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Comparative gene expression profiles on contrasting mealy phenotypes in peach fruits reveal candidate genes associated with fruit quality

ABSTRACT: Storage at low temperatures is one of the most used methods to prolong the life of postharvest peaches (Prunus persica (L) Batch.). However, fruit quality is adversely affected by the development of woolliness, a physiological disorder that is apparent when the fruit is ripened after prolonged periods of cold storage and is mainly manifested as loss of juice in the peaches. The aim of this study was to obtain a more detailed cohort of genes that underlie the wolliness in a segregating population with contrasting phenotypes of mealiness after being exposed to cold storage at 4 °C. For this, a transcriptomics approach was applied to fruits from a progeny of individuals accounted for 6% more juicy and woolly 6% over a 2 years. Our results suggest that not only genes related to the maintenance of cell wall architecture may contribute to the development of mealy phenotype. Based on its possible physiological process and differential pattern of expression transcriptomic profiles show that genes related to maintenance (modification I) and membrane fluidity account for the differences between fruits that exhibit contrasting phenotypes of mealiness. These genes may contribute to tolerance to cold during storage.

ORGANISM(S): Prunus persica

PROVIDER: GSE33027 | GEO | 2011/10/26

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA148015

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:A transcriptome analysis was applied on two peach (Prunus persica L.) cultivars with different sensitivity to low temperature regimes to identify cold-responsive genes that might be involved in tolerance to long low temperature storage. Peach fruit from ‘Morettini No2’ and ‘Royal Glory’, a sensitive and a tolerant, to chilling injury cultivars, respectively, were harvested at commercial maturity stage and allowed to ripen at room temperature (25°C) or subjected to 4 and 6-weeks of cold storage (0°C, 95% R.H.) followed by ripening at room temperature. Microarray experiments, employing the peach microarray platform (μ PEACH 1.0), were carried out by comparing harvested fruit against 4- and 6-week cold-stored fruit. The analysis identified 173 and 313 genes that were differentially expressed in ‘Morettini No2’ and ‘Royal Glory’ fruit after 4 weeks, respectively. However, the 6 weeks cold storage provoked a decrease in the total number of genes differentially expressed in both cultivars. RNA blot analysis validated the differential expression of certain genes showed in microarray data. Among these genes, two heat shock proteins (hsps), a putative β-D-xylosidase, an expansin, a dehydrin and a pathogenesis-related protein PR-4B precursor were induced during cold storage in both cultivars. The induction of hsps and the putative β-D-xylosidase appeared to be independent on the duration of postharvest treatment. On the other hand, transcript levels of lipoxygenase were quite constant during postharvest ripening, while a strong reduction or disappearance was observed after cold storage. A dehydration-induced RD22-like protein showed a reduction in the accumulation of transcripts during postharvest ripening independently on the temperature conditions. Overall, the current study shed some light on the molecular aspects of cold stress in peach fruit quality and identified some ripening and/or cold-induced genes which function need further elucidation.

Project description:Cold storage (CS) is widely used to extend fruit postharvest. In peach, chilling injuries may cause intense juice loss leading to a dry âwoollyâ texture of the fruit flesh. The disturbance, named woolliness, is associated to abnormal pectin metabolism and results in anatomical and physiological alterations. Application of gibberellic acid (GA) at the initial stages of pit hardening has been shown to impair woolliness incidence, however the mechanisms controlling the response remain unknown. We have employed genome wide transcription analyses to investigate the effects of GA application and CS of peaches. Approximately half (48.26%, 13846) of the investigated genes exhibited significant differential expression in response to the treatments. Gene ontology classes associated to cellular and developmental processes were overrepresented among the differentially regulated genes, whereas sequences classified in cell death and immune response categories were underrepresented. Gene set enrichment analyses demonstrated a predominant role of CS in repressing the transcription of genes associated to cell wall metabolism. In contrast, genes involved in hormone metabolism and signaling exhibited a more complex transcriptional response to the factors, indicating an extensive network of crosstalk between GA and low temperatures. Time course transcriptional profiling analyses also confirmed the involvement of cell wall metabolism genes in woolliness onset in peach. Overall, our results provide further insights on the mechanisms controlling the complex phenotypes associated to postharvest textural changes in peach. Four samples (CONT, CONTcs, GA3, GA3cs), each with three biological replicates (R1, R2 and R3), were analyzed. Control samples (CONT and CONTcs) consist of peach mesocarp not treated with GA3 at pit hardening, and either assayed at harvest (CONT) or after 15 days of cold storage (CONTcs). GA3 samples (GA3 and GA3cs) consist of peach mesocarp treated with GA3 at pit hardening, and either assayed at harvest (GA3) or after 15 days of cold storage (GA3cs).

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Comparative gene expression profiles on contrasting mealy phenotypes in peach fruits reveal candidate genes associated with fruit quality

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