain tumor from a patient with a germline TP53 mutation (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) revealed massive, complex rearrangements resulting from chromothripsis. Integrating TP53 status with genomic rearrangement data in additional medulloblastomas revealed a striking association between TP53 mutation and chromothripsis in SHH-MBs. Unexpectedly, five seemingly sporadic SHH-MB patients with chromothripsis harbored TP53 germline mutations – findings relevant for clinical management. Analysis of additional tumor entities substantiated a link between TP53 mutation and chromothripsis, beyond general genomic instability. Among these, we observed a strong association between somatic TP53 mutations and chromothripsis in acute myeloid leukemia. These findings implicate p53 in the initiation of, or cellular reaction to, chromothripsis – a novel role for the 'guardian of the genome'.
2012-01-20 | GSE34258 | GEO
Project description:Intraocular medulloepithelioma (IO-MEPL) is a rare embryonal ocular neoplasm, prevalently occurring in children. IO-MEPL share histomorphological features with CNS embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMR), referred to as intracranial medulloepitheliomas. While Sonic hedgehog (SHH) and WNT signaling pathways are crucial for ETMR pathogenesis, the impact of these pathways on human IO-MEPL development is unclear. Gene expression analyses of human embryonal tumor samples revealed similar gene expression patterns and significant overrepresentation of SHH and WNT target genes in both IO-MEPL and ETMR. In order to unravel the function of Shh and Wnt signaling for IO-MEPL pathogenesis in vivo, both pathways were activated in retinal precursor cells in a time point specific manner. Shh and Wnt co-activation in early Sox2- or Rax- expressing precursor cells resulted in infiltrative ocular lesions that displayed extraretinal expansion. Histomorphological, immunohistochemical and molecular features showed a strong concordance with human IO-MEPL. We demonstrate a relevant role of WNT and SHH signaling in IO-MEPL and report the first mouse model to generate tumor-like lesions with features of IO-MEPL. The presented data may be fundamental for comprehending IO-MEPL initiation and developing targeted therapeutic approaches.
2022-02-15 | PXD028697 | Pride
Project description:Background: Since 2016, a project for molecular diagnosis of childhood medulloblastoma (MB) was initiated in Taiwan. We aimed to integrate molecular classification, molecular and clinical risk factors, somatic mutations, and phenotypic traits for up to date adaptive care. Method: Fifty-two MBs in children with frozen tumor tissue were assembled. Clinical data were retrieved. RNA-Seq and DNA methylation array data were generated. Molecular subgrouping and molecular-clinical correlation were performed. Subgroup-based risk stratification included an adjusted Heidelberg risk stratification scheme were defined and evaluated. We selected 51 genes for somatic variant calling using RNA-Seq. Relevant phenotypic traits were defined for the linkage of genetic predisposition. Results: Four core molecular subgroups (WNT, SHH, Group 3, and Group 4) were identified. Genetic backgrounds of metastasis at diagnosis and extent of tumor resection were observed. The overall survivals of the adjusted Heidelberg scheme matched with the definition of each risk subgroups. Somatic mutations in DNA damage response were detected. Five patients with SHH MB presented potential genetic predisposition and three patients had related germline mutations. Conclusion: The findings of this study provide valuable information for adaptive risk stratified treatment and personalized care of childhood MBs in our cohort series and in Taiwan.
2022-05-18 | GSE143940 | GEO
Project description:Genomic rearrangements typically occur progressively during tumor development. Recent findings, however, suggest an alternative mechanism, involving chromosome shattering and reshuffling ('chromothripsis'), for which no genetic basis has yet been described. Whole-genome sequencing of a Sonic-Hedgehog medulloblastoma (SHH-MB) brain tumor from a patient with a germline TP53 mutation (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) revealed massive, complex rearrangements resulting from chromothripsis. Integrating TP53 status with genomic rearrangement data in additional medulloblastomas revealed a striking association between TP53 mutation and chromothripsis in SHH-MBs. Unexpectedly, five seemingly sporadic SHH-MB patients with chromothripsis harbored TP53 germline mutations – findings relevant for clinical management. Analysis of additional tumor entities substantiated a link between TP53 mutation and chromothripsis, beyond general genomic instability. Among these, we observed a strong association between somatic TP53 mutations and chromothripsis in acute myeloid leukemia. These findings implicate p53 in the initiation of, or cellular reaction to, chromothripsis – a novel role for the 'guardian of the genome'. The DNA copy-number profiles of 11 primary medulloblastoma samples were analyzed on the Affymetrix Mapping250K Nsp array, together with data from 70 primary samples taken from GSE21140. Data from diploid reference samples were taken from GSE9222. Additionally, DNA copy-number profiles for 19 additional medulloblastoma samples were generated on the Affymetrix SNP6 platform with matched blood samples.
2012-01-20 | E-GEOD-34258 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most prevalent pediatric cerebral cancer, but is rare in adults. The vast majority of MB arises sporadically but some few cases occur in association with germline alterations in genes such as PTCH1, SUFU, APC, and TP53. Additional genes are responsible for MB predisposition including some that have probably not been described so far either due to the rarity of the cases and/or to the low penetrance. Here we report the case of a 27 years old woman affected by Pitt Hopkins syndrome due to a heterozygous germline pathogenic variant in TCF4 who has developed a Sonic Hedgehog (SHH)-driven MB. Somatic loss of function variants of TCF4 have been identified in SHH MB especially among adults and this case raises the question of a predisposition to late-onset SHH MB associated with TCF4 germline alteration.
2019-02-14 | GSE126545 | GEO
Project description:Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant brain tumor occurring in childhood and rarely found in adult. Based on transcriptome profile MB are currently classified into four major molecular groups reflecting a considerable biological heterogeneity: WNT-activated, SHH-activated, group 3 and group 4. Recently, DNA methylation profiling allowed the identification of additional subgroups within the four major molecular groups associated with different clinic-pathological and molecular features. Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1) mutations have been described in several tumours, including gliomas, while in MB are exceptionally reported and not routinely investigated. By mean of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) we unequivocally assessed the presence the oncometabolite D-2-Hydroxyglutarate (2HG), a marker of IDH1 and IDH2 mutation, in a case of adult MB. Immunophenotypical work-up and methylation profiling assigned the diagnosis of MB, subclass SHH-A, and molecular testing revealed the presence of the non-canonical somatic IDH1(p.R132C) mutation and an additional GNAS mutation, also exceptionally described in MB. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of MB harboring both mutations together. Of note, tumour exhibited a heterogeneous phenotype with a tumour component displaying glial differentiation, with robust GFAP expression, and a component with conventional MB features and selective presence of GNAS mutation, suggesting coexistence of two different major tumour clones. These findings draw attention to the need of a deeper genetic characterization of MB in order to get insights into their biology and improve stratification and clinical management of the patients. Moreover, reported data underling the importance of performing MRS for the identification of IDH mutations in non-glial tumours. The use of throughput molecular profiling analysis and advanced medical imaging technology will certainly increase the frequency with which rare tumour entities will be identified. Whether they have any particular therapeutic implications or prognostic relevance requires further investigations.
2023-04-25 | GSE225302 | GEO
Project description:Medulloblastoma (MB), the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, is defined by four molecular subgroups (Wnt, Shh, Group 3, Group 4) based on transcriptional and epigenetic profiles. Wnt MB accounts for 10% of cases with the majority harboring somatic CTNNB1 mutations and chromosomal alterations for monosomy 6. Clinically, Wnt MBs have the most favorable prognosis with a >95% 5-year survivorship. By contrast, non-Wnt MBs are characterized by metastatic disease, increased rates of recurrence, and intermediate-poor overall survivorship. Given that Wnt MBs represent the only subgroup in which metastasis is not indicative of a poor prognosis, it has been suggested that Wnt signaling may contribute to their remarkable response to therapy. Using primary patient-derived MB brain tumor-initiating cell (BTIC) lines, we have characterized intrinsic differences in the tumor-initiating capacity of Wnt and non-Wnt MBs. In this work, we aimed to discover if Wnt activation in non-Wnt MBs could serve as a rationale for therapy employing a novel substrate-competitive peptide Wnt agonist. Our preclinical work establishes activated Wnt signaling as an innovative treatment paradigm with high clinical utility in childhood MB and provides evidence for the context-specific tumor suppressive function of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
2020-06-27 | GSE131473 | GEO