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F1 Interspecies Hybrid Analysis Reveals Parent-Of-Origin Bias in the Mouse Placenta

ABSTRACT: To investigate the epigenetic landscape at the interface between mother and fetus, we provide a comprehensive analysis of parent of origin bias in the placenta. Using F1 interspecies hybrids, we sequenced RNA from 23 individual midgestation placentas, five late stage placentas, and two yolk sac samples and then used SNPs to determine whether transcripts were preferentially generated from the maternal or paternal allele. In the placenta, we find 103 genes that show significant and reproducible parent-of-origin bias, of which 78 are novel candidates. Most (96%) show a strong maternal bias which, using multiple models, we demonstrate is not due to maternal decidual contamination. Analysis of the X chromosome also reveals paternal expression of Xist and several genes that escape inactivation, most significantly Rps4x, Fhl1, and Slc38a5. Finally, sequencing individual placentas allowed us to reveal notable expression similarity between littermates. In all, we observe a striking preference for maternal transcription in the midgestation mouse placenta and a dynamic imprinting landscape in extraembryonic tissues, reflecting the complex nature of epigenetic pathways in the placenta.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE42671 | GEO | 2014/02/28

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA182701

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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F1 Interspecies Hybrid Analysis Reveals Parent-Of-Origin Bias in the Mouse Placenta

Project description:To investigate the epigenetic landscape at the interface between mother and fetus, we provide a comprehensive analysis of parent of origin bias in the placenta. Using F1 interspecies hybrids, we sequenced RNA from 23 individual midgestation placentas, five late stage placentas, and two yolk sac samples and then used SNPs to determine whether transcripts were preferentially generated from the maternal or paternal allele. In the placenta, we find 103 genes that show significant and reproducible parent-of-origin bias, of which 78 are novel candidates. Most (96%) show a strong maternal bias which, using multiple models, we demonstrate is not due to maternal decidual contamination. Analysis of the X chromosome also reveals paternal expression of Xist and several genes that escape inactivation, most significantly Rps4x, Fhl1, and Slc38a5. Finally, sequencing individual placentas allowed us to reveal notable expression similarity between littermates. In all, we observe a striking preference for maternal transcription in the midgestation mouse placenta and a dynamic imprinting landscape in extraembryonic tissues, reflecting the complex nature of epigenetic pathways in the placenta. 3'-end Sequencing for Expression Quantification (3SEQ) and SNP Analysis to observe parent-of-origin bias in 28 placental samples at two time points and 2 yolk sac samples

2014-02-28 | E-GEOD-42671 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2013-05-24 | E-GEOD-30243 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2013-05-24 | GSE30243 | GEO

Sex chromosome parent-of-origin effects on gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster

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Sex chromosome parent-of-origin effects on gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster

Project description:RNA was extracted from adult male and adult female Drosophila melanogaster with reversed sex-chromosome parent-of-origin (e.g. maternal-X/paternal-Y vs. paternal-X/maternal-Y) Parent-of-origin effects were assayed in X/Y males, XY/Y males, and XY/X females. Direct comparisons were made between individuals with the same karyotype (e.g. X/Y males or XY/Y males) incorporating dye-swaps.

2013-11-01 | E-GEOD-51942 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Pervasive polymorphic imprinted methylation in the human placenta

Project description:The maternal and paternal copies of the genome are both required for mammalian development and this is primarily due to imprinted genes, those that are mono-allelically expressed based on parent-of-origin. Typically, this pattern of expression is regulated by differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that are established in the germline and maintained after fertilisation. There are a large number of germline DMRs that have not yet been associated with imprinting and their function in development is unknown. In this study, we developed a genome-wide approach to identify novel imprinted DMRs, specifically in the human placenta, and investigated the dynamics of imprinted DMRs during development in somatic and extra-embryonic tissues. DNA methylation was evaluated using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 array in 116 human tissue samples, publically available reduced representation bisulfite sequencing in the human embryo and germ cells, and targeted bisulfite sequencing in term placentas. 43 known and 101 novel imprinted DMRs were identified in the human placenta, by comparing methylation between diandric and digynic triploids and female and male gametes. 72 novel DMRs showed a pattern consistent with placental-specific imprinting and this monoallelic methylation was entirely maternal in origin. Strikingly, these DMRs exhibited polymorphic imprinted methylation specifically in placenta. These data suggest that imprinting in human development is far more extensive and dynamic than previously reported and that the placenta preferentially maintains maternal germline-derived DNA methylation.

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Pervasive polymorphic imprinted methylation in the human placenta

Project description:The maternal and paternal copies of the genome are both required for mammalian development and this is primarily due to imprinted genes, those that are mono-allelically expressed based on parent-of-origin. Typically, this pattern of expression is regulated by differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that are established in the germline and maintained after fertilisation. There are a large number of germline DMRs that have not yet been associated with imprinting and their function in development is unknown. In this study, we developed a genome-wide approach to identify novel imprinted DMRs, specifically in the human placenta, and investigated the dynamics of imprinted DMRs during development in somatic and extra-embryonic tissues. DNA methylation was evaluated using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 array in 116 human tissue samples, publically available reduced representation bisulfite sequencing in the human embryo and germ cells, and targeted bisulfite sequencing in term placentas. 43 known and 101 novel imprinted DMRs were identified in the human placenta, by comparing methylation between diandric and digynic triploids and female and male gametes. 72 novel DMRs showed a pattern consistent with placental-specific imprinting and this mono-allelic methylation was entirely maternal in origin. Strikingly, these DMRs exhibited polymorphic imprinted methylation specifically in placenta. These data suggest that imprinting in human development is far more extensive and dynamic than previously reported and that the placenta preferentially maintains maternal germline-derived DNA methylation

2015-12-22 | GSE74738 | GEO

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Project description:Background: Maternal iron deficiency (ID) is associated with poor pregnancy and fetal outcomes. The effect is thought to be mediated by the placenta but there is no comprehensive assessment of placental response to maternal ID. Additionally, whether the influence of maternal ID on the placenta differs by fetal sex is unknown. Objectives: Our primary aim was to identify gene and protein signatures of ID mouse placentas at mid-gestation. A secondary objective was to profile the expression of iron genes in mouse placentas across gestation. Methods: We used a real-time PCR based array to determine the mRNA expression of all known iron genes in mouse placentas at embryonic day (E) 12.5, E14.5, E16.5, and E19.5 (n=3 placentas/time point). To determine the effect of maternal ID, we performed RNA sequencing and proteomics in male and female placentas from ID and iron adequate mice at E12.5 (n=8 dams/diet). Results: In female placentas, six genes including transferrin receptor (Tfrc) and solute carrier family 11 member 2 were significantly changed by maternal ID. An additional 154 genes were altered in male ID placentas. Proteomic analysis quantified 7662 proteins in the placenta. Proteins translated from iron responsive element (IRE) containing mRNAs were altered in abundance; ferritin and ferroportin 1 decreased while TFRC increased in ID placenta. Less than 4% of the significantly altered genes in ID placentas occurred both at the transcriptional and translational levels. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that the impact of maternal ID on placental gene expression in mice is limited in scope and magnitude at mid-gestation. We provide strong evidence for IRE-based transcriptional and translational coordination of iron gene expression in the mouse placenta. Finally, we discover sexually dimorphic effects of maternal ID on placental gene expression, with more genes and pathways altered in male compared with female mouse placentas.

2021-03-12 | PXD023454 | Pride

Placental transcriptomic pattern of murine advanced paternal age model of autism

Project description:Advanced paternal age has been shown to be a significant risk factor for neurodevelopmental psychiatric disorders, particularly autism. We have recently shown that mice conceived by old fathers display behavioral abnormalities which resemble key diagnostic symptoms of human autism. De novo mutations and epigenetic alterations increase in the male germ line during ageing and are thought to mediate the effect of paternal age on occurrence of diseases occurrence. Because the placenta carry a predominantly fetal genetic background, age-related mutagenesis and epigenetic errors might negatively influence placental physiology and in turn perturb fetal brain development. Here, we examined the impact of paternal age on placental mRNA transcriptome. This work was supported by Programme FP7-KBBE-2012.1.3-04, GA no. 312097 Acronym: FECUND, to GEP; MIUR/CNR, Programme FIRB. GA n. B81J12002520001 Acronym: GenHome, to PL. This study was also partially financed by the IGAB PAS project (S.III.1.3), Polish Scientific Committee Grant 2011/03/N/NZ29/05222, Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education Grants N N519 657940 and N N311 604938. We compared gene expression patterns of mouse placentas harvested from either advanced paternal age model (APA) of autism or control animals. We included 2 comparisons: 1) placenta of female APA vs placenta of female control; 2) placenta of male APA vs placenta of male control. Each comparison was composed of 3 biological replicates. To minimize family bias, poolings contained at most one placenta per sex from each dam to a minimum of one and a maximum of three placentas per group/sex.

2015-07-25 | E-GEOD-71322 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:KDM6A, which regulates gene expression by demethylation of the repressive histone mark H3K27me3, has a higher level in mammalian females than in males because the Kdm6a gene escapes X chromosome inactivation. Here, we report that maternal and paternal alleles of a number of genes throughout the genome are differentially regulated by KDM6A. Knockout of KDM6A in male and female embryonic stem cells derived from F1 hybrid mice results in downregulation of maternal alleles more frequently than paternal alleles. This parent-of-origin preference for regulation of gene expression by KDM6A was observed for subsets of maternally expressed non-imprinted and imprinted genes. By ATAC-seq downregulated genes showed a concomitant loss of chromatin accessibility on maternal but not on paternal alleles. Surprisingly, enrichment in H3K27me3 was observed on downregulated paternal but not maternal alleles. These results suggest parent-of-origin mechanisms of gene regulation by KDM6A, which may be histone demethylation-dependent and -independent.

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