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Metabolic and Transcriptional Reprogramming in Developing Soybean (Glycine max) Embryos

ABSTRACT: Soybean (Glycine max) seeds are an important source of seed storage compounds, including protein, oil, and sugar used for food, feed, chemical, and biofuel production. We assessed detailed temporal transcriptional and metabolic changes in developing soybean embryos to gain a systems biology view of developmental and metabolic changes and to identify potential targets for metabolic engineering. Two major developmental and metabolic transitions were captured enabling identification of potential metabolic engineering targets specific to seed filling and to desiccation. The first transition involved a switch between different types of metabolism in dividing and elongating cells. The second transition involved the onset of maturation and desiccation tolerance during seed filling and a switch from photoheterotrophic to heterotrophic metabolism. Clustering analyses of metabolite and transcript data revealed clusters of functionally related metabolites and transcripts active in these different developmental and metabolic programs. The gene clusters provide a resource to generate predictions about the associations and interactions of unknown regulators with their targets based on guilt-by-association relationships. The inferred regulators also represent potential targets for future metabolic engineering of relevant pathways and steps in central carbon and nitrogen metabolism in soybean embryos and drought and desiccation tolerance in plants.

ORGANISM(S): Glycine max

PROVIDER: GSE46153 | GEO | 2013/12/13

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA197379

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Soybean (Glycine max) seeds are an important source of seed storage compounds, including protein, oil, and sugar used for food, feed, chemical, and biofuel production. We assessed detailed temporal transcriptional and metabolic changes in developing soybean embryos to gain a systems biology view of developmental and metabolic changes and to identify potential targets for metabolic engineering. Two major developmental and metabolic transitions were captured enabling identification of potential metabolic engineering targets specific to seed filling and to desiccation. The first transition involved a switch between different types of metabolism in dividing and elongating cells. The second transition involved the onset of maturation and desiccation tolerance during seed filling and a switch from photoheterotrophic to heterotrophic metabolism. Clustering analyses of metabolite and transcript data revealed clusters of functionally related metabolites and transcripts active in these different developmental and metabolic programs. The gene clusters provide a resource to generate predictions about the associations and interactions of unknown regulators with their targets based on “guilt-by-association” relationships. The inferred regulators also represent potential targets for future metabolic engineering of relevant pathways and steps in central carbon and nitrogen metabolism in soybean embryos and drought and desiccation tolerance in plants. SUBMITTER_CITATION: Biology 2013, 2(4), 1311-1337; doi:10.3390/biology2041311 Changes in RNA Splicing in Developing Soybean (Glycine max) Embryos Delasa Aghamirzaie, Mahdi Nabiyouni, Yihui Fang, Curtis Klumas, Lenwood S. Heath, Ruth Grene and Eva Collakova SUBMITTER_CITATION: Metabolites 2013, 3(2), 347-372; doi:10.3390/metabo3020347 Metabolic and Transcriptional Reprogramming in Developing Soybean (Glycine max) Embryos Eva Collakova, Delasa Aghamirzaie, Yihui Fang, Curtis Klumas, Farzaneh Tabataba, Akshay Kakumanu, Elijah Myers, Lenwood S. Heath and Ruth Grene Total mRNA profiles of 10 time course samples of Soybean developing embryos with three replicates per sample were generated by deep sequencing, using Illumina HiSeq 2000

Project description:To understand gene expression networks leading to functional properties and compositional traits of the soybean seed, we have undertaken a detailed examination of soybean seed development from a few days post-fertilization to the mature seed using Illumina high-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq). RNA was sequenced from seven different stages of seed development, yielding between 12 million and 78 million sequenced transcripts. These have been aligned to the 79,000 gene models predicted from the soybean genome recently sequenced by the Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute. Over one hundred gene models were identified with high expression exclusively in young seed stages, starting at just four days after fertilization. These were annotated as being related to many basic components and processes such as histones and proline-rich proteins. Genes involved with some storage proteins such as glycinin and beta-conglycinin had their highest expression levels at the stages of largest fresh weight, confirming previous knowledge that these storage products are being rapidly accumulated before the seed begins the desiccation process. Other gene models showed high expression in the dry, mature seeds, perhaps indicating the preparation of pathways needed later, in the early stages of imbibition. Many highly-expressed gene models at the dry seed stage are, as expected, annotated as hydrophilic proteins associated with low water conditions, such as late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins and dehydrins, which help preserve the cellular structures and nutrients within the seed during desiccation. Hundreds of transcription factors with notable expression in at least one stage of seed development were also identified and examined. Results from a second biological replicate demonstrate high reproducibility of these data. High-throughput sequencing using Illumina Genome Analyzer II and Illumina HiSeq 2000 (RNA-Seq) was performed on seven stages of soybean seeds, with two biological replicates per stage.

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Metabolic and Transcriptional Reprogramming in Developing Soybean (Glycine max) Embryos

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