Mammary stem cells: molecular profiling to identify novel biomarkers and the stem cell niche

ABSTRACT: Identification and transcriptome analysis of mammary stem cells (MaSC) are important steps toward understanding the molecular and cellular bases of mammary epithelial growth, homeostasis and tissue repair. We identified MaSC based upon their ability to retain bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) for an extended period. Using laser microdissection, we isolated four categories of cells from the mammary epithelium of female bovine calves. These categories included label retaining epithelial cells (LREC) from the basal layer (LRECb), basal control cells (ECb), LREC from embedded layers (LRECe) and embedded control cells (ECe). Microarray analysis revealed 592 genes that were differentially expressed between LRECb and ECb, and 110 genes between LRECe and ECe. Our analysis supported classification of LRECb as MaSC and LRECe as progenitor cells. Enriched expression of genes in LRECb were associated with stem cell attributes and identified enrichment of Wnt, Notch and MAPK pathways of self renewal and proliferation. Genes expressed in LRECe revealed retention of some stem-like properties along with up-regulation of differentiation factors and the Notch pathway involved in lineage commitment. The basal epithelium provided for the stem cell niche, characterized as a microenvironment containing numerous survival and proliferation factors, growth suppressors and chromatin modifiers in balance state. We conclude that BrdU label retention identifies stem and progenitor cells, wherein MaSC are located in the basal epithelial layer and committed progenitor cells are localized in more apical layers. Results provide novel candidate markers for bovine MaSC with potential applicability to the study of MaSC in other species.

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

PROVIDER: GSE31541 | GEO | 2012/06/03

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA145715

REPOSITORIES: GEO