Role of Ustilago Nit2 in nitrogen utilization
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mycosarcoma maydis
PROVIDER: GSE28916 | GEO | 2012/01/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA140571
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The basidiomycete Ustilago maydis is the causal agent of corn smut disease and induces tumor formation during biotrophic growth in its host plant maize. The Usilago maydis genome harbors a homolog to the GATA transcription factors Nit2 and AreA that act as global regulators of nitrogen catabolite repression in filamentous model fungi Neurospora crassa and Aspergillus nidulans. We aimed at resolving the role of the Ustilago maydis homolog Ncr1 for the utilization of complex nitrogen sources and pathogenicity. Sporidia of the indicated Ustilago maydis strains were grown overnight in ammonium minimal medium (Holliday, 1976) and samples for total RNA extraction were taken 2h after transfer to minimal medium lacking any nitrogen source (-N) during the exponential growth phase to assess those genes that are regulated in response to nitrogen starvation. The solopathogenic strain SG200 (control) and deletion mutants of (Nitrogen catabolite repression1) Ncr1 and (Target of Ncr1) Ton1, both being in the SG200 background, were studied in two independent experiments (one experiment for Ton1). Per strain and experiment, three biological replicate samples were analyzed (except for only biological replicates for Ncr1 in the second experiment).
2012-01-01 | E-GEOD-28916 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The biotrophic fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis cause common smut in maize, and lead to gall formation on all aerial organs, especially on maize kernel thus reduce yield. The interaction of U. maydis with maize is a well-established model to study the interaction between maize and biotrophic pathogen. U. maydis infection could activate host immune responses including: ROS accumulation, protease activation, salicylic acid signaling. U. maydis employ several strategies to overcome maize immune response, thus initial the biotrophic interaction with host. It has been suggested that genetic factors of maize host affected the disease severity of U. maydis infection, here we investigated the transcriptome profile of resistance and susceptible maize lines upon U. maydis infection, thus propose candidate maize genes involved in the defense response in maize to corn smut cause by U. maydis.
2021-04-15 | GSE172071 | GEO
Project description:The basidiomycete fungus Ustilago maydis causes smut disease in maize and has become an important model for elucidating the strategies used for host colonization by biotrophic fungi. In this study, we performed an in-depth transcriptional profiling of the plant-associated development of a cross between U. maydis FB1 and FB2 wildtype strains. The analysis of eight different stages, including the development on the leaf surface, early colonization, tumor induction and spore maturation, offers an unprecedented view of the changes in the fungal transcriptome associated with the passage through the entirely biotrophic life cycle. In our analysis, we focus on fungal metabolism, nutritional strategies, secreted effectors and regulatory networks. Secreted proteins were enriched in three distinct expression modules corresponding to the plant surface, establishment of biotrophy and tumor formation, respectively. These modules are likely the key determinants for U. maydis virulence. With respect to nutrient utilization, we observed that expression of several nutrient transporters was tied to these virulence modules rather than being controlled by nutrient availability. We show that oligopeptide transporters likely involved in nitrogen supply during infection are important virulence determinants. By measuring the intramodular connectivity of transcription factors, we identified potential drivers for the virulence modules. While known components of the b-cascade served as inducers for the plant surface and biotrophy module, we identified a set of yet uncharacterized transcription factors as likely responsible for expression of the tumor module. We demonstrate a crucial role in effector gene expression and tumor formation for one of these transcription factors.
2018-01-11 | GSE103876 | GEO
Project description:Ustilago maydis is a basidiomycete fungus that causes smut disease in maize. Most prominent symptoms of the disease are plant tumors, which can be induced by U. maydis on all aerial parts of the plant. We identified two linked genes, pit1 and pit2, which are specifically expressed during plant colonization. Deletion mutants for either pit1 or pit2 are unable to induce tumor development and elicit plant defense responses. We used the Affymetrix maize genome array to analyze the transcriptional responses of maize to deletion pit1 and pit2 mutants and found plant responses to both mutants being not significantly distinguishable.
2011-07-01 | GSE28479 | GEO
Project description:The coding transcriptomes of filamentous cultures of the maize smut fungus Ustilago maydis and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) were compared. Protein-coding transcripts relatively enriched in EVs versus filament cells were identified and examined to identify potentially functional mRNA cargos of U. maydis EVs.
2021-06-08 | GSE176292 | GEO
Project description:The basidiomycete Ustilago maydis causes smut disease in maize. Colonization of the host plant is initiated by direct penetration of cuticle and cell wall of maize epidermis cells. The invading hyphae are surrounded by the plant plasma membrane and proliferate within the plant tissue. We identified a novel secreted protein, termed Pep1. Disruption mutants of pep1 are not affected in saprophytic growth and develop normal infection structures. However, Δpep1 mutants fail to penetrate the epidermal cell wall and elicit a strong plant defense response. Using Affymetrix maize arrays we identified about 110 plant genes which are differentially regulated in Δpep1 and wild type infections during the penetration stage.
2008-09-25 | GSE12892 | GEO
Project description:Infection-related development of phytopathogenic fungi is initiated by sensing and responding to plant surface cues. This response results in the formation of specialized infection structures, so-called appressoria. To unravel the program inducing appressoria in the biotrophic smut fungus Ustilago maydis, we exposed cells to a hydrophobic surface and the cutin monomer 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling under these appressorium-inducing in vitro conditions revealed dramatic transcriptional changes in almost 20% of the genes. Comparisons with the U. maydis sho1 msb2 double mutant, lacking two putative sensors for plant surface cues, revealed that these plasma membrane receptors regulate a small subset of the surface cue-induced genes. These genes comprised mainly secreted proteins including plant cell wall degrading enzymes that facilitate plant penetration and secreted effectors that are essential virulence factors, with functions after penetration. Our data also demonstrate specific effects on two transcription factors that redirect the transcriptional regulatory network towards appressorium formation and plant penetration. Thus, plant surface cues prime U. maydis for biotrophic development. Solopathogenic Ustilago maydis strain AM1 and its derivate AM1Δsho1Δmsb2 were grown to mid-log phase in YEPSL medium and resuspended in 2% YEPSL plus/minus 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid (HDA). The cell suspensions were sprayed on hydrophobic surface (Parafilm) and incubated for 12 h. As control, cells were sprayed on hydrophilic glass surface and incubated for 2 h. After RNA extraction Affymetrix microarrays were performed.
2014-07-23 | E-GEOD-53947 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Infection-related development of phytopathogenic fungi is initiated by sensing and responding to plant surface cues. This response results in the formation of specialized infection structures, so-called appressoria. To unravel the program inducing appressoria in the biotrophic smut fungus Ustilago maydis, we exposed cells to a hydrophobic surface and the cutin monomer 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid. Genome-wide transcriptional profiling under these appressorium-inducing in vitro conditions revealed dramatic transcriptional changes in almost 20% of the genes. Comparisons with the U. maydis sho1 msb2 double mutant, lacking two putative sensors for plant surface cues, revealed that these plasma membrane receptors regulate a small subset of the surface cue-induced genes. These genes comprised mainly secreted proteins including plant cell wall degrading enzymes that facilitate plant penetration and secreted effectors that are essential virulence factors, with functions after penetration. Our data also demonstrate specific effects on two transcription factors that redirect the transcriptional regulatory network towards appressorium formation and plant penetration. Thus, plant surface cues prime U. maydis for biotrophic development.
2014-07-23 | GSE53947 | GEO
Project description:The fungal pathogen Ustilago maydis establishes a biotrophic relationship with its host plant maize. Hallmarks of the disease are large plant tumors in which fungal proliferation occurs. Plants have developed various defense pathways to cope with pathogens. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression during the infection process of Ustilago maydis in its host plant to get insights into the defense programs and the metabolic reprogramming needed to supply the fungus with nutrients. Keywords: time course
2008-03-01 | GSE10023 | GEO
Project description:Ustilago maydis is a plant-pathogenic fungus that establishes a biotrophic relationship with its host Zea mays. The biotrophic interaction is initiated upon host penetration, and involves expansion of the host plasma membrane around hyphae, which is thought to facilitate the exchange of nutrients and virulence factors. Transcriptional regulators involved in the establishment of an infectious dikaryon and penetration into the host have been identified, however, regulators involved in the post-penetration stages remained to be elucidated. In the study we report the identification of an Ustilago maydis forkhead transcription factor, Fox1, which is exclusively expressed during biotrophic development. Deletion of fox1 results in reduced virulence and impaired tumour development in planta. Microarray analyses of Δfox1-infected plant tissue identified Fox1 as a transcriptional activator, involved in the expression of secreted effectors required for virulence.
2010-12-31 | GSE19591 | GEO