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HP1a, Su(var)3-9, SETDB1 and POF stimulate or repress gene expression depending on genomic position, gene length and expression pattern in Drosophila melanogaster

ABSTRACT: Heterochromatin protein 1a (HP1a) is a chromatin associated protein that has been well studied in many model organisms, such as Drosophila, where it is a determining factor for classical heterochromatin. HP1a is associated with the two histone methyltransferases SETDB1 and Su(var)3-9, which mediate H3K9 methylation marks and participate in the establishment and spreading of HP1a enriched chromatin. While HP1a is generally regarded as a factor that represses gene transcription, several reports have linked HP1a binding to active genes, and in some cases, it has been shown to stimulate transcriptional activity. To clarify the function of HP1a in transcription regulation and its association with Su(var)3-9, SETDB1 and the chromosome 4 specific protein POF, we conducted genome-wide expression studies and combined the results with available binding data in Drosophila melanogaster. The results suggested that HP1a has a repressing function on chromosome 4, where it preferentially targets non-ubiquitously expressed genes (NUEGs), and a stimulating function in pericentromeric regions. Further, we showed that the effects of SETDB1 and Su(var)3-9 are similar to HP1a, and on chromosome 4, Su(var)3-9, SETDB1 and HP1a target the same genes. In contrast, transposons are repressed by HP1a and Su(var)3-9 but are un-affected by SETDB1 and POF. In addition, we found that the binding level and expression effects of HP1a are affected by gene length. Our results indicate that genes have adapted to be properly expressed in their local chromatin environment.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE43478 | GEO | 2013/04/05

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA186531

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:modENCODE_submission_3892 This submission comes from a modENCODE project of Gary Karpen. For full list of modENCODE projects, see http://www.genome.gov/26524648 Project Goal: We aim to determine the locations of 125 chromosomal proteins across the Drosophila melanogaster genome. The proteins under study are involved in basic chromosomal functions such as DNA replication, gene expression, gene silencing, and inheritance. We will perform Chromatin ImmunoPrecipitation (ChIP) using genomic tiling arrays. We will initially assay localizations using chromatin from three cell lines and two embryonic stages, and will then extend the analysis of a subset of proteins to four additional animal tissues/stages For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf EXPERIMENT TYPE: CHIP-chip. BIOLOGICAL SOURCE: Strain: Su(var) 3-9 06 17 mutant(official name : Su(var)3-9^06/Su(var)3-9^17 genotype : Su(var)3-9^06/Su(var)3-9^17 outcross : n/a transgene : n/a tags : X-ray tag : GFP description : Stocks with the Su(var)3-9^06 and Su(var)3-9^17 alleles were maintained as heterozygous stocks over a third chromosome balancer. To generate the transheterozygotes description : individuals from the heterozygous stocks were crossed together. The F1 individuals lacking the balancer chromosome were used for these experiments. made_by : Stocks were obtained from Gary Karpen ); Developmental Stage: 3rd Instar Larvae; Genotype: Su(var)3-9^06/Su(var)3-9^17; Transgene: n/a; NUMBER OF REPLICATES: 4; EXPERIMENTAL FACTORS: Strain Su(var) 3-9 06 17 mutant(official name : Su(var)3-9^06/Su(var)3-9^17 genotype : Su(var)3-9^06/Su(var)3-9^17 outcross : n/a transgene : n/a tags : X-ray tag : GFP description : Stocks with the Su(var)3-9^06 and Su(var)3-9^17 alleles were maintained as heterozygous stocks over a third chromosome balancer. To generate the transheterozygotes description : individuals from the heterozygous stocks were crossed together. The F1 individuals lacking the balancer chromosome were used for these experiments. made_by : Stocks were obtained from Gary Karpen ); Antibody HP1 wa191 (target is HP1a); Developmental Stage 3rd Instar Larvae

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HP1a, Su(var)3-9, SETDB1 and POF stimulate or repress gene expression depending on genomic position, gene length and expression pattern in Drosophila melanogaster

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