Aboral cell types of Clytia and coral larvae have shared features and link taurine to the regulation of settlement [scRNA-Seq]
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Astroides calycularis Clytia hemisphaerica Pocillopora acuta
PROVIDER: GSE288936 | GEO | 2025/02/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:We performed bulk RNA sequencing on the aboral (anterior) and the oral (posterior) ends of larvae from the cnidarians Clytia hemisphaerica (Hydrozoa), Astroides calycularis (Anthozoa) , and Pocillopora acuta (Anthozoa). Our analysis identified genes enriched at the aboral end of the planulae and revealed shared genes as potential candidates to play a role in mediating the larval settlement response.
2025-02-20 | GSE288934 | GEO
Project description:Similar to many marine invertebrates, scleractinian corals experience a dramatic morphological transformation, as well as a habitat switch, upon settlement and metamorphosis. At this time, planula larvae transform from non-calcifying, demersal, motile organisms into sessile, calcifying, benthic juvenile polyps. We performed a gene expression microarray analysis between planulae, aposymbiotic primary polyps, and symbiotic adult tissue to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying coral metamorphosis and early stages of calcification in the Robust/Short clade scleractinian coral Montastraea faveolata. Among the annotated genes, the most abundant upregulated transcripts in the planula stage are involved in protein synthesis, chromatin assembly and mitochondrial metabolism; the polyp stage, morphogenesis, protein catabolism and organic matrix synthesis; and the adult stage, sexual reproduction, stress response and symbiosis. Additionally, our results indicate that metamorphosis in M. faveolata planulae is likely regulated by: 1) a mechanism that resembles that described for hydrozoan cnidarians involving the neuropeptide LWamide; and 2) conserved cell adhesion and apoptosis mechanisms. Our results also suggest that calicoblast differentiation pathways may be regulated by transforming growth factors from the BMP family and Notch signalling pathway. We also present evidence showing that the planula and adult transcriptomes are more similar to each other than to the polyp trancriptome. Lastly, our results point to a large number of uncharacterized adult coral-specific genes likely involved in coral-specific functions such as symbiosis and calcification.
2009-05-06 | GSE15962 | GEO
Project description:Two known settlement/metamorphosis inducing stimuli (crustose coralline algae, and ethanolic extract of crustose coralline algae) and one stimulus which just induces metamorphosis (LWamide) were used to stimulate competent planula larvae of the coral Acropora millepora. Samples were taken 0.5h, 4h and 12h post induction isolate the genes controlling settlement and metamorphosis in this coral.
2009-12-07 | GSE11709 | GEO
Project description:Mesophotic coral reefs have been proposed as refugia for corals, providing shelter and larval propagules for shallow-water reefs that are disproportionately challenged by global climate change and local anthropogenic stressors. Yet, knowledge of the capacity of coral larvae to adjust to different depth environments is still limited. In this study, planulae of the reef-building coral Stylophora pistillata from 5-8 and 40-44 m depth in the Gulf of Aqaba were tested in a long-term in situ translocation experiment for their ability to settle and acclimate to reciprocal depth conditions. We assessed survival rates, photochemical, physiological and morphological characteristics, as well as gene expression variations in juveniles grown at different depths, comparing them to non-translocated adults, juveniles and planulae. We found high mortality rates among mesophotic-origin planulae, irrespective of translocation depth. Gene expression patterns suggested that deep planulae lacked settlement competency and experienced increased developmental stress upon release. Symbiont photochemical acclimation to depth occurred rapidly within 8 days, with symbiont populations showing changes in photochemical traits but no symbiont species shuffling between deep and shallow juveniles. In contrast, coral host physiological and morphological acclimation were less evident. We observed minimal overlap in gene expression patterns between different life stages and depths, indicating that gene expression significantly depends on life stage. The study also identified a set of DEGs associated with initial stress responses following translocation, lingering stress response, and environmental effects of depth. In conclusion, though our data reveal rapid symbiont acclimation, host acclimation to match deep coral phenotypes was incomplete within 60 days for planulae translocated to different depths. These results have implications for understanding the ecological significance of mesophotic reefs as potential larval sources in the face of environmental stressors.
2024-12-01 | GSE250215 | GEO
Project description:Monospecies Biofilms from a Crustose Coralline Alga Induce Settlement in the Reef-Building Coral Leptastrea purpurea
| PRJEB31052 | ENA
Project description:Marine pelagic larvae from throughout the animal kingdom use a hierarchy of environmental cues to identify a suitable benthic habitat on which to settle and metamorphose into the reproductive phase of the life cycle. The majority of larvae are induced to settle by biochemical cues and many species have long been known to preferentially settle in the dark. Combined, these data suggest that larval responses to light and biochemical cues may be linked, but this is yet to be explored at the molecular level. Here, we track vertical position of larvae of the sponge Amphimedon queenslandica to show that they descend to the benthos at twilight, by which time they are competent to respond to biochemical cues, consistent with them naturally settling in the dark. We then conduct larval settlement assays under three different light regimes (natural day-night, constant dark or constant light), and use transcriptomics on individual larvae to identify candidate molecular pathways underlying the different settlement responses that we observe. We find that constant light prevents larval settlement in response to biochemical cues, likely via actively repressing chemostransduction; this is consistent with the sustained upregulation of a photosensory cryptochrome and two putative inactivators of G-protein signalling in the constant light only. We hypothesise that photo- and chemosensory systems may be hierarchically integrated into ontogeny to regulate larval settlement via nitric oxide (NO) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signalling in this sponge that belongs to one of the earliest branching of the extant animal lineages.
2019-10-09 | GSE130274 | GEO
Project description:Settlement-inducing protein complex (SIPC) is a protein that acts as a phoromone cue to attract conspecific of the barnacle Amphibalanus amphitrite to settle on a substrate. Recombinant settlement-inducing protein complex was expressed in insect Sf9 cells through a baculovirus overexpression system, purified and analysed by mass spectrometry to confirm its identity.
2019-01-07 | PXD006858 | Pride
Project description:To assess how larvae of different ages vary in their responses to different settlement cues, we induced individual Amphimedon queenslandica larvae with one of three different settlement cues at 1.5, 3, 5, and 8 hours post emergence (hpe) from the adult sponge. The settlement cues were (1) the articulated coralline algae Amphiroa fragilissima, (2) the crustose coralline algae Mesophyllum sp., and (3) the filtered seawater (FSW) negative control. We used CEL-Seq2, an RNA-Sequencing approach (Hashimshony et al., 2016), to generate transcriptome data for a total of 144 individuals (larvae and settled post-larvae) at 2 hours post induction (hpi) to the different settlement cues.
2024-06-11 | GSE134077 | GEO
Project description:Scleractinian corals are the major builders of the complex structural framework of coral reefs. They live in tropical waters around the globe where they are frequently exposed to potentially harmful ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Coral eggs and early embryonic stages are thought to be the most sensitive life stages of corals to UVR given that they are highly buoyant and remain near the sea surface for prolonged periods of time. Here we analyzed gene expression changes in different larval stages of the Caribbean coral Montastraea faveolata to natural levels of UVR using high-density cDNA microarrays (10,930 clones). We found that larvae exhibit low sensitivity to natural levels of UVR during most time points analyzed as reflected by comparatively few transcriptomic changes in response to UVR. However, we identified a time window of high UVR sensitivity that coincides with the motile planula stage and the onset of larval competence. These processes have been shown to be affected upon UVR exposure, and the transcriptional changes we identified explain these observations well. Our analysis of differentially expressed genes indicates that UVR induces a stress response and affects the expression of neurogenesis-related genes that can be linked to swimming and settlement behavior at later stages. Taken together, our study provides further data to the impact of natural levels of UVR on coral larvae. Furthermore, our results might allow a better prediction of settlement and recruitment rates after coral spawning events based on UVR climate data. Gamete capture and larval rearing Montastraea faveolata gametes were captured and reared as described in Voolstra et al. 2009 (2009a). Briefly, gametes from 10 colonies were captured during a spawning event on the night of the 10th of September 2009 at approximately 22:00 hours using collecting nets attached to plastic enclosures at “La Bocana Chica” (20º50´N, 86º52´W) located in the “Parque Nacional Arrecife de Puerto Morelos”. Within 10 minutes the gametes were brought to the research vessel “Carybdea”, where they were placed in 5 µm filtered sea water (FSW), large zooplankton was removed, and the egg-sperm mixture was mixed gently to enhance the process of fertilization during transportation to the research station (Unidad Académica Puerto Morelos). After 1 hour, the egg-sperm mixture was repeatedly washed with 5 µm FSW to ensure that all unused sperm and remaining zooplankton were removed. The embryos were placed in round, bottomless, incubation bins fitted with 100 µm mesh, which were housed in abundant 5 µm FSW. Fertilization success, measured 6 hours after the washing procedure, was estimated at 95% by counting the number of eggs undergoing division as a proportion of the total number of eggs (dividing + non-dividing). Experimental procedure After 12 hours, the majority of the embryos were in the late blastula stage. A subsample of embryos was taken from different incubation bins and divided into twelve 1 liter containers with 5 µm FSW added to the brim. Each container held approximately 3,000 embryos. All of the containers were placed in 800 L fiber glass aquaria filled with flowing sea water and exposed to natural solar radiation from 9am to 3pm (6h) at 29ºC and 3.5% salinity. Six of the containers were placed under a sheet of 6mm thick Plexiglass G UVT that has a full width at half maximum (FWHM) at 282 nm and is therefore transparent to UVR. The other six containers were placed under a sheet of 4 mm thick Plexiglass G UF-3 that has a FWHM at 390 nm and is therefore opaque to UVR. At the end of the exposure period, the embryos were harvested and preserved in RNAlater (Ambion), placed at 4ºC for 24 hours to ensure infiltration of the fixative and frozen at -80ºC until further processing. The same exposure and fixation procedures were repeated on 36 hours old embryos (late gastrula stage), on 60 hours old non-motile, floating larvae, on 84 hours old motile planulae, and on 132 hours old planulae that are motile, diving, and ready for settlement.
2011-05-15 | E-GEOD-24949 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genotypes used to reconstruct the settlement timings and paths of Polynesia.
| EGAS00001005362 | EGA