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Analysis of transcriptome and metabolome characteristics of blood in yaks at different reproductive stages

ABSTRACT: The reproductive physiology of yaks differs significantly from that of other cattle breeds due to late sexual maturity, low fecundity and short oestrus time. How to improve the reproductive efficiency of yaks has become the main research content and goal of yak reproduction technology. In this study, we collected blood samples from adult female yaks (4-8 years old) during different reproductive periods, including the period of anestrus (Y-A), estrus (Y-E) and pregnancy (Y-P), and investigated the changes of RNA expression and steroid hormone levels in yaks during different reproductive periods by using RNA-seq and target metabolomics, and screened for the genes and regulatory pathways that were differentially expressed. and related regulatory pathways. DEGs such as PDK4, ALAS2, GLP1R, SLC25A39, PGAP6, FOS, CD36, MMP9 and BCL-6 were identified to play key roles in ovarian function, follicular development, hormone homeostasis and energy metabolism. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis indicated that DEGs were involved in ovarian angiogenesis, hormone synthesis and follicular development. It was found that SLC25A39 may affect glucocorticoid homeostasis and physiological readiness by regulating energy metabolism during anestrus, MARCHF2 and DHEA may be closely related to reproductive hormone fluctuation and system activation during estrus, glucocorticoid down-regulation in pregnancy and maintenance of hormone homeostasis and regulation of immune tolerance by DHEA. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for improving the reproductive performance of yaks and further analysing the reproductive characteristics of yaks.

ORGANISM(S): Bos grunniens

PROVIDER: GSE282450 | GEO | 2024/11/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The potential for xenoestrogens and other environmental chemicals to alter female reproductive function calls for the study of their affects on endogenous hormone-regulated gene expression pathways during uterine tissue remodeling which occurs as part of the menstrual/estrus cycle. However, our knowledge of these pathways is limited. Here, we characterize changes in the CD-1 mouse uterine transcriptome during proestrus and estrus, which are regulated by estrogen and progesterone in preparation of the uterus for pregnancy. Mice were staged beginning at 6 wk of age and uterine horns were harvested after monitoring two estrus cycles. Microarray analysis identified 2,429 genes differentially expressed in estrus compared to proestrus, indicating that the mouse uterus undergoes remarkable remodeling during the estrus cycle, affecting ~10% of all protein-coding genes. Changes in gene expression associated with structural alteration of the uterus include remodeling of the extracellular matrix, changes in cell keratins and adhesion molecules, activation of mitosis, MHC class II presentation, complement and coagulation cascades, and cytochrome P450 expression. Signaling pathways regulated during the estrus cycle, involving ligand-gated channels, Wnt and hedgehog signaling, and several transcription factors with poorly understood roles in reproductive tissues, include several genes and gene networks that have been implicated in pathological states. The information presented here builds a background for understanding of mechanisms involved in uterine tissue response to endocrine disruptors and the development of reproductive tract diseases. Beginning on postnatal day 42, female CD-1 mice were monitored for reproductive stage cycle for 2 consecutive cycles and then total RNA was isolated from uterine horns at estrus or proestrus. Samples were pooled for microarray as follows. Six litters were used to generate 2 tissue pools for estrus and 2 tissue pools for proestrus, with estrus pool 1 and proestrus pool 1 comprised of mice from the same 3 litters, and estrus pool 2 and proestrus pool 2 comprised of mice from the other 3 litters. Each pool was comprised of uterine tissue RNA from n= 4-6 individual mice. Fluorescent labeling of RNA and hybridization of the Alexa 555-labeled (green) and Alexa 647-labeled (red) RNA samples to Agilent-026655 Whole Mouse Genome Microarray 4x44K v2 (Agilent Technology, Palo Alto, CA; catalog # G4846A) were carried out, with dye swapping for each estrus cycle stage comparison.

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Analysis of transcriptome and metabolome characteristics of blood in yaks at different reproductive stages

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