Aneuploidy, oncogene amplification, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition define spontaneous transformation of murine epithelial cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE45129 | GEO | 2013/03/14
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA192938
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Human epithelial cancers are defined by a recurrent distribution of specific chromosomal aneuploidies, a trait less typical for murine cancer models induced by an oncogenic stimulus. After prolonged culture, mouse epithelial cells spontaneously immortalize, transform and become tumorigenic. We assessed genome and transcriptome alterations in cultures derived from bladder and kidney utilizing spectral karyotyping, array CGH, FISH and gene expression profiling. The results show widespread aneuploidy, yet a recurrent and tissue-specific distribution of genomic imbalances, just as in human cancers. Losses of chromosome 4 and gains of chromosome 15 are common and occur early during the transformation process. Global gene expression profiling revealed early and significant transcriptional deregulation. Chromosomal aneuploidy resulted in expression changes of resident genes and consequently in a massive deregulation of the cellular transcriptome. Pathway interrogation of expression changes during the sequential steps of transformation revealed enrichment of genes associated with DNA repair, centrosome regulation, stem cell characteristics and aneuploidy. Genes that modulate the epithelial to mesenchymal transition and genes that define the chromosomal instability phenotype played a dominant role and were changed in a directionality consistent with loss of cell adhesion, invasiveness and proliferation. Comparison with gene expression changes during human bladder and kidney tumorigenesis revealed remarkable overlap with changes observed in the spontaneously transformed murine cultures. Therefore, our novel mouse models faithfully recapitulate the sequence of genomic and transcriptomic events that define human tumorigenesis, hence validating them for both basic and preclinical research.
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Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series
2013-03-14 | E-GEOD-45129 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human epithelial cancers are defined by a recurrent distribution of specific chromosomal aneuploidies. In our model system, mouse bladder and kidney epithelial cells spontaneously immortalize, transform and become tumorigenic after prolonged culture. We assessed genome and transcriptome alterations and found wide-spread aneuploidy, early transcriptional deregulation, and massive genomic dereguation of the cellular transcriptome. The results reveal a remarkable similarity with genome and transcriptome aberrations detected in human tumorigenesis, hence validating our newly derived cancer models. Epithelial cells were isolated from the C57BL/6 mouse bladder and kidney. These cells underwent spontaneous transformation in culture. We sought to identify the molecuar genomic alterations that occur during the transformation process and to compare these with the changes observed in human bladder and kidney cancers.
2013-03-14 | E-GEOD-45127 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human epithelial cancers are defined by a recurrent distribution of specific chromosomal aneuploidies. In our model system, mouse bladder and kidney epithelial cells spontaneously immortalize, transform and become tumorigenic after prolonged culture. We assessed genome and transcriptome alterations and found wide-spread aneuploidy, early transcriptional deregulation, and massive genomic dereguation of the cellular transcriptome. The results reveal a remarkable similarity with genome and transcriptome aberrations detected in human tumorigenesis, hence validating our newly derived cancer models. Epithelial cells were isolated from the C57BL/6 mouse bladder and kidney. These cells underwent spontaneous transformation in culture. We sought to identify the molecuar genomic alterations that occur during the transformation process and to compare these with the changes observed in human bladder and kidney cancers.
2013-03-14 | E-GEOD-45128 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Human epithelial cancers are defined by a recurrent distribution of specific chromosomal aneuploidies. In our model system, mouse bladder and kidney epithelial cells spontaneously immortalize, transform and become tumorigenic after prolonged culture. We assessed genome and transcriptome alterations and found wide-spread aneuploidy, early transcriptional deregulation, and massive genomic dereguation of the cellular transcriptome. The results reveal a remarkable similarity with genome and transcriptome aberrations detected in human tumorigenesis, hence validating our newly derived cancer models.
2013-03-14 | GSE45128 | GEO
Project description:Human epithelial cancers are defined by a recurrent distribution of specific chromosomal aneuploidies. In our model system, mouse bladder and kidney epithelial cells spontaneously immortalize, transform and become tumorigenic after prolonged culture. We assessed genome and transcriptome alterations and found wide-spread aneuploidy, early transcriptional deregulation, and massive genomic dereguation of the cellular transcriptome. The results reveal a remarkable similarity with genome and transcriptome aberrations detected in human tumorigenesis, hence validating our newly derived cancer models.
2013-03-14 | GSE45127 | GEO
Project description:The TLX1 oncogene (encoding the transcription factor T cell leukemia homeobox protein-1) has a major role in the pathogenesis of T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). However, the specific mechanisms of T cell transformation downstream of TLX1 remain to be elucidated. Here we show that transgenic expression of human TLX1 in mice induces T-ALL with frequent deletions and mutations in Bcl11b (encoding B cell leukemia/lymphoma-11B) and identify the presence of recurrent mutations and deletions in BCL11B in 16% of human T-ALLs. Most notably, mouse TLX1 tumors were typically aneuploid and showed a marked defect in the activation of the mitotic checkpoint. Mechanistically, TLX1 directly downregulates the expression of CHEK1 (encoding CHK1 checkpoint homolog) and additional mitotic control genes and induces loss of the mitotic checkpoint in nontransformed preleukemic thymocytes. These results identify a previously unrecognized mechanism contributing to chromosomal missegregation and aneuploidy active at the earliest stages of tumor development in the pathogenesis of cancer.
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Project description:Most ovarian cancers originate from the ovarian surface epithelium and are characterized by aneuploid karyotypes. Aneuploidy, a consequence of chromosome instability, is an early event during the development of ovarian cancers. However, how aneuploid cells are evolved from normal diploid cells in ovarian cancers remains unknown. In the present study, cytogenetic analyses of a mouse syngeneic ovarian cancer model revealed that diploid mouse ovarian surface epithelial cells (MOSECs) experienced an intermediate tetraploid cell stage, before evolving to aneuploid (mainly near-tetraploid) cells. Using long-term live-cell imaging followed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), we demonstrated that tetraploid cells originally arose from cytokinesis failure of bipolar mitosis in diploid cells, and gave rise to aneuploid cells through chromosome mis-segregation during both bipolar and multipolar mitoses. Injection of the late passage aneuploid MOSECs resulted in tumor formation in C57BL/6 mice. Therefore, we reveal a pathway for the evolution of diploid to aneuploid MOSECs and elucidate a mechanism for the development of near-tetraploid ovarian cancer cells.
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Project description:Transcriptional factor FOXK1 is a member of the FOX family, involved in the cell growth and metabolism. The higher expression of FOXK1 leads to a variety of diseases and may play an important role in the development of various tumors. However, the role of FOXK1 in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. We demonstrated that FOXK1 was overexpressed in 16 types of solid tumor tissues via tissue multi-array (TMA). We found that FOXK1 induced elevated expressions and transactivities of five major oncogenes in CRC. Moreover, the elevated expression of FOXK1 was showed to be correlated with tumor progression and was a significant predictor of overall survival in CRC patients. Furthermore, it was showed that the depletion of FOXK1 expression could inhibit the migratory and invasive abilities of CRC cells. In contrast, ectopic expression of FOXK1 elicited the opposite effects on these phenotypes in vitro. FOXK1 promoted tumor metastasis through EMT program induction. In addition, TGF-?1 induced FOXK1 expression in a time-dependent pattern and the knockdown of FOXK1 inhibited TGF-?1-induced EMT. In vivo, higher expression of FOXK1 promotes CRC cell invasion and metastasis, and induces EMT in CRC as well. Alltogether, it was concluded that the higher expression of FOXK1 could indicate a poor prognosis in CRC patients since that FOXK1 induces EMT and promotes CRC cell invasion in vitro and in vivo.
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Project description:Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is fundamental to both embryogenesis and tumor metastasis. The Notch intercellular signaling pathway regulates cell fate determination throughout metazoan evolution, and overexpression of activating alleles is oncogenic in mammals. Here we demonstrate that Notch activity promotes EMT during both cardiac development and oncogenic transformation via transcriptional induction of the Snail repressor, a potent and evolutionarily conserved mediator of EMT in many tissues and tumor types. In the embryonic heart, Notch functions via lateral induction to promote a selective transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta)-mediated EMT that leads to cellularization of developing cardiac valvular primordia. Embryos that lack Notch signaling elements exhibit severely attenuated cardiac snail expression, abnormal maintenance of intercellular endocardial adhesion complexes, and abortive endocardial EMT in vivo and in vitro. Accordingly, transient ectopic expression of activated Notch1 (N1IC) in zebrafish embryos leads to hypercellular cardiac valves, whereas Notch inhibition prevents valve development. Overexpression of N1IC in immortalized endothelial cells in vitro induces EMT accompanied by oncogenic transformation, with corresponding induction of snail and repression of VE-cadherin expression. Notch is expressed in embryonic regions where EMT occurs, suggesting an intimate and fundamental role for Notch, which may be reactivated during tumor metastasis.
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