Effects of ploidy and sex-locus genotype on gene expression patterns in the fire ant Solenopsis invicta
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Solenopsis invicta
PROVIDER: GSE42786 | GEO | 2012/12/06
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA183130
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Males in many animal species differ greatly from females in morphology, physiology and behaviour. Ants, bees and wasps have a haplodiploid mechanism of sex determination whereby unfertilized eggs become males while fertilized eggs become females. However, many species also have a low frequency of diploid males, which are thought to develop from diploid eggs when individuals are homozygous at one or more sex determination loci. Diploid males are morphologically similar to haploids, though often larger and typically sterile. To determine how ploidy level and sex-locus genotype affect gene expression during development, we compared expression patterns between diploid males, haploid males and females (queens) at three developmental timepoints in Solenopsis invicta. In pupae, gene expression profiles of diploid males were very different from those of haploid males but nearly identical to those of queens. An unexpected shift in expression patterns emerged soon after adult eclosion, with diploid male patterns diverging from those of queens to resemble those of haploid males, a pattern retained in older adults. The finding that ploidy level effects on early gene expression override sex effects (including genes implicated in sperm production and pheromone production/perception) may explain diploid male sterility and lack of worker discrimination against them during development.
| S-EPMC4240987 | biostudies-literature
Project description:In Hymenoptera, sex is determined by a single-locus complementary sex determining system (sl-CSD). Males are normally haploid (hemizygous at the sl-CSD locus) but if the genotype of the sl-CSD locus is homozygous, they develop into diploid males. Here, we study the effects of ploidy and the sl-CSD-locus genotype by comparing gene expression differences between haploid males, diploid males and virgin queens at three developmental stages, pupae, 1 day and 11 days after eclosion. Keywords: diploid males, sl-CSD, ploidy-spcific gene, sex-specific gene, doublesex, sex-biased gene
2012-12-06 | GSE42494 | GEO
Project description:In Hymenoptera, sex is determined by a single-locus complementary sex determining system (sl-CSD). Males are normally haploid (hemizygous at the sl-CSD locus) but if the genotype of the sl-CSD locus is homozygous, they develop into diploid males. Here, we study the effects of ploidy and the sl-CSD-locus genotype by comparing gene expression differences between haploid males, diploid males and virgin queens at three developmental stages, pupae, 1 day and 11 days after eclosion. Keywords: diploid males, sl-CSD, ploidy-spcific gene, sex-specific gene, doublesex, sex-biased gene
2012-12-06 | GSE42785 | GEO
Project description:In Hymenoptera, sex is determined by a single-locus complementary sex determining system (sl-CSD). Males are normally haploid (hemizygous at the sl-CSD locus) but if the genotype of the sl-CSD locus is homozygous, they develop into diploid males. Here, we study the effects of ploidy and the sl-CSD-locus genotype by comparing gene expression differences between haploid males, diploid males and virgin queens at three developmental stages, pupae, 1 day and 11 days after eclosion. Keywords: diploid males, sl-CSD, ploidy-spcific gene, sex-specific gene, doublesex, sex-biased gene
2012-12-06 | GSE42779 | GEO
Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2012-12-06 | E-GEOD-42786 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In Hymenoptera, sex is determined by a single-locus complementary sex determining system (sl-CSD). Males are normally haploid (hemizygous at the sl-CSD locus) but if the genotype of the sl-CSD locus is homozygous, they develop into diploid males. Here, we study the effects of ploidy and the sl-CSD-locus genotype by comparing gene expression differences between haploid males, diploid males and virgin queens at three developmental stages, pupae, 1 day and 11 days after eclosion. Keywords: diploid males, sl-CSD, ploidy-spcific gene, sex-specific gene, doublesex, sex-biased gene Six-condition experiment: haploid male pupae, diploid male pupae, queen pupae, 1-day-old haploid male adults, 1-day-old diploid male adults, 1-day-old queen adults (accession number GSM1031732 - GSM1031734, GSM1031737 - GSM1031738, GSM1031740 - GSM1031742, GSM1031745 - GSM1031746; reprocessed for this study), 11-day-old haploid male adults, 11-day-old diploid male adults, 11-day-old queen adults (accession number GSM1031748 - GSM1031750, GSM1031753 - GSM1031754, GSM1031756 - GSM1031758, GSM1031761 - GSM1031762; reprocessed for this study). Biological replicates: 5 colonies (x 2 genotypes for each colony). Samples were labeled with Cy3 and were compared to the same common reference RNA labeled with Cy5.
2012-12-06 | E-GEOD-42494 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In Hymenoptera, sex is determined by a single-locus complementary sex determining system (sl-CSD). Males are normally haploid (hemizygous at the sl-CSD locus) but if the genotype of the sl-CSD locus is homozygous, they develop into diploid males. Here, we study the effects of ploidy and the sl-CSD-locus genotype by comparing gene expression differences between haploid males, diploid males and virgin queens at three developmental stages, pupae, 1 day and 11 days after eclosion. Keywords: diploid males, sl-CSD, ploidy-spcific gene, sex-specific gene, doublesex, sex-biased gene Six-condition experiment: haploid male pupae, diploid male pupae, queen pupae, 1-day-old haploid male adults, 1-day-old diploid male adults, 1-day-old queen adults (accession number GSM1031732 - GSM1031734, GSM1031737 - GSM1031738, GSM1031740 - GSM1031742, GSM1031745 - GSM1031746; reprocessed for this study), 11-day-old haploid male adults, 11-day-old diploid male adults, 11-day-old queen adults (accession number GSM1031748 - GSM1031750, GSM1031753 - GSM1031754, GSM1031756 - GSM1031758, GSM1031761 - GSM1031762; reprocessed for this study). Biological replicates: 5 colonies (x 2 genotypes for each colony). Samples were labeled with Cy3 and were compared to the same common reference RNA labeled with Cy5.
2012-12-06 | E-GEOD-42785 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In Hymenoptera, sex is determined by a single-locus complementary sex determining system (sl-CSD). Males are normally haploid (hemizygous at the sl-CSD locus) but if the genotype of the sl-CSD locus is homozygous, they develop into diploid males. Here, we study the effects of ploidy and the sl-CSD-locus genotype by comparing gene expression differences between haploid males, diploid males and virgin queens at three developmental stages, pupae, 1 day and 11 days after eclosion. Keywords: diploid males, sl-CSD, ploidy-spcific gene, sex-specific gene, doublesex, sex-biased gene Six-condition experiment: haploid male pupae, diploid male pupae, queen pupae, 1-day-old haploid male adults, 1-day-old diploid male adults, 1-day-old queen adults (accession number GSM1031732 - GSM1031734, GSM1031737 - GSM1031738, GSM1031740 - GSM1031742, GSM1031745 - GSM1031746; reprocessed for this study), 11-day-old haploid male adults, 11-day-old diploid male adults, 11-day-old queen adults (accession number GSM1031748 - GSM1031750, GSM1031753 - GSM1031754, GSM1031756 - GSM1031758, GSM1031761 - GSM1031762; reprocessed for this study). Biological replicates: 5 colonies (x 2 genotypes for each colony). Samples were labeled with Cy3 and were compared to the same common reference RNA labeled with Cy5.
2012-12-06 | E-GEOD-42779 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ants have evolved very complex societies and are key ecosystem members. Some ants, such as the fire ant Solenopsis invicta, are also major pests. Here, we present a draft genome of S. invicta, assembled from Roche 454 and Illumina sequencing reads obtained from a focal haploid male and his brothers. We used comparative genomic methods to obtain insight into the unique features of the S. invicta genome. For example, we found that this genome harbors four adjacent copies of vitellogenin. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that an ancestral vitellogenin gene first underwent a duplication that was followed by possibly independent duplications of each of the daughter vitellogenins. The vitellogenin genes have undergone subfunctionalization with queen- and worker-specific expression, possibly reflecting differential selection acting on the queen and worker castes. Additionally, we identified more than 400 putative olfactory receptors of which at least 297 are intact. This represents the largest repertoire reported so far in insects. S. invicta also harbors an expansion of a specific family of lipid-processing genes, two putative orthologs to the transformer/feminizer sex differentiation gene, a functional DNA methylation system, and a single putative telomerase ortholog. EST data indicate that this S. invicta telomerase ortholog has at least four spliceforms that differ in their use of two sets of mutually exclusive exons. Some of these and other unique aspects of the fire ant genome are likely linked to the complex social behavior of this species.
| S-EPMC3078418 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Susceptible individuals who have suffered painful stings caused by red imported fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, usually experience physical health effects such as fever, dizziness, generalized urticaria, or other systemic reactions such as anaphylactic shock. Whether S. invicta stings also have negative effects on mental health is not clear. In the present study, the psychological impact of S. invicta stings was evaluated using a questionnaire that included a previously published posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) checklist, the Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item (GAD-7) scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, 5th scale (PSQI(5)). A total of 96 valid questionnaires were obtained; 37 participants were placed in the stung group, and 59 participants were placed in the unstung group. Our results showed that symptoms of anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances were not associated with S. invicta stings (for GAD-7 scale, Pearson Chi-Square test, χ2 = 0.152, df = 1, P = 0.697; for the BAI, χ2 = 2.252, df = 1, P = 0.133; for the PHQ-9, χ2 = 0.098, df = 1, P = 0.754; for the PSQI(5), χ2 = 0.536, df = 1, P = 0.453). In total, 2 of 83 individuals stung by S. invicta met the criteria (>50) for PTSD. However, there was no significant difference on PTSD between those stung by S. invicta in the 30-day group and the over 30-day group (χ2 = 0.318, df = 1, P = 0.573). Overall, our data do not show an effect of S. invicta stings on mental health as measured using a range of indicators.
| S-EPMC6016926 | biostudies-literature