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Mutant p53 Disrupts Mammary Acinar Morphogenesis via the Mevalonate Pathway

ABSTRACT: p53 is a frequent target for mutation in human tumors and previous studies have revealed that these missense mutant proteins can actively contribute to tumorigenesis. To elucidate how mutant p53 might contribute to mammary carcinogenesis we employed a three-dimensional (3D) culture model. In 3D culture non-malignant breast epithelial cells form structures reminiscent of acinar structures found in vivo, whereas breast cancer cells form highly disorganized and in some cases invasive structures. We found that mutant p53 depletion is sufficient to phenotypically revert breast cancer cells to a more acinar-like morphology. Genome-wide expression analysis identified the sterol biosynthesis, or mevalonate, pathway as significantly upregulated by a tumor-derived mutant p53. Using statins and sterol biosynthesis intermediates, we demonstrate that this pathway is both necessary and sufficient for the phenotypic effects of mutant p53 on breast tissue architecture. Mutant p53 associates with the sterol gene promoters at least partly via the SREBP transcription factors. Finally, p53 mutation correlates with higher levels of sterol biosynthesis genes in human breast tumors. This activity of mutant p53 not only contributes insight into breast carcinogenesis, but also implicates the mevalonate pathway as a new therapeutic target for tumors bearing such mutations in p53.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE31812 | GEO | 2012/02/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA145251

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Mutant p53 Disrupts Mammary Acinar Morphogenesis via the Mevalonate Pathway

Project description:p53 is a frequent target for mutation in human tumors and previous studies have revealed that these missense mutant proteins can actively contribute to tumorigenesis. To elucidate how mutant p53 might contribute to mammary carcinogenesis we employed a three-dimensional (3D) culture model. In 3D culture non-malignant breast epithelial cells form structures reminiscent of acinar structures found in vivo, whereas breast cancer cells form highly disorganized and in some cases invasive structures. We found that mutant p53 depletion is sufficient to phenotypically revert breast cancer cells to a more acinar-like morphology. Genome-wide expression analysis identified the sterol biosynthesis, or mevalonate, pathway as significantly upregulated by a tumor-derived mutant p53. Using statins and sterol biosynthesis intermediates, we demonstrate that this pathway is both necessary and sufficient for the phenotypic effects of mutant p53 on breast tissue architecture. Mutant p53 associates with the sterol gene promoters at least partly via the SREBP transcription factors. Finally, p53 mutation correlates with higher levels of sterol biosynthesis genes in human breast tumors. This activity of mutant p53 not only contributes insight into breast carcinogenesis, but also implicates the mevalonate pathway as a new therapeutic target for tumors bearing such mutations in p53. RNA was isolated from three independent experiments of MDA-468.shp53 cells cultured under 3D conditions for 8 days in the presence or absence of DOX, reversed transcribed and hybridized to an Affymetrix GeneChip expression array. Data was processed using the Robust Multichip Average (RMA) algorithm to give expression signals and paired t-test was applied for each probe. Probes with 1% significance were selected for Ingenuity Pathway Analysis.

2012-02-13 | E-GEOD-31812 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The mevalonate pathway is required for pyrimidine synthesis and survival of p53-deficient colon cancer cells in metabolically compromised environments

Project description:In this study, we have investigated the effect of p53 deletion on the metabolic activity of colon cancer cells exposed to metabolic stress. In order to recreate the simultaneous reduction in oxygen and nutrient availability found in tumors, we cultured cancer cells as multicellular tumor spheroids. Under these conditions, p53 deficient cancer cells activate the expression of enzymes of the mevalonate pathway via the sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 (SREBP2). Moreover, inhibition of mevalonate pathway activity with statins selectively induced apoptosis in p53 deficient cancer cells exposed to metabolic stress. This effect was mediated by the requirement of p53 deficient cancer cells to synthesise ubiquinone (coenzyme Q10) to maintain TCA cycle activity, respiration and the production of pyrimidine nucleotides. Our study has revealed a novel link between isoprenoid synthesis by the mevalonate pathway and the electron transport function of ubiquinone, which is required for nucleotide biosynthesis. As a consequence, maintaining mevalonate pathway activity is essential for p53 deficient cancer cells to proliferate and survive under the metabolic constraints of the tumor microenvironment.

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Project description:To investigate the role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase Thyroid Receptor Interacting Protein 12 (TRIP12) in pancreatic acinar cell identity and pancreatic carcinogenesis, we used genetically engineered mouse models of pancreas-selective Trip12 deletion, mutant Kras (G12D) and mutant P53 (R172H). We performed gene expression analysis using RNA-seq data from adult acinar cells. We established cell lines from murine pancreatic tumors.

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Homo sapiens

Project description:Mutant p53 Disrupts Mammary Acinar Morphogenesis via the Mevalonate Pathway

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MicroRNA-874 targets phosphomevalonate kinase and inhibits cancer cell growth via the mevalonate pathway [scRNA-seq]

Project description:The microRNA (miR) miR-874, a potential tumour suppressor, causes cell death via target gene suppression in various cancer types. Mevalonate pathway inhibition also causes cell death in breast cancer. However, the relationship between the mevalonate pathway and miR-874-induced apoptosis or its association with the tumour suppressor p53 has not been elucidated. We identified phosphomevalonate kinase (PMVK), a key mevalonate pathway enzyme, and sterol regulatory element-binding factor 2 (SREBF2), the master cholesterol biosynthesis regulator, as direct miR‑874 targets. Next-generation sequencing analysis revealed a significant miR-874–mediated downregulation of PMVK and SREBF2 gene expression and p53 pathway enrichment. Luciferase reporter assays showed that miR-874 directly regulated PMVK and SREBF2. miR-874–induced apoptosis was p53 dependent, and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis demonstrated that miR-874 transfection resulted in apoptosis and p53 pathway activation. Downregulation of PMVK expression also caused cell cycle arrest and p53 pathway activation, which was rescued by geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) supplementation. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database indicated a negative correlation between miR-874 and PMVK expression and between miR-874 and SREBF2 expression. These findings suggest that miR-874 suppresses the mevalonate pathway by targeting SREBF2 and PMVK, resulting in GGPP depletion, which activates the p53 pathway and promotes cycle arrest or apoptosis.

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MicroRNA-874 targets phosphomevalonate kinase and inhibits cancer cell growth via the mevalonate pathway [bulkRNA-seq]

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E-GEOD-31812

Project description:Mutant p53 Disrupts Mammary Acinar Morphogenesis via the Mevalonate Pathway

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A feedforward loop between STAT1 and YAP1 stimulates lipid biosynthesis, accelerates tumor growth, and promotes chemotherapy resistance in mutant KRAS colorectal cancer.

Project description:In tumorous conditions, the transcription factor STAT1, traditionally recognized for its anti-tumor role in immunology, exhibits pro-survival characteristics, though the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Investigating STAT1's function in isogenic colorectal tumor cells with wild-type or mutant KRAS, we found that STAT1 specifically promotes the survival and proliferation of cells with mutant KRAS. Through gene expression profiling, we discovered a previously unknown role of STAT1 in upregulating sterol and lipid biosynthetic genes specifically in mutant KRAS cells. This effect is driven by STAT1’s phosphorylation at serine 727 and its cooperation with STAT3 and STAT5 for the transcriptional upregulation of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBP) 1 and 2, which boost de novo sterol and lipid biosynthesis. In mutant KRAS cells, STAT1 amplifies the mevalonate pathway, maintaining its serine 727 phosphorylation through the upregulation of RHO GTPase signaling and establishing a positive feedback loop through the transcription factors YAP1 and TEAD4, further driving lipid biosynthesis and tumor growth. Through xenograft tumor assays in mice, we discovered that the STAT1-YAP1 axis plays a role in mutant KRAS tumor cells' resistance to mevalonate pathway inhibitors, which can be overcome by pharmacologically targeting the YAP1-TEAD interaction. Additionally, the STAT1-YAP1 arm is essential for the intrinsic resistance to EGFR-targeting therapy in the mutant KRAS colon cancer cells. These findings indicate that the STAT1-YAP1 pathway plays a significant role in therapy resistance and presents a potential therapeutic target in mutant KRAS colorectal cancer. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression underlying genes commonly regulated by STAT1 and YAP1 in HCT116 cells.

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Project description:The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor, Rb, is implicated in luminal-B and basal-like breast carcinomas, yet its effect on mammary gland development and causal role in breast cancer subtypes remain undefined. Here we show that conditional deletion of Rb in mouse mammary epithelium led to expansion of the stem/progenitor cells and to focal acinar hyperplasia with squamous metaplasia. These uniform lesions progressed into histologically diverse, transplantable mammary adenocarcinomas and adenosquamous carcinomas with features of luminal-B or basal-like carcinomas. A subset of basal-like but none of the luminal-B tumors expressed mutant p53. These results demonstrate a causative role for Rb in the etiology of breast cancer subtypes and implicate p53 status as a determinant of tumor phenotype after Rb loss. Keywords: reference x sample Will be updated soon

2010-07-06 | E-GEOD-14457 | biostudies-arrayexpress

DBC1 regulates p53 stability via inhibition of CBP-dependent p53 polyubiquitination

Project description:The control of p53 protein stability is critical to its tumor suppressor functions. The CREB Binding Protein (CBP) transcriptional coactivator co-operates with MDM2 to maintain normally low physiologic p53 levels in cells via an exclusively cytoplasmic ‘E4’ polyubiquitination activity. Utilizing mass spectrometry to identify nuclear and cytoplasmic CBP interacting proteins that regulate compartmentalized CBP E4 activity, we identified Deleted in Breast Cancer 1 (DBC1) as a stoichiometric CBP-interacting protein that negatively regulates CBP–dependent p53 polyubiquitination, stabilizes p53, and augments p53-dependent apoptosis. TCGA analysis demonstrated that solid tumors often retain wild type p53 alleles in conjunction with DBC1 loss, supporting the hypothesis that DBC1 is selected for disruption during carcinogenesis as a surrogate for p53 functional loss. As DBC1 maintains p53 stability in the nucleus where p53 exerts its tumor suppressive transcriptional function, replacement of DBC1 functionality in DBC1-deleted tumors might also enhance p53 function and chemosensitivity for therapeutic benefit.

2019-11-13 | PXD012673 | Pride

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