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The regulon of the pleiotropic transcription factor Spx in Bacillus subtilis

ABSTRACT: The transcriptional regulator Spx plays a key role in maintaining the redox homeostasis of Bacillus subtilis cells exposed to disulfide stress. Defects in Spx were previously shown to lead to differential expression of numerous genes but direct and indirect regulatory effects could not be distinguished. Wild-type strain and spx mutant cells exposed or not to diamide stress were subjected to tiling array gene expression analysis. To distinguish direct and indirect effects, the genomic sites bound by the Spx-RNAP complex were mapped using a chromatine immunoprecipitation approach. This allowed the identification of 144 transcription units comprising 275 genes under direct Spx regulation.

ORGANISM(S): Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis str. 168

PROVIDER: GSE35097 | GEO | 2012/09/06

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA150883

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The regulon of the pleiotropic transcription factor Spx in Bacillus subtilis

Project description:The transcriptional regulator Spx plays a key role in maintaining the redox homeostasis of Bacillus subtilis cells exposed to disulfide stress. Defects in Spx were previously shown to lead to differential expression of numerous genes but direct and indirect regulatory effects could not be distinguished. Wild-type strain and spx mutant cells exposed or not to diamide stress were subjected to tiling array gene expression analysis. To distinguish direct and indirect effects, the genomic sites bound by the Spx-RNAP complex were mapped using a chromatine immunoprecipitation approach. This allowed the identification of 144 transcription units comprising 275 genes under direct Spx regulation. This data set contains 4 samples. Immunoprecipitated (IP) DNA from Bacillus subtilis Bas044 strain (BSB1, a tryptophan-prototrophic derivative 168 strain expressing a SPA-tagged Spx protein) were extracted from bacterial cultures in absence or presence of diamide. IP and whole cell extract DNA were hybridized on tiling array to generate ChIP-on-chip profiles. Two biological replicates were analyzed.

2012-09-06 | E-GEOD-35097 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Phenotype Enhancement Screen of a Regulatory spx Mutant Unveils a Role for the ytpQ Gene in the Control of Iron Homeostasis.

Project description:Spx is a global regulator of genes that are induced by disulfide stress in Bacillus subtilis. Most of the Spx-regulated genes (SRGs) are of unknown function, but many encode products conserved in low %GC Gram positive bacteria. Using a gene-disruption library of B. subtilis genomic mutations, the SRGs were screened for phenotypes related to Spx-controlled activities, such as growth in minimal medium and sensitivity to methylglyoxal, but nearly all of the SRG mutations showed little if any phenotype. To uncover SRG function, the mutations were rescreened in an spx mutant background to determine which mutant SRG allele would enhance the spx mutant phenotype. One of the SRGs, ytpQ, was the site of a mutation that, when combined with an spx null mutation, elevated the severity of the Spx mutant phenotype, as shown by reduced growth in a minimal medium and by hypersensitivity to methylglyoxal. Proteomic and transcriptomic data indicated that the ytpQ mutation caused the derepression of the Fur and PerR regulons, as well as heightened LexA-controlled gene expression. Our study suggests that the ytpQ gene, encoding a conserved DUF1444 protein, functions directly or indirectly in repairing or stabilizing Fe-bearing proteins, which are sensitive to thiol reactive agents and, therefore, likely influenced by Spx-controlled genes.

2011-10-25 | GSE28872 | GEO

Comparison of the transcription profile of B. subtilis clpX strain with B. subtilis clpX spx strain, reporting on Spx activity

Project description:In B. subtilis the unusual transcription factor Spx controls the thiol stress response regulon (Nakano et al 2003 PNAS 100:13603; Rochat et a. 2012 NAR 40:9751). Under normal growth conditions Spx is constantly degraded by the AAA+ protease complex ClpXP (Nakano et al 2001 MolMi 42:383). Comparing a B. subtilis clpX strain, where Spx levels are high, with a B. subtilis clpX spx double mutant strain which lacks Spx, will report on Spx dependent transcriptional control. We prepared total RNA of exponentially grown B. subtilis clpX and of B. subtilis clpX spx cells.

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Phenotype Enhancement Screen of a Regulatory spx Mutant Unveils a Role for the ytpQ Gene in the Control of Iron Homeostasis.

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Comparison of the transcription profile of B. subtilis clpX strain with B. subtilis clpX spx strain, reporting on Spx activity

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Streptococcus mutans UA159 vs. spx mutant strains

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SPX domain proteins are agents of inositol pyrophosphate toxicosis in fission yeast

Project description:SPX domain proteins are agents of inositol pyrophosphate toxicosis in fission yeast

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Diamide-based screening method for isolation of improved oxidative stress tolerance phenotypes in Bacillus mutant libraries

Project description:The bacterium Bacillus subtilis is of high importance both as a model organism for Gram-positive bacteria and as an industrial work horse in the production of biomolecules. In recent years, advancements have been made to engineer the bacterium even further towards industrial applications. In this study, we present a novel screening method for mutant libraries using diamide, an oxidising agent that binds free thiols and creates disulfide bonds between them, thereby causing a so-called ‘disulfide stress’ in bacteria. The method shows promise to selectively identify phenotypes in B. subtilis with improved tolerance towards oxidative and disulfide-associated stress. Phenotypes initially identified by transposon mutagenesis were recreated through targeted gene deletions. Among the resulting deletion mutants, the largest difference in diamide tolerance compared to the parental strain was observed for pfkA and ribT deletion strains. A proteomics analysis showed that that diamide tolerance can be achieved through different routes involving increased expression of stress management proteins and reduced availability or activity of the RNA degradosome. We conclude that our screening method allows the facile identification of Bacillus strains with improved oxidative stress tolerance phenotypes

2023-09-25 | PXD041512 | Pride

Genome-wide identification of genes directly regulated by the pleiotropic transcription factor Spx in Bacillus subtilis.

Project description:The transcriptional regulator Spx plays a key role in maintaining the redox homeostasis of Bacillus subtilis cells exposed to disulfide stress. Defects in Spx were previously shown to lead to differential expression of numerous genes but direct and indirect regulatory effects could not be distinguished. Here we identified 283 discrete chromosomal sites potentially bound by the Spx-RNA polymerase (Spx-RNAP) complex using chromatin immunoprecipitation of Spx. Three quarters of these sites were located near Sigma(A)-dependent promoters, and upon diamide treatment, the fraction of the Spx-RNAP complex increased in parallel with the number and occupancy of DNA sites. Correlation of Spx-RNAP-binding sites with gene differential expression in wild-type and Δspx strains exposed or not to diamide revealed that 144 transcription units comprising 275 genes were potentially under direct Spx regulation. Spx-controlled promoters exhibited an extended -35 box in which nucleotide composition at the -43/-44 positions strongly correlated with observed activation. In vitro transcription confirmed activation by oxidized Spx of seven newly identified promoters, of which one was also activated by reduced Spx. Our study globally characterized the Spx regulatory network, revealing its role in the basal expression of some genes and its complex interplay with other stress responses.

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The impacts of the Spx regulator and H2O2 stress on the transcriptome of Streptococcus mutans

Project description:As a resident of the oral cavity, Streptococcus mutans must withstand a variety of stresses, including oxidative stress. Previously, we reported the identification of two Spx homologues (SpxA1 and SpxA2) in Streptococcus mutans that appear critical in the ability of the microbe to tolerate oxidative stresses; SpxA1 was shown to play a primary role in activation of detoxification strategies whereas SpxA2 served as a secondary activator. Here, we used RNA deep sequencing (RNA-Seq) to examine the transcriptional changes associated with H2O2 stress in the parent S. mutans strain UA159 and to compare the peroxide-stress transcriptome of UA159 with its Δspx derivatives. The transcriptome data confirmed the relationship between SpxA1 and genes typically associated with oxidative stress responses, but also identified new genes and metabolic pathways that are activated during peroxide stress, also in an SpxA1-dependent manner.

2017-05-08 | GSE98526 | GEO

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