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Parallel high-throughput RNA-sequencing suggests little overlap of differential gene expression between knockout of TDP-43 and its over-expression in central nervous system in Drosophila

ABSTRACT: The human Tar-DNA-binding protein TDP-43 is closely associated with ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders. TDP-43 contains two highly conserved RNA-binding motifs and possesses a variety of documented roles in RNA metabolism, including pre-RNA splicing and repression of transcription. We sought to measure the effect that knockout and over-expression of the fly orthologue of this protein, Tar-DNA-binding protein homolog (TBPH), has on the transcriptome of the central nervous system (CNS) of Drosophila melanogaster. To this end, we used massively parallel sequencing methods (RNA-seq) to transcriptionally profile the CNS in loss-of-function mutants and gain-of-function over-expression genotypes. We found that loss of TBPH resulted in widespread gene activation, much of which could be reversed by rescue of TBPH expression, suggesting that repression is one of the major roles of TBPH. Conversely, we found that over-expression of TBPH resulted largely in decreased gene expression. However, there was little overlap in the genes which were affected in these two genotypes, suggesting that the bulk of genes affected by TBPH loss-of-function and over-expression are different. We provide a comprehensive look at enriched gene ontologies in both cases, suggesting that TDP-43 plays a role in regulating basic processes in neurons. We also describe a number of genes whose splicing is likely to be altered in the absence of TDP-43.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE31194 | GEO | 2012/07/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA144755

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Parallel high-throughput RNA-sequencing suggests little overlap of differential gene expression between knockout of TDP-43 and its over-expression in central nervous system in Drosophila

Project description:The human Tar-DNA-binding protein TDP-43 is closely associated with ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders. TDP-43 contains two highly conserved RNA-binding motifs and possesses a variety of documented roles in RNA metabolism, including pre-RNA splicing and repression of transcription. We sought to measure the effect that knockout and over-expression of the fly orthologue of this protein, Tar-DNA-binding protein homolog (TBPH), has on the transcriptome of the central nervous system (CNS) of Drosophila melanogaster. To this end, we used massively parallel sequencing methods (RNA-seq) to transcriptionally profile the CNS in loss-of-function mutants and gain-of-function over-expression genotypes. We found that loss of TBPH resulted in widespread gene activation, much of which could be reversed by rescue of TBPH expression, suggesting that repression is one of the major roles of TBPH. Conversely, we found that over-expression of TBPH resulted largely in decreased gene expression. However, there was little overlap in the genes which were affected in these two genotypes, suggesting that the bulk of genes affected by TBPH loss-of-function and over-expression are different. We provide a comprehensive look at enriched gene ontologies in both cases, suggesting that TDP-43 plays a role in regulating basic processes in neurons. We also describe a number of genes whose splicing is likely to be altered in the absence of TDP-43. In this study we compare the effects of knockout of the TDP-43 ortholog (TBPH) in the fly nervous system with the effects of its overexpression. 2 treatment groups are presented. In the first, TDP-43 knockout (G2) is compared to control (A1) and rescue (G2; TDP-43-GAL4>UAS-TDP-43). In the second comparison, the motor neuron driver D42-GAL4 is used to overexpress TDP-43 in motor neurons, using LacZ as a control for overexpression of a foreign protein.

2012-06-30 | E-GEOD-31194 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Loss of Nuclear TDP-43 Is Associated with Decondensation of LINE Retrotransposons [RNA-Seq]

Project description:Loss of the nuclear RNA binding protein TAR DNA binding protein-43 (TDP-43) into cytoplasmic aggregates is the strongest correlate to neurodegeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration. The molecular changes associated with the loss of nuclear TDP-43 in human tissues are not entirely known. Using a novel subcellular fractionation and fluorescent activated cell sorting method to enrich for diseased neuronal nuclei without TDP-43 from post-mortem FTD-ALS human brain, we characterized the effects of TDP-43 loss on the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility. Nuclear TDP-43 loss is associated with gene expression changes that affect RNA processing, nucleocytoplasmic transport, histone processing and DNA damage. Loss of nuclear TDP-43 was also associated with chromatin decondensation around long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and increased LINE1 DNA content. Moreover, loss of TDP-43 leads to increased retrotransposition that can be inhibited with antiretroviral drugs, suggesting that TDP-43 neuropathology is associated with altered chromatin structure including decondensation of LINEs.

2019-03-15 | GSE126542 | GEO

Loss of Nuclear TDP-43 Is Associated with Decondensation of LINE Retrotransposons [ATAC-Seq]

2019-03-15 | GSE126541 | GEO

Location and function of TDP-43 in platelets: Alterations in neurodegenerative diseases and arising considerations for current plasma biobank protocols

Project description:The TAR DNA Binding Protein (TDP-43) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human neurodegenerative diseases and exhibits hallmark neuropathology in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we explore its tractability as a plasma biomarker of disease and describe its localization and possible functions in the cytosol of platelets. Novel TDP-43 immunoassays were developed on three different technical platforms and qualified for specificity, signal-noise ratio, detection range, variation, spike recovery and dilution linearity in human plasma samples. Fractionation studies revealed that >95% of plasma TDP-43 protein [RL1] was located within the platelet cytosol, together with numerous RNAs. Platelet-derived TDP-43 exhibits TDP-43 proteoforms detected in neurodegenerative diseases, TARDBP RNA splice variants and TDP-43 RNA targets found in the central nervous system (CNS). We propose that TDP-43 serves similar functional roles in platelets and synapses, suggesting that the study of platelet TDP-43 might provide a window into TDP-43 proteinopathies within the CNS. The restricted compartmentalization of plasma TDP-43 in platelets provides a highly concentrated substrate for further biochemical analyses. Moreover, our results suggest that current plasma biobanking protocols are subject to considerable heterogeneity in platelet recovery and measurements of TDP-43 in plasma.

2024-09-25 | GSE245303 | GEO

Loss of TDP-43 causes ectopic endothelial sprouting and migration defects through increased fibronectin, vcam 1 and integrin α4/β1

Project description:Aggregation of the Tar DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is a pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and likely contributes to disease by loss of nuclear function. Analysis of TDP-43 function in knockout zebrafish identified an endothelial directional migration and hypersprouting phenotype during development prior lethality. In human umbilical vein cells (HUVEC) the loss of TDP-43 leads to hyperbranching. We identified elevated expression of FIBRONECTIN 1 (FN1), the VASCULAR CELL ADHESION MOLECULE 1 (VCAM1), as well as their receptor INTEGRIN α4β1 (ITGA4B1) in HUVEC cells. Importantly, reducing the levels of ITGA4, FN1, and VCAM1 homologues in the TDP-43 loss-of-function zebrafish rescues the angiogenic defects indicating the conservation of human and zebrafish TDP-43 function during angiogenesis. Our study identifies a novel pathway regulated by TDP-43 important for angiogenesis during development.

2023-05-26 | GSE233588 | GEO

The gene expression analysis of TDP knocked down MIN6 cells.

Project description:TAR DNA-binding protein 43 kDa (TDP-43), encoded by TARDBP, is an RNA-binding protein, the nuclear depletion of which is the histopathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Here, we show that ALS subjects have reduced early-phase insulin secretion and that the nuclear localization of TDP-43 is lost in the islets of autopsied ALS pancreas. Loss of TDP-43 inhibits exocytosis, thereby reducing early-phase insulin secretion in a cultured β cell line (MIN6). Using microarray analysis, we identified the genes causing insulin impaired in TDP knocked down MIN6 cells.

2019-01-23 | GSE125424 | GEO

TDP-43 is a genome-wide DNA-binding protein and regulator of snRNA expression

Project description:TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is the major protein component of neuronal inclusions characterizing the adult-onset neurodegenerative diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with ubiquitinated inclusions (FTLD-TDP). Whereas TDP-43 was originally identified as a DNA-binding protein that bound the HIV-1 trans-activation response (TAR) DNA element, recent work elucidating its role in neurodegenerative disease pathogenesis has largely focused on TDP-43’s role as an RNA-binding protein. Here, we demonstrate that in human cells, TDP-43 binds DNA genome-wide, with strong enrichment at small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes. Moreover, TDP-43 binding to snRNA genes is not dependent on RNA, and the snRNA products of TDP-43-bound sites are incorporated into Smith antigen-containing snRNPs. Furthermore, TDP-43 knockdown increases expression of bound snRNA genes, supporting a role for TDP-43 in the negative regulation of snRNA biogenesis. Finally, ALS-associated missense mutations in the gene encoding TDP-43, TARDBP, reduce binding to snRNA genes. Together, our data suggest that the DNA-binding role of TDP-43 is important in health and in disease, and aberrant TDP-43 binding to snRNA gene loci may alter splicing function in ALS and FTLD-TDP.

2023-12-21 | GSE117873 | GEO

TDP-43 regulates cancer-associated microRNAs

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in a wide range of cellular processes. Aberrant regulation of miRNA genes contributes to human diseases, including cancer. The TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43), a DNA/RNA binding protein associated with neurodegeneration, is involved in miRNA biogenesis. Here, we systematically examined miRNAs whose expression levels are regulated by TDP-43 using RNA-Seq coupled with siRNA-mediated knockdown approach. TDP-43 knocking down affected the expression of a number of miRNAs. Alterations in isomiR patterns and miRNA arm selection after TDP-43 knockdown suggest a role of TDP-43 in miRNA editing. We examined correlation of selected TDP-43 associated miRNAs and their candidate target genes in human cancers. Our data reveal highly complex roles of TDP-43 in regulating different miRNAs and their target genes. Our results suggest that TDP-43 may promote migration of lung cancer cells by regulating miR-423-3p expression. On the other hand, TDP-43 increases miR-500a-3p expression and binds to the mature miR-500a-3p sequence. Low expression of miR-500a-3p was associated with poor survival of lung cancer patients, suggesting that TDP-43 may have a suppressive role in cancer by regulating miR-500a-3p. Our experiments reveal that cancer-associated genes LIF and PAPPA may be targets of miR-500a-3p. Together with other studies, our work suggests that TDP-43-regulated miRNAs may play multi-facet roles in the pathogenesis of cancer. small RNA seq in SH-SY-5Y, SNB-19 and HT22 (TDP-43 siRNA VS Control siRNA)

2016-08-02 | E-GEOD-85065 | biostudies-arrayexpress

TDP-43 safeguards the embryo genome from L1 retrotransposition

Project description:We report that TAR DNA binding protein 43 (TDP-43), mutations in which constitute a major risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), inhibits L1 retrotransposition in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and preimplantation embryos. Knockdown of TDP-43 resulted in massive genomic L1 expansion and impaired cell growth in preimplantation embryos and ESCs. Functional analysis demonstrated that TDP-43 interacts with L1 open reading frame 1 protein (L1 ORF1p) to mediate genomic protection, and loss of this interaction led to de-repression of L1 retrotransposition. Our results identify TDP-43 as a guardian of the embryonic genome by protecting it from massive L1 retrotransposition.

2023-01-04 | GSE199197 | GEO

TDP-43 regulates cancer-associated microRNAs

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