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Characterization of late-stage Drosophila grainy head IM-allele (grhIM) mutant embryos

ABSTRACT: To determine the genes directly and indirectly under the control of the Grainy head transcription factor during late stages of Drosophila embryogenesis.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE34997 | GEO | 2012/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA151079

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Characterization of late-stage Drosophila grainy head IM-allele (grhIM) mutant embryos

Project description:To determine the genes directly and indirectly under the control of the Grainy head transcription factor during late stages of Drosophila embryogenesis. Total RNA from pre-larval (late stage 16 and early stage 17) grhIM homozygous (+; cn, grhIM, bw, sp; +) and wild-type (y; cn, bw, sp; +) embryos were compared.

2012-03-01 | E-GEOD-34997 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Developmentally regulated requirement for the conserved transcription factor Grainy head in determining chromatin accessibility

Project description:Pioneer transcription factors initiate changes in gene expression by binding to cis-regulatory modules and promoting chromatin accessibility. It is suggested that this activity is an essential first step in priming these sites for the binding of other factors. Nonetheless, it is unclear whether pioneering activity is always required when these factors are present during development. The highly conserved, essential transcription factor Grainy head was recently identified as a pioneer factor in Drosophila larval imaginal discs, yet Grainy head is present throughout development. To determine whether Grainy head maintains its pioneering role throughout development, we performed ATAC-seq on embryos lacking either maternal or zygotic Grainy head at three stages of development (stage 5, stage 6, and stage 15). Surprisingly, we discovered that neither maternal nor zygotic Grainy head are required for chromatin accessibility in early embryogenesis. Nonetheless, we find that Grainy head binding is correlated with some cis-regulatory modules that gain chromatin accessibility at gastrulation. Intriguingly, later in embryogenesis Grainy head gains a role in promoting chromatin accessibility. Additionally, we determined that Grainy head is able to remain bound to mitotic chromatin, like other pioneer factors, yet this ability is separate from its pioneering activity. Our data reveal that Grainy head pioneering activity is temporally, suggesting that other unidentified pioneer factors compensate for the loss of Grainy head.

2020-02-26 | GSE137075 | GEO

Genome-wide identification of Grainy head targets in Drosophila

Project description:Genome-wide identification of Grainy head targets in Drosophila

| PRJNA398021 | ENA

Characterization of Neurospora crassa ghh (NCU06095) mutant strains

Project description:To determine the genes directly and indirectly under the control of the Grainy-head homolog (GHH) transcription factor in Neurospora crassa Three different sample types (Aerial Hyphae & Conidia; Mycelia; or Whole Colonies) of both wild-type (FGSC #2489) and grainy-head homolog (FGSC #13563) strains of Neurospora crassa were subjected to transcriptome analyses to determine the genes differentially expressed in the ghh background compared to wild type.

2012-03-01 | E-GEOD-35017 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Characterization of Neurospora crassa ghh (NCU06095) mutant strains

Project description:To determine the genes directly and indirectly under the control of the Grainy-head homolog (GHH) transcription factor in Neurospora crassa

2012-03-01 | GSE35017 | GEO

Stable Binding of the Conserved Transcription Factor Grainy Head to Its Target Genes Throughout Drosophila melanogaster Development

Project description:It has been suggested that transcription factor binding is temporally dynamic, and that changes in binding determine transcriptional output. Nonetheless, this model is based on relatively few examples in which transcription factor binding has been assayed at multiple developmental stages. The essential transcription factor Grainy head (Grh) is conserved from fungi to humans, and controls epithelial development and barrier formation in numerous tissues. Drosophila melanogaster, which possess a single grainy head (grh) gene, provide an excellent system to study this conserved factor. To determine whether temporally distinct binding events allow Grh to control cell fate specification in different tissue types, we used a combination of ChIP-seq and RNA-seq to elucidate the gene regulatory network controlled by Grh during four stages of embryonic development (spanning stages 5-17) and in larval tissue. Contrary to expectations, we discovered that Grh remains bound to at least 1146 genomic loci over days of development. In contrast to this stable DNA occupancy, the subset of genes whose expression is regulated by Grh varies. Grh transitions from functioning primarily as a transcriptional repressor early in development to functioning predominantly as an activator later. Our data reveal that Grh binds to target genes well before the Grh-dependent transcriptional program commences, suggesting it sets the stage for subsequent recruitment of additional factors that execute stage-specific Grh functions.

2017-02-02 | GSE83305 | GEO

Genome-wide identification of Grainy head targets in Drosophila [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Grainy head (Grh) is a conserved transcription factor (TF) controlling epithelial differentiation and regeneration. To elucidate Grh functions, we identified embryonic Grh targets by ChIP-seq and gene expression analysis. We show that Grh controls hundreds of target genes. Repression or activation correlates with the distance of Grh binding sites to the transcription start sites of its targets. Analysis of 54 Grh-responsive enhancers during development and upon wounding suggests cooperation with distinct TFs in different contexts. In the airways, Grh repressed genes encode key TFs involved in branching and cell differentiation. Reduction of the POU-domain TF, Vvl, (ventral veins lacking) largely ameliorates the airway morphogenesis defects of grh mutants. Vvl and Grh proteins additionally interact with each other and regulate a set of common enhancers during epithelial morphogenesis. We conclude that Grh and Vvl participate in a regulatory network controlling epithelial maturation.

2017-08-12 | GSE102550 | GEO

Genome-wide identification of Grainy head targets in Drosophila [gene expression]

2017-08-12 | GSE102549 | GEO

Developmentally regulated requirement for the conserved transcription factor Grainy head in determining chromatin accessibility

Project description:Developmentally regulated requirement for the conserved transcription factor Grainy head in determining chromatin accessibility

| PRJNA564514 | ENA

Perturbed desmosomal cadherin expression in grainy head-like 1-null mice.

Project description:In Drosophila, the grainy head (grh) gene plays a range of key developmental roles through the regulation of members of the cadherin gene family. We now report that mice lacking the grh homologue grainy head-like 1 (Grhl1) exhibit hair and skin phenotypes consistent with a reduction in expression of the genes encoding the desmosomal cadherin, desmoglein 1 (Dsg1). Grhl1-null mice show an initial delay in coat growth, and older mice exhibit hair loss as a result of poor anchoring of the hair shaft in the follicle. The mice also develop palmoplantar keratoderma, analogous to humans with DSG1 mutations. Sequence analysis, DNA binding, and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrate that the human and mouse Dsg1 promoters are direct targets of GRHL1. Ultrastructural analysis reveals reduced numbers of abnormal desmosomes in the interfollicular epidermis. These findings establish GRHL1 as an important regulator of the Dsg1 genes in the context of hair anchorage and epidermal differentiation, and suggest that cadherin family genes are key targets of the grainy head-like genes across 700 million years of evolution.

| S-EPMC2274933 | biostudies-literature

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