Integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic analysis of primary human lung cell differentiation (ChIP-Seq)
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE40394 | GEO | 2013/04/15
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA173869
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Analysis of gene expression during differentiation of alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells into AT1 cells. Timepoints taken at Day 0 (AT2 cell), Days 2, 4, and 6 in culture (differentiating) and Day 8 in culture (AT1-like cells). 1ug of RNA was subjected to cRNA conversion using Illumina TotalPrep RNA kit and hybridized to the HT12v4 array Analysis of gene expression during differentiation of alveolar epithelial type 2 (AT2) cells into AT1 cells
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2013-04-15 | GSE38570 | GEO
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2013-04-15 | GSE38569 | GEO
Project description:Alveoli are thin-walled sacs that serve as the gas exchange units of the lung. They are affected in devastating lung diseases including COPD, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, and the major form (adenocarcinoma) of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths. The alveolar epithelium is composed of two morphologically distinct cell types: alveolar type (AT) 1 cells, exquisitely thin cells across which oxygen diffuses to reach the blood, and AT2 cells, specialized surfactant-secreting cells. Classical studies suggested that AT1 cells arise from AT2 cells during development and following injury, but more recent studies suggest other sources. Here we use histological and marker analysis, lineage tracing, and clonal analysis in mice to identify alveolar progenitor and stem cells and map their locations and potential in vivo. The results show that AT1 and AT2 cells arise independently during development from a bipotential progenitor. After birth, new AT1 cells derive from rare, long-lived, self-renewing AT2 cells, each producing a slowly expanding clonal focus of regenerated alveoli contiguous with the founder AT2 cell. This stem cell function of AT2 cells is broadly activated by diffuse AT1 cell injury, and AT2 self-renewal can be induced in vitro by EGF ligands and permanently activated in vivo by AT2 cell-specific targeting of the oncogenic KrasG12D allele, efficiently transforming AT2 cells into monoclonal adenomatous tumors that rapidly enlarge and prove fatal. Thus, there is a developmental switch in alveolar progenitor cells after birth, when mature AT2 cells function as facultative stem cells that contribute to local alveolar renewal, repair, and cancer. We propose that short-range signals from dying AT1 cells regulate AT2 stem cell activity: a signal transduced by EGFR-KRAS controls AT2 self-renewal and is hijacked during oncogenic transformation, and a separate signal controls reprogramming to AT1 cell fate. To compare expression between ATII and E18 BP populations, RNA was isolated from either population purified by FACS. Two populations are analyzed with 3 biological replicates per population.
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Project description:The pulmonary alveolar epithelium which play key role in lung biological function is mainly composed of two types of epithelial cells: alveolar type I (AT1) and type II (AT2) cells. We know very little about developmental heterogeneity of the AT1 cell population. By using 10X genomics “Chromium Single Cell” technology, we performed single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq) analyses of AT1 cells at postnatal day 3 (P3), P15, and P60, along with AT2 cells (P60) in mice. Our study identified a robust new genetic marker (Igfbp2) of postnatal AT1 cells. The study also provided the transcriptome information of AT1 cells during alveologensis.
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Project description:Following lung injury, alveolar regeneration is characterized by the transformation of alveolar type 2 (AT2) cells, via a transitional KRT8+ state, into alveolar type 1 (AT1) cells. In lung disease, dysfunctional intermediate cells accumulate, AT1 cells are diminished and fibrosis occurs. Using single cell RNA sequencing datasets of human interstitial lung disease, we found that interleukin-11 (IL11) is specifically expressed in aberrant KRT8 expressing KRT5-/KRT17+ and basaloid cells. Stimulation of AT2 cells with IL11 or TGFβ1 caused EMT, induced KRT8+ and stalled AT1 differentiation, with TGFβ1 effects being IL11 dependent. In bleomycin injured mouse lung, IL11 was increased in AT2-derived KRT8+ cells and deletion of Il11ra1 in lineage labeled AT2 cells reduced KRT8+ expression, enhanced AT1 differentiation and promoted alveolar regeneration, which was replicated in therapeutic studies using anti-IL11. These data show that IL11 maintains AT2 cells in a dysfunctional transitional state, impairs AT1 differentiation and blocks alveolar regeneration across species.
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Project description:Alveoli are thin-walled sacs that serve as the gas exchange units of the lung. They are affected in devastating lung diseases including COPD, Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, and the major form (adenocarcinoma) of lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer deaths. The alveolar epithelium is composed of two morphologically distinct cell types: alveolar type (AT) 1 cells, exquisitely thin cells across which oxygen diffuses to reach the blood, and AT2 cells, specialized surfactant-secreting cells. Classical studies suggested that AT1 cells arise from AT2 cells during development and following injury, but more recent studies suggest other sources. Here we use histological and marker analysis, lineage tracing, and clonal analysis in mice to identify alveolar progenitor and stem cells and map their locations and potential in vivo. The results show that AT1 and AT2 cells arise independently during development from a bipotential progenitor. After birth, new AT1 cells derive from rare, long-lived, self-renewing AT2 cells, each producing a slowly expanding clonal focus of regenerated alveoli contiguous with the founder AT2 cell. This stem cell function of AT2 cells is broadly activated by diffuse AT1 cell injury, and AT2 self-renewal can be induced in vitro by EGF ligands and permanently activated in vivo by AT2 cell-specific targeting of the oncogenic KrasG12D allele, efficiently transforming AT2 cells into monoclonal adenomatous tumors that rapidly enlarge and prove fatal. Thus, there is a developmental switch in alveolar progenitor cells after birth, when mature AT2 cells function as facultative stem cells that contribute to local alveolar renewal, repair, and cancer. We propose that short-range signals from dying AT1 cells regulate AT2 stem cell activity: a signal transduced by EGFR-KRAS controls AT2 self-renewal and is hijacked during oncogenic transformation, and a separate signal controls reprogramming to AT1 cell fate.
2014-03-07 | GSE49346 | GEO