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Stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA), a new class of noncoding RNA from the oocyte nucleus of Xenopus tropicalis

ABSTRACT: To compare nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA from a single cell type, free of cross-contamination, we studied the oocyte of the frog Xenopus tropicalis, a giant cell with an equally giant nucleus. We isolated RNA from manually dissected nuclei and cytoplasm of mature oocytes and subjected it to deep sequencing. Cytoplasmic mRNA 10 consisted primarily of spliced exons derived from ~6700 annotated genes. Nearly all of these genes were represented in the nucleus by intronic sequences. However, unspliced nascent transcripts were not detected. Inhibition of transcription or splicing for 1–2 d had little or no effect on the abundance of nuclear intronic sequences, demonstrating that they are unusually stable. RT–PCR analysis showed that these stable intronic sequences are transcribed from the coding strand and that a given intron can be processed into more than one 15 molecule. Stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA) from the oocyte nucleus constitutes a new class of noncoding RNA. sisRNA is detectable by RT–PCR in samples of total RNA from embryos up to the mid-blastula stage, when zygotic transcription begins. Storage of sisRNA in the oocyte nucleus and its transmission to the developing embryo suggest that it may play important regulatory roles during oogenesis and/or early embryogenesis.

ORGANISM(S): Xenopus tropicalis

PROVIDER: GSE41530 | GEO | 2012/11/26

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA177369

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA), a new class of noncoding RNA from the oocyte nucleus of Xenopus tropicalis

Project description:To compare nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA from a single cell type, free of cross-contamination, we studied the oocyte of the frog Xenopus tropicalis, a giant cell with an equally giant nucleus. We isolated RNA from manually dissected nuclei and cytoplasm of mature oocytes and subjected it to deep sequencing. Cytoplasmic mRNA 10 consisted primarily of spliced exons derived from ~6700 annotated genes. Nearly all of these genes were represented in the nucleus by intronic sequences. However, unspliced nascent transcripts were not detected. Inhibition of transcription or splicing for 1M-bM-^@M-^S2 d had little or no effect on the abundance of nuclear intronic sequences, demonstrating that they are unusually stable. RTM-bM-^@M-^SPCR analysis showed that these stable intronic sequences are transcribed from the coding strand and that a given intron can be processed into more than one 15 molecule. Stable intronic sequence RNA (sisRNA) from the oocyte nucleus constitutes a new class of noncoding RNA. sisRNA is detectable by RTM-bM-^@M-^SPCR in samples of total RNA from embryos up to the mid-blastula stage, when zygotic transcription begins. Storage of sisRNA in the oocyte nucleus and its transmission to the developing embryo suggest that it may play important regulatory roles during oogenesis and/or early embryogenesis. The individual germinal vesicle (GV) samples' log2 signals were compared pairwise with those from enucleated oocytes.

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Project description:Obscurins (~70-870kDa), encoded by the single OBSCN gene, are cytoskeletal proteins originally identified in striated muscles with structural and regulatory roles. Recently, analysis of 13,023 genes in breast and colorectal cancers identified OBSCN as one of the most frequently mutated genes, implicating it in cancer formation. Herein, we studied the expression profile of obscurins in breast, colon and skin cancer cell lines, and their involvement in cell survival. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated significant reduction of obscurins in cancer cells, resulting from decreased mRNA levels and/or the presence of mutant transcripts. In normal epithelium, obscurins localize in cytoplasmic puncta, the cell membrane and the nucleus. Accordingly, subcellular fractionation demonstrated the presence of two novel nuclear isoforms of ~110 and ~120kDa. Non-tumorigenic MCF10A breast epithelial cells stably transduced with shRNAs targeting giant obscurins exhibited increased viability (~30%) and reduced apoptosis (~20%) following exposure to the DNA damaging agent, etoposide. cDNA microarrays followed by Gene Ontology profiling indicated a substantial number of transcripts related to apoptosis and survival are differentially regulated upon obscurin knock-down. Quantitative RT-PCR further indicated that the anti-apoptotic genes BAG-4 and HAX-1 were up-regulated (1.5 and 1.4 fold, respectively), whereas initiator caspase-9 and death caspase-3 transcripts were down-regulated (0.8 and 0.6 fold, respectively). Our findings are the first to pinpoint critical roles for obscurins in cancer development by contributing to the regulation of cell survival. Two-condition experiment: control shRNA- vs. obscurin shRNA-expressing MCF10A cells exposed to 150 uM etoposide. 3 independent replicates per condition.

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