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The Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome in response to Agrobacterium tumefaciens

ABSTRACT: The pathogen Agrobacterium tumefaciens infects a broad range of plants, introducing the T-DNA into their genome. Contrary to all known bacterial phyto-pathogens, Agrobacterium lacks the hypersensitive response-inducing HRP genes although it introduces numerous proteins into the plant cell through a type IV secretion system. To understand the timing and extent of the plant transcriptional response to this unusual pathogen, we used an Arabidopsis 26-thousand gene oligonucleotide microarray. We inoculated Arabidopsis cell cultures with an oncogenic strain of Agrobacterium and analyzed four biological replicates to identify two robust sets of regulated genes, one induced and the other suppressed. In both cases, the response was distinct at 48 hours after infection, but not at 24 hours or earlier. The induced set includes genes encoding known defense proteins, the repressed set is enriched with genes characteristic of cell proliferation even though a growth arrest was not visible in the inoculated cultures. The analysis of the repressed genes revealed that the conserved upstream regulatory elements Frankiebox (a.k.a. “site II”) and Telobox are associated with the suppression of gene expression. The regulated gene sets should be useful in dissecting the signaling pathways in this plant-pathogen interaction. Keywords: Time-course of Agrobacterium infection

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE4116 | GEO | 2006/01/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA95029

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst) is a virulent pathogen, which causes disease on tomato and Arabidopsis. The type III secretion system (TTSS) plays a key role in pathogenesis by translocating virulence effectors from the bacteria into the plant host cell, while the phytotoxin coronatine (COR) contributes to virulence and disease symptom development. Recent studies suggest that both the TTSS and and COR are involved in the suppression of host basal defenses. However, little is known about the interplay between the host gene expression associated with basal defenses and the virulence activities of the TTSS and COR during infection. The global effects of the TTSS and COR on host gene expression associated with other host cellular processes during bacterial infection are also not well characterized. In this study, we used the Affymetrix full genome chip to determine the Arabidopsis transcriptome associated with basal defense to Pst DC3000 hrp mutants and the human pathogenic bacterium Escherichia coli O157:H7. We then used Pst DC3000 virulence mutants to characterize Arabidopsis transcriptional responses to the action of hrp-regulated virulence factors (e.g., TTSS and COR) during bacterial infection. Additionally, we used bacterial fliC mutants to assess the role of the PAMP flagellin in induction of basal defense-associated transcriptional responses. In total, our global gene expression analysis identified more than 5000 Arabidopsis genes that are reproducibly regulated more than 2-fold in three independent biological replicates of at least one type of comparison. Regulation of these genes provides a molecular signature for Arabidopsis basal defense to plant and human pathogenic bacteria, and illustrates both common and distinct global virulence effects of the TTSS, COR, and possibly other hrp-regulated virulence factors during Pst DC3000 infection. Experimenter name = William Underwood Experimenter phone = 517-353-9182 Experimenter fax = 517-353-9168 Experimenter address = Michigan State University Experimenter address = 222 Plant Biology Building Experimenter address = 178 Wilson R.d. Experimenter address = East Lansing, MI Experimenter zip/postal_code = 48824 Experimenter country = USA Keywords: pathogenicity_design

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The Arabidopsis thaliana transcriptome in response to Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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