NF639 cells original population vs EGCG-resistant population
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE4140 | GEO | 2006/06/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA94987
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor family member Her-2/neu in breast cancer leads to autophosphorylation of the receptor, and induction of multiple downstream signaling pathways including Akt kinase to NF-ï«B cascade that is associated with poor prognosis. Previously, we demonstrated green tea polyhenol epigallocatechin 3-gallate (EGCG) inhibits growth of NF639 Her-2/neu-driven breast cancer cells via reducing receptor autophosphorylation, and downstream Akt and NF-ï«B activities (Pianetti et al., 2002). Interestingly, we noted that upon prolonged culture in the presence of EGCG some cells developed resistance to the polyphenol. Here we report that resistant cells have lost tyrosine phosphorylation on the Her-2/neu receptor. Surprisingly, they displayed elevated NF-ï«B activity, and inhibition of this activity sensitized cells to EGCG. Data from microarray analysis of the original and resistant NF639 populations of cells were subjected to Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) pathway analysis, which revealed that the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway was activated in the resistant cells. Treatment of the resistant cells with a combination of EGCG and the MAPK inhibitor U0216 dramatically reduced colony growth and mesenchymal phenotype. Thus, activation of the MAPK pathway mediates resistance to EGCG. Our studies suggest that gene expression profiling of drug resistant cells may provide a mechanism of determining effective systemic therapies for treatment of these advanced cancers. Experiment Overall Design: Total RNA from original NF639 cells and EGCG resistant NF639 cells were harvested using the UltraspecII RNA isolation kit (Biotecx), following the manufacturerâs instruction. The RNA samples were submitted to Boston University Microarray Resource for microarray hybridization using Affymetrix Mouse 430A 2.0 chips. RNAs from two independent experiments were analyzed and data pooled for computational analysis.
2008-06-13 | E-GEOD-4140 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is one of the most common malignant lymphomas. It is characterized by the presence of rare Hodgkin and Reed/Sternberg (HRS) cells embedded in an extensive inflammatory infiltrate. Constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in HRS cells which transcriptionally regulates expression of multiple anti-apoptotic factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cHL (1, 2). In non-stimulated condition, NF-kappaB proteins are rendered inactive by binding to their inhibitors (IkappaB s), which sequester them in the cytoplasm. Stimulation of multiple receptors activates the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex that phosphorylates IkappaB at two specific serine residues, followed by its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby releasing NF-kappaB proteins and allowing their nuclear translocation (3). Recently, two studies provided further insights into the molecular mechanisms of IKK activation upon TNF stimulation (4, 5). Activation of the IKK complex and subsequent NF-kappaB activation requires Lys63 polyubiquitination of RIP1, a kinase which is recruited to the receptor upon TNF stimulation. IKK-gamma (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of the IKK complex, specifically recognizes these Lys63-linked polyubiquitins attached to RIP1 and thereby activates IKK and NF-kappaB (4, 5). A20 is an ubiquitin-modifying enzyme that inhibits NF-kappaB activation in succession of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor and Toll-like receptor induced signals (6-8). This enzyme removes Lys63 linked ubiquitin chains from RIP1 and adds Lys48 polyubiquitins to RIP1, thereby targeting this factor for proteasomal degradation, thus explaining the molecular mechanism of NF-kappaB inhibition by A20 (6). A20 likely inhibits NF-kappaB acitivity also by additional means, including interaction with TRAF1 and TRAF2 (9).
2009-03-24 | GSE15264 | GEO
Project description:Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) is one of the most common malignant lymphomas. It is characterized by the presence of rare Hodgkin and Reed/Sternberg (HRS) cells embedded in an extensive inflammatory infiltrate. Constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) in HRS cells which transcriptionally regulates expression of multiple anti-apoptotic factors and pro-inflammatory cytokines plays a central role in the pathogenesis of cHL (1, 2). In non-stimulated condition, NF-kappaB proteins are rendered inactive by binding to their inhibitors (IkappaB s), which sequester them in the cytoplasm. Stimulation of multiple receptors activates the IkappaB kinase (IKK) complex that phosphorylates IkappaB at two specific serine residues, followed by its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby releasing NF-kappaB proteins and allowing their nuclear translocation (3). Recently, two studies provided further insights into the molecular mechanisms of IKK activation upon TNF stimulation (4, 5). Activation of the IKK complex and subsequent NF-kappaB activation requires Lys63 polyubiquitination of RIP1, a kinase which is recruited to the receptor upon TNF stimulation. IKK-ï§ï (NEMO), the regulatory subunit of the IKK complex, specifically recognizes these Lys63-linked polyubiquitins attached to RIP1 and thereby activates IKK and NF-kappaB (4, 5). A20 is an ubiquitin-modifying enzyme that inhibits NF-kappaB activation in succession of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor and Toll-like receptor induced signals (6-8). This enzyme removes Lys63 linked ubiquitin chains from RIP1 and adds Lys48 polyubiquitins to RIP1, thereby targeting this factor for proteasomal degradation, thus explaining the molecular mechanism of NF-kappaB inhibition by A20 (6). A20 likely inhibits NF-kappaB acitivity also by additional means, including interaction with TRAF1 and TRAF2 (9). SNP 6.0 array (Affymetrix) analyses were performed according to the manufacturer's directions on DNA extracted from three Hodgkin cell lines (L1236, HDLM-2, U-HO1), HapMap samples included in the Genotyping Console Software 3.0 were used as references.
2010-05-20 | E-GEOD-15264 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In effort to develop methodology for targeted top down mass spectrometry of NF kappa B p65 from human cells, we evaluated the utility of HaloTag for purification and analysis of recombinant protein. During our study, two datasets of bottom up LC-MS/MS were generated: one from in-gel digestion of the predominant band following p65-HaloTag purification, another from in-solution digestion of all the proteins present in a p65-HaloTag purification. p65-HaloTag copurifying proteins identified in our datasets include the known interactors c-Rel, NF-kappaB p105, NF-kappaB p100, and NF-kappaB inhibitor beta. Over 100 proteins were identified by at least two peptides using a Mascot ion cut-off score of 30.
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Project description:ErbB-2 overexpression and amplification occurs in 15 - 30% of human invasive breast carcinomas associated with poor clinical prognosis. Previously, we have demonstrated that four ErbB-2/Neu tyrosine-autophosphorylation sites within the cytoplasmic tail of the receptor recruit distinct adaptor proteins and are sufficient to mediate transforming signals in vitro. Two of these sites representing the Grb2 (Neu-YB) and Shc (Neu-YD) binding sites can induce mammary tumourigenesis and metastasis. Here we show that Neu-YC and Neu-YE transgenic mice develop metastatic mammary tumours. A detailed comparison of pathological and transcriptional profiles among all Neu mutant mouse models revealed that Neu-YC, -YD and -YE mammary tumours shared similar pathological and transcriptional features correlating with their capacity to signal through a common adaptor like Shc. In contrast, the Neu-YB mouse model displayed a unique pathology with a high metastatic potential that correlates with a distinct transcriptional profile. We identified genes specifically expressed in YB-induced mammary tumours, including CXCL12/SDF-1α that promotes malignant tumour progression. Furthermore, Neu-YB tumour epithelial cells showed abundant intracellular CXCL12/SDF-1α protein, which may reflect the more aggressive phenotype among all Neu mutant mouse models. These findings indicate that activation of distinct Neu-coupled signalling pathways has a deep impact on the biological behaviour of Neu-induced tumours. Keywords: genetic modification, Neu mutant mouse models, mammary tumor
2007-08-15 | GSE7595 | GEO
Project description:The tumor microenvironment (TME) typically includes hypoxic regions. Hypoxic cancer cells are resistant to many anti-neoplastic therapies and can seed recurrence; consequently, understanding how they survive could yield new therapeutic strategies. In response to decreasing oxygen, cells are known to successively activate hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF1alpha), endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK). We previously identified an additional pathway in which the protein-tyrosine phosphatase PTP1B (encoded by PTPN1) prevents the death of HER2+ breast cancer cells exposed to severe hypoxia (O2<1%) by inhibiting RNF213, a large (~600 kDa) E3 ubiquitin ligase containing two functional AAA-ATPase domains and two ubiquitin ligase domains (RING and RZ) that also is implicated in Moyamoya disease (MMD), lipotoxicity, and innate immunity. These findings provided a potential explanation for earlier observations that Ptpn1-/- mice are resistant to Neu (rodent HER2)-induced breast cancer, but how PTP1B regulates RNF213, the identity(ies) of RNF213 targets, the mechanism of cell death, and the relevance to other RNF213 actions remained unclear. Via proximity-based proteomics, we identified the CYLD-SPATA2 complex, a major negative regulator of NF-kappaB activation, as an RNF213 substrate critical for hypoxia-induced cell death. Here we show that PTP1B and ABL1/2 reciprocally control the phosphorylation of RNF213 on Tyrosine-1275. Phosphorylation of this site promotes RNF213 oligomerization, resulting in RZ domain activation, LUBAC complex-dependent ubiquitylation and degradation of the CYLD/SPATA2 deubiquitinase complex, and NF-kappaB activation. NF-kappaB induces NLRP3 inflammasome priming, and concomitant hypoxia-induced ER stress triggers inflammasome activation, resulting in pyroptotic cell death. Mutagenesis experiments show that the RNF213 RING negatively regulates the RZ domain, and RING domain mutants, including those associated with MMD, catalyze LUBAC-independent CYLD/SPATA2 degradation. Our results identify a novel PTP1B/RNF213/CYLD/SPATA2 pathway responsible for the pyroptotic death of hypoxic tumor cells, reveal new insights into RNF213 regulation, and have potentially important implications for the pathogenesis of MMD, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory and auto-immune disorders. The mass spectrometry raw files for the phosphorylation identification and proximity labeling results are included here.
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2010-06-22 | GSE22373 | GEO
Project description:Mitochondrial DNA-depleted human skin fibroblasts (HSF rho0) with suppressed oxidative phosphorylation were characterized by significant changes in the expression of 2100 nuclear genes, encoding numerous protein classes, in NF-kappaB and STAT3 signaling pathways and by decreased activity of the mitochondrial death pathway, compared to the parent rho+ HSF. In contrast, the extrinsic TRAIL/TRAIL-Receptor-mediated death pathway remained highly active, and exogenous TRAIL induced higher levels of apoptosis in rho0 cells compared to rho+ HSF. Global gene expression analysis using microarray and quantitative RT-PCR demonstrated that expression levels of many growth factors and their adaptor proteins (FGF13, HGF, IGFBP4, IGFBP6, IGFL2), cytokines (IL6, IL17B, IL18, IL19, IL28B) and cytokine receptors (IL1R1, IL21R, IL31RA) were substantially decreased after mitochondrial depletion. Some of these genes were targets of NF-kappaB and STAT3, and their protein products could regulate the STAT3 signaling pathway. Alpha-irradiation induced expression of several NF-kappaB/STAT3 target genes, including IL1A, IL1B, IL6, PTGS2/COX2 and MMP12, in rho+ HSF, but this response was substantially decreased in rho0 HSF. Suppression of the IKK-NF-kappaB pathway by the small molecular inhibitor BMS-345541 and of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway by AG490 dramatically increased TRAIL-induced apoptosis in the control and irradiated rho+ HSF. Inhibitory antibodies against IL6, the main activator of JAK2-STAT3 pathway, added into the cell media, also increased TRAIL-induced apoptosis in rho+ HSF. However, NF-kappaB activation was partially lost in mitochondrial DNA-depleted HSF resulting in downregulation of the basal or radiation-induced expression of numerous NF-kappaB targets, further suppressing IL6-JAK2-STAT3, that in concert with NF-kappaB, regulated protection against TRAIL-induced apoptosis. There are 12 total samples, 3 biological replicates each of HSF rho+ and rho0 cells that were not irradiated (control=C) or irradiated (alpha=A). Cells were harvested at 4 hours after treatment.
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