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Genome-wide analysis of global and caste-specific DNA methylation in two ant species: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Camponotus floridanus Harpegnathos saltator

PROVIDER: GSE31577 | GEO | 2012/08/09

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA145615

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Genome-wide and caste-specific DNA methylomes of the ants Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator.

Project description:Ant societies comprise individuals belonging to different castes characterized by specialized morphologies and behaviors. Because ant embryos can follow different developmental trajectories, epigenetic mechanisms must play a role in caste determination. Ants have a full set of DNA methyltransferases and their genomes contain methylcytosine. To determine the relationship between DNA methylation and phenotypic plasticity in ants, we obtained and compared the genome-wide methylomes of different castes and developmental stages of Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator.In the ant genomes, methylcytosines are found both in symmetric CG dinucleotides (CpG) and non-CpG contexts and are strongly enriched at exons of active genes. Changes in exonic DNA methylation correlate with alternative splicing events such as exon skipping and alternative splice site selection. Several genes exhibit caste-specific and developmental changes in DNA methylation that are conserved between the two species, including genes involved in reproduction, telomere maintenance, and noncoding RNA metabolism. Several loci are methylated and expressed monoallelically, and in some cases, the choice of methylated allele depends on the caste.These first ant methylomes and their intra- and interspecies comparison reveal an exonic methylation pattern that points to a connection between DNA methylation and splicing. The presence of monoallelic DNA methylation and the methylation of non-CpG sites in all samples suggest roles in genome regulation in these social insects, including the intriguing possibility of parental or caste-specific genomic imprinting.

| S-EPMC3498763 | biostudies-literature

Genome-wide analysis of global and caste-specific DNA methylation in two ant species: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE31344: smRNA sequencing of queen and virgin queen of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator GSE31346: Transcriptome sequencing of queen and virgin queen of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator GSE31576: Single base resolution methylome of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator Refer to individual Series

2012-08-08 | E-GEOD-31577 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Genomic comparison of the ants Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator.

Project description:The organized societies of ants include short-lived worker castes displaying specialized behavior and morphology and long-lived queens dedicated to reproduction. We sequenced and compared the genomes of two socially divergent ant species: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator. Both genomes contained high amounts of CpG, despite the presence of DNA methylation, which in non-Hymenoptera correlates with CpG depletion. Comparison of gene expression in different castes identified up-regulation of telomerase and sirtuin deacetylases in longer-lived H. saltator reproductives, caste-specific expression of microRNAs and SMYD histone methyltransferases, and differential regulation of genes implicated in neuronal function and chemical communication. Our findings provide clues on the molecular differences between castes in these two ants and establish a new experimental model to study epigenetics in aging and behavior.

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Epigenetic (re)programming of caste-specific behavior in the ant Camponotus floridanus.

Project description:Eusocial insects organize themselves into behavioral castes whose regulation has been proposed to involve epigenetic processes, including histone modification. In the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus, morphologically distinct worker castes called minors and majors exhibit pronounced differences in foraging and scouting behaviors. We found that these behaviors are regulated by histone acetylation likely catalyzed by the conserved acetyltransferase CBP. Transcriptome and chromatin analysis in brains of scouting minors fed pharmacological inhibitors of CBP and histone deacetylases (HDACs) revealed hundreds of genes linked to hyperacetylated regions targeted by CBP. Majors rarely forage, but injection of a HDAC inhibitor or small interfering RNAs against the HDAC Rpd3 into young major brains induced and sustained foraging in a CBP-dependent manner. Our results suggest that behavioral plasticity in animals may be regulated in an epigenetic manner via histone modification.

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A chromatin link to caste identity in the carpenter ant Camponotus floridanus.

Project description:In many ant species, sibling larvae follow alternative ontogenetic trajectories that generate striking variation in morphology and behavior among adults. These organism-level outcomes are often determined by environmental rather than genetic factors. Therefore, epigenetic mechanisms may mediate the expression of adult polyphenisms. We produced the first genome-wide maps of chromatin structure in a eusocial insect and found that gene-proximal changes in histone modifications, notably H3K27 acetylation, discriminate two female worker and male castes in Camponotus floridanus ants and partially explain differential gene expression between castes. Genes showing coordinated changes in H3K27ac and RNA implicate muscle development, neuronal regulation, and sensory responses in modulating caste identity. Binding sites of the acetyltransferase CBP harbor the greatest caste variation in H3K27ac, are enriched with motifs for conserved transcription factors, and show evolutionary expansion near developmental and neuronal genes. These results suggest that environmental effects on caste identity may be mediated by differential recruitment of CBP to chromatin. We propose that epigenetic mechanisms that modify chromatin structure may help orchestrate the generation and maintenance of polyphenic caste morphology and social behavior in ants.

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High-throughput sequencing analyses of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2010-08-27 | GSE22680 | GEO

Transcriptome sequencing and analysis of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Project description:Deep sequencing of mRNA from two Ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

2010-08-27 | GSE22678 | GEO

Single base resolution methylome of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Project description:Deep BS-Seq of two Ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator.

2012-08-09 | GSE31576 | GEO

Small RNA sequencing and analysis of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Project description:Deep sequencing of small RNA from two Ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

2010-08-27 | GSE22679 | GEO

High-throughput sequencing analyses of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE22678: Transcriptome sequencing and analysis of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator GSE22679: Small RNA sequencing and analysis of two ants: Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator Refer to individual Series

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