Radiation-Induced Genomic Instability in Caenorhabditis Elegans
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Caenorhabditis elegans
PROVIDER: GSE29979 | GEO | 2011/08/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA140765
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Significant impacts on gene expression were observed generations after exposure in ionising radiation exposed nematodes. C. elegans were exposed to 1 Gy of X-rays and their gene expression was analysed several generations later with whole genome oligoarrays (Washington University).
2011-07-31 | E-GEOD-29979 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In the current study a systematic investigation of life stage, tissue and cell dependent sensitivity to ionizing radiation in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans was conducted. This revealed that individuals that have reached the post-mitotic L4 stage showed no significant effects with respect to mortality, morbidity or reproduction when subjected to either acute dose ≤6 Gy(1500 mGy/h) or chronic exposure ≤4 Gy( ≤ 100 mGy/h). In contrast, chronic exposure from embryo to young adult stage caused a dose and dose rate dependent reprotoxicitiy with 43% reduction in total brood size at 6.7Gy (107 mGy/h). Systematic targeted irradiation of developmental stages showed that exposure during L1 to young L4 was sufficient to induce reprotoxic effects. Exposure during these stages was associated with a dose rate dependent genotoxic effects on gonads with 1.7 to 3.2 fold increase in germ cell apoptosis in larvae subjected to 40-100 mGy/h, respectively. Importantly, exposure to gamma radiation significantly impaired spermatogenesis in a dose rate dependent manner. The observed reduction in the number of spermatids accounted for xx% of the reprotoxic effects, thus signifying spermatids as the most radiosensitive cell type in C. elegans. Molecular responses analyzed by RNAseq of nematodes irradiated from L1 to L4 stage revealed a significant enrichment of genes related to both male and hermaphrodite reproductive processes. Gene network analysis identified adverse genotoxic effects related to down-regulation of genes required for spindle formation and sperm meiosis/maturation, including smz-1, smz-2 and htas-1. The expression of a subset of 28 set-17 regulated Major Sperm Proteins (MSP) required for spermatids production was correlated to the reduction in reproduction and the number of spermatids, thus corroborating the impairment of spermatogenesis as the major cause of gamma radiation induced life-stage dependent reprotoxic effect. Furthermore, the progeny of irradiated nematodes showed significant embryonal DNA damage that was associated with persistent effect on somatic growth. Unexpectedly, these nematodes did however maintain much of their reproductive capacity in spite of the reduced growth.
2019-07-03 | E-MTAB-8004 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ultraviolet C radiation (UVC) damages the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes; this damage is repaired in the nuclear but not mitochondrial genome. Ethidium bromide (EtBr) inhibits mitochondrial DNA replication. We were interested in the transcriptomic response to exposure to UVC, EtBr, and the combination. The UVC exposure protocol results in a high level of mitochondrial DNA damage, and a low level of nuclear DNA damage (because of repair). We exposed age-matched L1-stage Caenorhabditis elegans to ultraviolet C radiation (UVC ) three times, separated in time by 24 h, in the absence of food. After the third exposure, larvae were placed on K agar plates with OP50 bacterial food. In some cases ethidium bromide was also used. Nematodes were sampled for RNA isolation several times.
2012-10-01 | E-GEOD-38997 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Most studies have analysed the effects of high dose radiation such as atomic bomb survivors in Japan, people exposed during the Chernobyl nuclear accident, patients undergoing radiation therapy, uranium miners, etc. However, it has been difficult to measure and assess the risk of cancer in people exposed to lower doses of ionising radiation, such as the people living at high altitudes, who are exposed to more natural background radiation from cosmic rays than people at sea level. We measured the genomic response to X-ray ionising radiation (10 cGy and 100 cGy) in a skin tissue model to compare the effects of low and high dose ionising radiation at different time points. The microarray data was then analysed using state-of-the art “upside-down pyramid” computational systems biology methods to identify genes contributing to the difference in the response to the different radiation doses.
2012-02-01 | GSE29344 | GEO
Project description:The biological impacts of terahertz (THz) waves as well as their biosafety have emerged as a new area of concern with the gradual application of terahertz radiation. In recent years, many studies have been conducted to investigate the influence of terahertz on living organisms, such as animals or cell cultures; however, the biological effects of terahertz waves have not yet been fully revealed. In this study, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), one of the most acceptable model organisms for studying various forms of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation exposure was used to evaluate the effects of terahertz waves on the entire organism. In this study, the integration of transcriptome sequencing and behavioral tests of C. elegans revealed that high-power THz irradiation damaged the epidermal ultrastructures, inhibited the expression of cuticle collagen gene to impair the movement of C. elegans. Our findings offer fresh perspectives on the biological impacts of high-power THz radiation that could cause epidermal damage and provoke a systemic response.
2024-01-01 | GSE243842 | GEO
Project description:Most studies have analysed the effects of high dose radiation such as atomic bomb survivors in Japan, people exposed during the Chernobyl nuclear accident, patients undergoing radiation therapy, uranium miners, etc. However, it has been difficult to measure and assess the risk of cancer in people exposed to lower doses of ionising radiation, such as the people living at high altitudes, who are exposed to more natural background radiation from cosmic rays than people at sea level. We measured the genomic response to X-ray ionising radiation (10 cGy and 100 cGy) in a skin tissue model to compare the effects of low and high dose ionising radiation at different time points. The microarray data was then analysed using state-of-the art “upside-down pyramid” computational systems biology methods to identify genes contributing to the difference in the response to the different radiation doses. The model is reconstructed skin tissue, which is composed of keratinocytes that make up the epidermal layer, and fibroblasts that make up the dermal layer of the skin. Tissues were irradiated with 0, 10, and 100 cGy X-ray radiation. Skin plugs were harvested at 0, 3, 8, and 24 hours post irradiation.
2012-02-01 | E-GEOD-29344 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In animals, maternal diet and environment can influence the health of offspring. Whether and how maternal dietary choice impacts the nervous system across multiple generations is not well understood. Here, we show that feeding Caenorhabditis elegans with ursolic acid (UA), a natural plant product, reduces adult-onset neurodegeneration intergenerationally. UA provides neuroprotection by enhancing maternal provisioning of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) - a bioactive sphingolipid. Intestine-to-oocyte S1P transfer is required for intergenerational neuroprotection and is dependent on the RME-2 lipoprotein yolk receptor. S1P acts intergenerationally by upregulating transcription of the acid ceramidase-1 (asah-1) gene in the intestine. Spatially regulating sphingolipid metabolism is critical as inappropriate asah-1 expression in neurons causes developmental axon outgrowth defects. Our results show that sphingolipid homeostasis impacts the development and intergenerational health of the nervous system. The ability of specific lipid metabolites to act as messengers between generations may have broad implications for dietary choice during reproduction.
2023-06-26 | GSE214425 | GEO
Project description:Dose-dependent (phospho) proteome responses of mouse embyronic stem cells to ionising radiation. Quantitative SILAC- and mass spectrometry-based proteomics and phosphoproteomics experiments were performe at half an hour (0.5h) and four hours (4h) after exposure to LD (0.1 Gy) and high doses (HD; 1 Gy) of IR.
2022-03-18 | PXD025343 | Pride
Project description:Transcriptomic response of young adult N2, xpa1, and glp1 nematodes 3h after exposure to 50 J/m2 UVC radiation at 25°C
| PRJNA114931 | ENA
Project description:Previous studies have shown that exposure to ionising radiation (IR) results in DNA methylation changes in plants. However, to the best of our knowledge, this phenomenon is yet to be studied across multiple generations. Furthermore, the exact role of these changes in the IR-induced plant response is still far from understood. Here, we study the effect of gamma radiation on DNA methylation and its effect across generations in young Arabidopsis plant. A multigenerational set-up was used in which three generations of seven-day old Arabidopsis thaliana plants were exposed to either of the different radiation treatments (30 mGy h-1, 60 mGy h-1, 110 mGy h-1, or 430 mGy h-1) or to natural background radiation (control condition) for 14 days. The parental generation consisted of previously non-exposed plants, whereas generation 1 and generation 2 plants had already received a similar irradiation in the previous one or two generations, respectively. Directly after exposure the entire methylomes were analysed with UPLC-MS to measure whole genome methylation levels. Whole genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) was used to identify differentially methylated regions (DMRs), including their methylation context in the three generations in three different radiation conditions (control, 30 mGy/h, and 110 mGy/h). Both intra- and intergenerational comparisons of the genes and transposable elements (TEs) associated with the DMRs were made across the gamma radiation exposure conditions. It was apparent that there was a higher number of changes in CpG methylation, whereas only limited changes in CHG methylation occurred and no changes in CHH methylation were observed. A clear increase in IR-induced DMRs was seen over the three generations that were exposed to the lowest dose rate, where Gen 2 had a markedly higher number of DMRs than the previous two generations (Parent and Gen 1). Counterintuitively, we did not see significant differences in the plants exposed to the higher dose rate. In addition, a large number of DMRs associated with TEs were found, the majority of them being hyper methylated, likely leading to more genetic stability. Next to that, a significant number of DMRs were associated with genes (either in their promoter associated region or gene body). A functional analysis of these genes (not included in with this data) showed an enrichment for genes related to development as well as various stress responses, including DNA repair, RNA splicing, and (a)biotic stress responses. These observations indicate a role of DNA methylation in the regulation of these genes in response to IR exposure and shows a possible role for epigenetics in adaptation to IR in plants.
2021-01-31 | GSE157965 | GEO