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ATM mediates pRB function to control DNMT1 protein stability and DNA methylation

ABSTRACT: The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB) product has been implicated in epigenetic control of gene expression owing to its ability to physically bind to many of chromatin modifiers. However, the biological and clinical significance of this activity was not well elucidated. To address this, we performed genetic and epigenetic analyses in an Rb-deficient mouse thyroid C cell tumor model. Here we report that the genetic interaction of Rb and ATM regulates DNMT1 protein stability, and hence controls the DNA methylation status in the promoter of at least Ink4a, Shc2, FoxO6 and Noggin genes. Further, we demonstrate that inactivation of pRB promotes the Tip60 (acetyltransferase)-dependent ATM activation, allows activated ATM to physically bind to DNMT1 forming a complex with Tip60 and UHRF1 (E3 ligase), and consequently accelerates DNMT1 ubiquitination driven by Tip60-dependent acetylation. Our results indicate that inactivation of pRB pathway in coordination with aberration in DNA damage response leads to abnormal DNA methylation pattern by affecting the stability of DNMT1.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE47501 | GEO | 2013/05/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA205897

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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ATM mediates pRB function to control DNMT1 protein stability and DNA methylation

Project description:The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene (RB) product has been implicated in epigenetic control of gene expression owing to its ability to physically bind to many of chromatin modifiers. However, the biological and clinical significance of this activity was not well elucidated. To address this, we performed genetic and epigenetic analyses in an Rb-deficient mouse thyroid C cell tumor model. Here we report that the genetic interaction of Rb and ATM regulates DNMT1 protein stability, and hence controls the DNA methylation status in the promoter of at least Ink4a, Shc2, FoxO6 and Noggin genes. Further, we demonstrate that inactivation of pRB promotes the Tip60 (acetyltransferase)-dependent ATM activation, allows activated ATM to physically bind to DNMT1 forming a complex with Tip60 and UHRF1 (E3 ligase), and consequently accelerates DNMT1 ubiquitination driven by Tip60-dependent acetylation. Our results indicate that inactivation of pRB pathway in coordination with aberration in DNA damage response leads to abnormal DNA methylation pattern by affecting the stability of DNMT1. 163; Rb-/-;ATM-/- MEFs, D4; DNMT1 knockdown from 163 cells and analysed at day 4, WT8S; 163 cells reconstituted with ATM expression vector

2013-05-31 | E-GEOD-47501 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mus musculus

Project description:ATM mediates pRB function to control DNMT1 protein stability and DNA methylation

| PRJNA205897 | ENA

Inducible Astrocytomas in Genetically Engineered Mice: Affymetrix

Project description:To determine the regulatory pathways necessary for astrocytoma formation within complex adult brain microenvironments, we engineered mice for adult astrocyte-specific disruption of key regulators (pRb, Kras and Pten). Drivers of all astrocytoma grades were identified using CreERTM-inducible alleles. Inactivation of pRb was necessary to initiate grade II disease, and was the only lesion to do so. Additional activation of Kras progressed disease to grade III, while further Pten inactivation facilitated grade IV (glioblastoma) progression. These outcomes were elicited whether somatic events were induced broadly or focally. In vivo inactivation of pRb, which induced astrocyte proliferation and apoptosis, activated the MAPK pathway, while Kras activation and Pten loss triggered PI3K pathways. TRPhet denotes mice with Inhibition of Rb, Over-expression of Kras and Deletion of one Copy of PTEN; TRPnull denotes mice with Inhibition of Rb, Over-expression of Kras and Deletion of both copies of PTEN; TR denotes mice with Inhibition of Rb, Over-expression of Kras.

2012-09-13 | GSE26002 | GEO

RNA-seq analysis of acute Rb1 deletion in adult mouse tissues

Project description:Abstract:The pRb tumor suppressor protein associates with chromatin and regulates gene expression. Numerous studies have identified Rb-dependent RNA signatures, but the proteomic effects of Rb-loss are largely unexplored. We have acutely ablated Rb in adult mice and conducted quantitative analysis of RNA and proteomic changes in colon and lung, where Rb-loss was sufficient or insufficient to induce ectopic proliferation respectively. As expected, RbKO caused similar increases in classic pRb/E2F-regulated transcripts in both tissues, but unexpectedly their protein products increased only in the colon, consistent with its increased proliferative index. Thus, these protein changes induced by Rb-loss are coupled with proliferation, but uncoupled from transcription. The proteomic changes in common between RbKO tissues showed a striking decrease in proteins with mitochondrial functions. Accordingly, RB1 inactivation in human cells decreased both mitochondrial mass and OXPHOS function. RBKO cells showed decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity and the accumulation of hypopolarized mitochondria. Additionally, RB/Rb-loss altered mitochondrial pyruvate oxidation from 13C-Glucose through the TCA cycle in both cells and mouse tissues. Consequently, RBKO cells have an enhanced sensitivity to mitochondrial stress conditions. In summary, proteomic analyses provide a new perspective on Rb/RB1 mutation, highlighting the importance of pRb for mitochondrial function and suggesting vulnerabilities for treatment.

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Inducible Astrocytomas in Genetically Engineered Mice: Agilent

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RNAi profiling of human SAOS-2 cells, RBP2 knockdown or pRB overexpression

Project description:RBP2 is downstream of pRB pathway; We used gene expression profiling experiments to investigate if gene expression changes in cells with RBP2 knockdown significantly overlap with gene expression changes in cells overexpressing pRB, consistent with the data that knockdown of RBP2 phenocopies reintroduction of pRB in SAOS-2 (RB-/-) cells Experiment Overall Design: Knockdown of RBP2 by siRNA to RBP2 (RBP2siRNA) in SAOS-2 (RB-/-) cells in comparison to overexpression of pRB in the SOAS-2 (RB-/-) cells and scrambled version of the RBP2 siRNA (RBP2scsiRNA)

2008-10-25 | E-GEOD-9690 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Transcription profiling of mouse placentas from wild-type and Rb -/- knock-out mice and embronic day 11.5 placentas from wild-type and Rb -/-;E2f4 -/- double knock-outs reveals E2F4 cooperates with pRB in the development of extra-embryonic, not embryonic, tissues

Project description:Homozygous mutation of the murine retinoblastoma tumor suppressor gene, Rb, results in embryonic lethality between E13.5 and E15.5 with defects in cellular proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Many of these defects are suppressed by mutation of an activating E2F, E2f1 or E2f3, indicating that they are key downstream targets of the retinoblastoma protein, pRB. In this study, we assess how E2F4 contributes to the developmental consequences of pRb-loss. In stark contrast to the activating E2Fs, the homozygous mutation of E2f4 shortened the lifespan of Rb-/- embryos. This resulted from an exacerbation of the placental defect of the Rb-/- mice indicating that E2F4 and pRB cooperate in the development of this tissue. Further analyses indicated that this defect reflects an increase in trophectoderm-like cells. Under conditions where the placenta was wild-type but the embryo mutant for E2f4 and pRb embryos survived to birth and exhibited all of the defects that were observed in the E2f4 and Rb single mutant embryos. Thus, while pRB and E2F4 cooperate in placental development, they play largely non-overlapping roles the development of many embryonic tissues. Experiment Overall Design: In one experiment, embryonic Day 13.5 placentas from wild-type and Rb -/- knock-out mice were compared. In the second experiment, embronic day 11.5 placentas from wild-type and Rb -/-;E2f4 -/- double knock-out mice were compared.

2009-06-24 | E-GEOD-13753 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Gene profiling approaches help to define the specific functions of retinoblastoma family in epidermis

Project description:The epidermal-specific ablation of Rb gene leads to increased proliferation, aberrant differentiation, and the disengagement of these processes in vivo and in vitro. These differences in phenotype are more severe with the loss of p107, demonstrating the functional compensation between pRb and p107. As p107 and p130 also exert overlapping functions in epidermis, we have generated Rb(F19/F19)K14cre;Rbl2-/- (pRb-;p130-) mice to analyze possible functional redundancies between pRb and p130. The epidermal phenotype was very similar between pRb- and pRb-;p130- mice, suggesting that pRb and p130 activities are not redundant in epidermis. Importantly, we can correlate the proliferation differences with specific changes in gene expression between pRb-, pRb-;p107- and pRb-;p130- primary keratinocytes using microarray analysis, and explain the phenotypes in the context of altered E2F expression and functionality. Our findings support a model in which the distinct retinoblastoma family members, in conjunction with E2F members, play a central role in regulating epidermal homeostasis through specific or overlapping activities. Keywords: skin, pRb, transgenic mice, p130

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E2F4 cooperates with pRB in the development of extra-embryonic, not embryonic, tissues

2009-06-08 | GSE13753 | GEO

Transcription profiling of mouse epidermis from Rb(F19/F19)K14cre;Rbl2-/- (pRb-;p130-) mutants to analyse functional redundancies between retinoblastoma family members

2008-06-16 | E-GEOD-9562 | biostudies-arrayexpress