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Multiple roles for LEC in initiation and elongation phases of snRNA gene transcription

ABSTRACT: The small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes have been widely used as a model system for understanding transcriptional regulation due to unique aspects of their promoter structure, selectivity for either RNA Polymerase (Pol) II or III and a unique mechanism of termination that is tightly linked with the promoter. Recently, we identified the Little Elongation Complex (LEC) in Drosophila that is required for the expression of Pol II-transcribed snRNA genes. Here, we identify the molecular mechanism by which LEC specifically regulates Pol II-dependent snRNA gene transcription. We present genetic and molecular evidence from both Drosophila and mammals that LEC regulates both initiation and elongation stages of transcription of Pol II-transcribed snRNA genes.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE47938 | GEO | 2013/08/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA208481

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Multiple roles for LEC in initiation and elongation phases of snRNA gene transcription

Project description:The small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes have been widely used as a model system for understanding transcriptional regulation due to unique aspects of their promoter structure, selectivity for either RNA Polymerase (Pol) II or III and a unique mechanism of termination that is tightly linked with the promoter. Recently, we identified the Little Elongation Complex (LEC) in Drosophila that is required for the expression of Pol II-transcribed snRNA genes. Here, we identify the molecular mechanism by which LEC specifically regulates Pol II-dependent snRNA gene transcription. We present genetic and molecular evidence from both Drosophila and mammals that LEC regulates both initiation and elongation stages of transcription of Pol II-transcribed snRNA genes. In human HCT116 cells we performed: ChIP-seq of ICE1, ICE2, ZC3H8, ELL, and AFF4; total RNA-seq following ICE1 knock-down and non-targeting (GFP) knock-down; ChIP-seq of ICE1 and Pol II following non-targetting (shGFP) and ICE1 knock-down (shICE1). In fly S2 cells we performed: Ice1 ChIP-seq following small hairpin knock-down of GFP (shGFP/non-targeting control) and Ice1 (knock-down of Ice1); ChIP-seq of Pol II following small hairpin knock-down of GFP (shGFP/non-targeting control), Ice1 (knock-down of Ice1), and Ell (knock-down of Ell).

2013-08-08 | E-GEOD-47938 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The little elongation complex (LEC) regulates small nuclear RNA transcription

Project description:The Eleven-nineteen Lysine-rich Leukemia (ELL)-containing Super Elongation Complex (SEC) containing P-TEFb is a key regulator in the expression of HOX genes in Mixed Lineage Leukemia (MLL)-based leukemia. We have identified an SEC-like complex in Drosophila, as well as a distinct ELL-containing complex that lacks P-TEFb and other components of SEC named the "little elongation complex" (LEC). LEC subunits are highly enriched at RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) transcribed small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes and the loss of LEC results in decreased snRNA expression in both flies and mammals. The discovery of specificity of SEC and LEC complexes for mRNA and snRNA containing genes, respectively, suggest the presence of specific classes of elongation factors for each class of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. Examination of genome-wide binding profiles for ELL, Ice1, Lilli, and Pol II in D. melanogaster and by ChIP-seq. Identification of differentially expressed genes in ELL-RNAi and Ice1-RNAi in D. melanogaster by RNA-seq. Examination of genome-wide binding profiles for ELL in M. musculus. Identification of differentially expressed genes in ELL-RNAi in M. musculus by RNA-seq.

2011-12-22 | E-GEOD-32120 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The little elongation complex (LEC) regulates small nuclear RNA transcription

2011-12-22 | GSE32120 | GEO

The role of Mediator and Little Elongation Complex in transcription termination

Project description:Mediator is a coregulatory complex involved in regulating the transcription of Pol II-dependent genes. Metazoan Mediator subunit MED26 functions as a docking site for the ELL/EAF-containing Super Elongation Complex (SEC) and L ittle Elongation Complex (LEC), which regulate the expression of distinct genes. MED26 helps to recruit SEC to protein-coding genes including c-Myc and LEC to small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes. However, why MED26 takes advantage of SEC or LEC to regulate different claases of genes is unclear. Here, we present evidence that MED26 recruits LEC to support optimal transcription termination at non-polyadenylated genes including snRNA and replication-dependent histone (RDH) genes. Our findings indicate that LEC recruited by MED26 promotes efficient transcription termination by Pol II through interaction with CBC-ARS2 and NELF/DSIF, and then LEC promotes 3’-end processing through the recruitment of Integrator or Heat labile factor to snRNA or RDH genes, respectively.

2020-01-21 | GSE121024 | GEO

The little elongation complex (LEC) regulates small nuclear RNA transcription

Project description:The little elongation complex (LEC) regulates small nuclear RNA transcription

| PRJNA147449 | ENA

CK2 regulates transcriptional elongation

Project description:CK2 binds to actively transcribed regions in the genome and regulates transcriptional elongation. Identification of genome-wide binding sites of CK2?, and examination of the effect of Pol II binding upon CK2 inhibition in LNCaP cells

2014-09-30 | E-GEOD-58607 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Multiple roles for LEC in initiation and elongation phases of snRNA gene transcription

Project description:Multiple roles for LEC in initiation and elongation phases of snRNA gene transcription

| PRJNA208481 | ENA

CBP regulates promoter-proximal RNA polymerase II

Project description:Transcription activation involves RNA polymerase II (Pol II) recruitment and release from the promoter into productive elongation, but how specific chromatin regulators control these steps is not fully understood. Here we identify a novel activity of the co-regulator and histone acetyltransferase p300/CBP in positioning promoter-proximal paused Pol II. We find that CBP inhibition impedes transcription through the +1 nucleosome, causing âdribblingâ of Pol II from the canonical pause site genome-wide. We further discovered that promoters strongly occupied by Drosophila CBP and GAGA-factor have high levels of paused Pol II, a unique chromatin signature and strong expression regardless of cell type. Interestingly, CBP activity is rate-limiting for Pol II recruitment to these highly-paused promoters but for transit into elongation at other genes. Thus, we uncover a key role forÂ CBP during transcription in directly controlling different rate-limiting steps depending on promoter features. Examination of transcriptional regulation with and without CBP inhibition for 10 minutes in Drosophila S2 cells. Two biological replicates for each condition.

2016-08-01 | E-GEOD-81649 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Structural basis of SNAPc-dependent snRNA transcription intiation by RNA polymerase II

Project description:RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) carries out transcription of both protein-coding and non-coding genes. Whereas Pol II initiation at protein-coding genes has been studied in detail, Pol II initiation at non-coding genes such as small nuclear RNA (snRNA) genes is not understood at the structural level. Here we study Pol II initiation at snRNA gene promoters and show that the snRNA-activating protein complex (SNAPc) enables DNA opening and transcription initiation independent of TFIIE and TFIIH in vitro. We then resolve cryo-EM structures of the SNAPc-containing Pol II preinitiation complex (PIC) assembled on U1 and U5 snRNA promoters. The core of SNAPc binds two turns of DNA and recognizes the snRNA promoter-specific proximal sequence element (PSE) located upstream of the TATA box-binding protein TBP. Two extensions of SNAPc called wing-1 and wing-2 bind TFIIA and TFIIB, respectively, explaining how SNAPc directs Pol II to snRNA promoters. Comparison of structures of closed and open promoter complexes elucidates TFIIH-independent DNA opening. These results provide the structural basis of Pol II initiation at non-coding RNA gene promoters.

2023-03-11 | PXD033638 | Pride

Structural basis of human transcription-DNA repair coupling

Project description:Transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR) efficiently removes bulky DNA lesions from transcribed parts of the genome and constitutes a major defence against DNA damage by UV irradiation. TCR begins when RNA polymerase II (Pol II) stalls at a DNA lesion and recruits the Cockayne syndrome protein CsB, the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex CRL4CsA, and the UV-stimulated scaffold protein A (UVSSA). Here we provide five high-resolution structures of Pol II transcription complexes with bound TCR factors and complementary biochemical data. Together with published work, our results converge on a model for the molecular mechanism of transcription-DNA repair coupling. In this model, Pol II stalling triggers the formation of an alternative transcription elongation complex that we call ECact. In ECact, CsB has replaced the elongation factor DSIF, binds the PAF1 complex, and repositions upstream DNA such that it contacts the elongation factor SPT6. The CsB translocase now pulls on the upstream DNA template, thereby pushing Pol II forward. If the lesion cannot be bypassed, Pol II gets stably stalled. CRL4CsA spans over the Pol II clamp to reach the Pol II jaw and direct ubiquitination of RPB1 residue lysine-1268. This triggers the recruitment of TFIIH to UVSSA, which is located at downstream DNA, and enables nucleotide excision repair. Finally, large-scale conformational changes in CRL4CsA enable ubiquitination of CsB and the release of TCR factors, thereby allowing Pol II to resume elongation and continue transcription over repaired DNA.

2022-02-17 | PXD025328 | Pride

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