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DNA Methylome in Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes

ABSTRACT: Purpose: We characterized genome-wide DNA methylation profiles (methylome) in purified peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) from 18 healthy postmenopausal Caucasian females aged 50-56 years. Methods: DNA methylome of Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes were generated by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with high-throughput sequencing (MeDIP-seq), using Illumina GAIIx. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed using MEDIPS package. Targeted methylation validation analysis was performed by using MassARRAY EpiTYPER assays. Genome-wide gene expression profiles have been obtained for 7 of the 18 subjects by using Affymetrix 1.0 Human Exon ST arrays following the manufacturer's recommended protocols. Results: Using MeDIP-seq,a total of approximately 283 million reads were uniquely aligned to human genome (Build NCBI37, HG19), resulting in average ~16 million uniquely aligned high quality reads per sample. Distinct patterns were revealed at different genomic features. For instance, promoters were commonly (~58%) found to be unmethylated; whereas protein coding regions were largely (~84%) methylated. We found that approximately 24% CpG islands (CGIs) were highly methylated in PBMs. Further characterization of CGIs with respect to their relative locations to RefSeq genes revealed that the highly methylated CGIs were largely enriched (~89%) in CGIs located in gene bodies and intergenic regions. By integration of the methylome data with genome-wide PBM gene expression data, we found negative correlation between promoter methylation levels and gene transcription levels when comparing groups of genes with different expression levels, and this relationship was consistently observed across promoters with high to low CpG densities. Furthermore, we observed a modest but significant excess (permutation p<0.0001) of genes showing negative correlation between inter-individual promoter methylation and transcription levels, particularly for genes associated with CpG-rich promoters. Across the 18 individual PBM methylomes, we also identified genomic regions that were constitutively highly methylated in PBMs as well as regions showing large inter-individual variability. Conclusions: This study represents a comprehensive analysis of the PBM methylome and our data provides a valuable resource for future epigenomic and multi-omic studies exploring biological and disease-related regulatory mechanisms in PBMs.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE39604 | GEO | 2013/07/24

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA171224

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Purpose: We characterized genome-wide DNA methylation profiles (methylome) in purified peripheral blood monocytes (PBMs) from 18 healthy postmenopausal Caucasian females aged 50-56 years. Methods: DNA methylome of Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes were generated by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation combined with high-throughput sequencing (MeDIP-seq), using Illumina GAIIx. The sequence reads that passed quality filters were analyzed using MEDIPS package. Targeted methylation validation analysis was performed by using MassARRAY EpiTYPER assays. Genome-wide gene expression profiles have been obtained for 7 of the 18 subjects by using Affymetrix 1.0 Human Exon ST arrays following the manufacturer's recommended protocols. Results: Using MeDIP-seq,a total of approximately 283 million reads were uniquely aligned to human genome (Build NCBI37, HG19), resulting in average ~16 million uniquely aligned high quality reads per sample. Distinct patterns were revealed at different genomic features. For instance, promoters were commonly (~58%) found to be unmethylated; whereas protein coding regions were largely (~84%) methylated. We found that approximately 24% CpG islands (CGIs) were highly methylated in PBMs. Further characterization of CGIs with respect to their relative locations to RefSeq genes revealed that the highly methylated CGIs were largely enriched (~89%) in CGIs located in gene bodies and intergenic regions. By integration of the methylome data with genome-wide PBM gene expression data, we found negative correlation between promoter methylation levels and gene transcription levels when comparing groups of genes with different expression levels, and this relationship was consistently observed across promoters with high to low CpG densities. Furthermore, we observed a modest but significant excess (permutation p<0.0001) of genes showing negative correlation between inter-individual promoter methylation and transcription levels, particularly for genes associated with CpG-rich promoters. Across the 18 individual PBM methylomes, we also identified genomic regions that were constitutively highly methylated in PBMs as well as regions showing large inter-individual variability. Conclusions: This study represents a comprehensive analysis of the PBM methylome and our data provides a valuable resource for future epigenomic and multi-omic studies exploring biological and disease-related regulatory mechanisms in PBMs. DNA methylome of human peripheral blood monocytes were generated by MeDIP-seq, using Illumina GAIIx.

Project description:<p>Aberrant DNA methylation changes are known to occur during prostate cancer progression beginning with precursor lesions. Utilizing fifty nanograms of genomic DNA in Methylplex-Next Generation Sequencing (M-NGS) we mapped the global DNA methylation patterns in prostate tissues (n=17) and cells (n=2). Peaks were located from mapped reads obtained in each sequencing run using a Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based algorithm previously used for Chip-Seq data analysis(<a href="http://www.sph.umich.edu/csg/qin/HPeak">http://www.sph.umich.edu/csg/qin/HPeak</a>). The total methylation events in intergenic/intronic regions between benign adjacent and cancer tissues were comparable. Promoter CGI methylation gradually increased from -12.6% in benign samples to 19.3% and 21.8% in localized and metastatic cancer tissues and approximately 20% of all CpG islands (CGIs) (68,508) were methylated in tissues. We observed distinct patterns in promoter methylation around transcription start sites, where methylation occurred directly on the CGIs, flanking regions and on CGI sparse promoters. Among the 6,691 methylated promoters in prostate tissues, 2481 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are cancer specific and several previously studied targets were among them. A novel cancer specific DMR in WFDC2 promoter showed 77% methylation in cancer (17/22), 100% methylation in transformed prostate cell lines (6/6), none in the benign tissues (0/10) and normal PrEC cells. Integration of LNCaP DNA methylation and H3K4me3 data suggested a role for DNA methylation in alternate transcription start site utilization. While methylated promoters containing CGIs had mutually exclusive H3K4me3 modification, the histone mark was absent in CGI sparse promoters. Finally, we observed difference in methylation of LINE-1 elements between transcription factor ERG positive and negative cancers. The comprehensive methylome map presented here will further our understanding of epigenetic regulation of the prostate cancer genome. Overall Design: We mapped the global DNA methylation patterns in prostate tissues (n=17) and cells (n=2) from fifty nanograms of genomic DNA using Methylplex-Next Generation Sequencing (M-NGS). For replicate analysis in cell lines, a total of 4 runs were completed for PrEC prostate normal cell line, and 5 runs were completed for LNCaP prostate cancer cell line. For tissue samples, 2 benign prostate samples were sequenced twice on Illumina next generation sequencing platform to access overall repeatability of M-NGS.</p>

Project description:Chicken growth traits are important in poultry production, however, little is known for its regulatory mechanism at epigenetic level. Therefore, this study aims to compare DNA methylation profiles between fast- and slow-growing broilers in order to identify candidate genes underlying chicken growth. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-seq) was used to investigate the genome-wide DNA methylation pattern in high and low tails of Recessive White Rock (WRRh, WRRl) and that of Xinhua Chickens (XHh, XHl). The results showed that the average of methylation density was the lowest in CGIs followed by promoters. Within the gene body, the methylation density of introns was higher than UTRs and exons. Moreover, different methylation levels were observed in different repeat types with the highest in LINE/CR1. Methylated CGIs were prominently distributed in the intergenic regions and were enriched in the size range of 200-300 bp. In total 13,294 methylated genes were found in four samples, including 4,085 differentially methylated genes between WRRh and WRRl, 5,599 between XHh and XHl, 4,204 between WRRh and XHh, as well as 7,301 between WRRl and XHl. Moreover, 132 differentially methylated genes related to growth and metabolism were observed in both inner contrasts (WRRh Vs. WRRl and XHh Vs. XHl), whereas 129 differentially methylated genes related to growth and metabolism were found in both across-breed contrasts (WRRh Vs. XHh and WRRl Vs. XHl). Further analysis showed that overall 75 genes exhibited altered DNA methylation in all four contrasts, which included some well-known growth factors of IGF1R, FGF12, FGF14, FGF18, FGFR2, and FGFR3. In addition, we further validate the MeDIP-seq results by bisulfite sequencing in some regions. 12 Breast muscle samples were collected from two breeds of different growth rate, Recessive White Rock (WRR) and Xinhua Chickens (XH). Each breed included low and high-weight groups and 3 samples from each group were pooled equally for methylated DNA immunoprecipitation-sequencing (MeDIP-seq).

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DNA Methylome in Human Peripheral Blood Monocytes

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