Cyclin D1 determines estrogen dependent signaling in human breast cancer cell line MCF7
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE48989 | GEO | 2013/07/18
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA212533
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The CCND1 gene, which is frequently overexpressed in cancers, encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates the retinoblastoma protein (pRb). It is known that cyclin D1 regulates ERM-NM-1 transactivation using heterologous reporter systems, the significance of this observation to E2 dependent gene activation is unknow. E2 stimulated MCF7 cells treated with cyclin D1 siRNA in order to analyze the genes regulated by estradiol in a cyclin D1 dependent manner. Hormone deprived MCF7 cells were treated with cyclin D1 siRNA or control siRNA and stimulated with E2 or vehicle Four separate 10cm plates of MCF7 cells treated with control siRNA were compared to four 10cm plates of MCF7 cells treated with cyclin D1 siRNA. 2 plates in each group treated with vehicle and two plates treated with E2.
2013-07-18 | E-GEOD-48989 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Genomic aberrations of Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and CDK4 in neuroblastoma indicate that dysregulation of the G1 entry checkpoint is an important cell cycle aberration in this pediatric tumor. Here we report that analysis of Affymetrix expression data of primary neuroblastic tumors shows an extensive over-expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 which correlates with histological subgroups and prognosis respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated an over-expression of Cyclin D1 in neuroblasts and a low Cyclin D1 expression in all cell types in ganglioneuroma. This suggests an involvement of G1 regulating genes in neuronal differentiation processes which we further evaluated using RNA interference against Cyclin D1 and its kinase partner CDK4 in several neuroblastoma cell lines. This resulted in pRb pathway inhibition as shown by an almost complete disappearance of CDK4 specific pRb phosphorylation; reduction of E2F transcriptional activity and a decrease of Cyclin A protein levels. The Cyclin D1 and CDK4 knock-down resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation, a G1 specific cell cycle arrest and moreover an extensive neuronal differentiation. Affymetrix microarray profiling of siRNA treated cells revealed a shift in expression profile towards a neuronal phenotype. Several new potential downstream players are identified. We conclude that neuroblastoma functionally depend on over-expression of G1 regulating genes to maintain their undifferentiated phenotype. Keywords: Neuroblastoma, CCND1, Cyclin D1, CDK4
2008-08-20 | GSE8866 | GEO
Project description:Genomic aberrations of Cyclin D1 (CCND1) and CDK4 in neuroblastoma indicate that dysregulation of the G1 entry checkpoint is an important cell cycle aberration in this pediatric tumor. Here we report that analysis of Affymetrix expression data of primary neuroblastic tumors shows an extensive over-expression of Cyclin D1 and CDK4 which correlates with histological subgroups and prognosis respectively. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated an over-expression of Cyclin D1 in neuroblasts and a low Cyclin D1 expression in all cell types in ganglioneuroma. This suggests an involvement of G1 regulating genes in neuronal differentiation processes which we further evaluated using RNA interference against Cyclin D1 and its kinase partner CDK4 in several neuroblastoma cell lines. This resulted in pRb pathway inhibition as shown by an almost complete disappearance of CDK4 specific pRb phosphorylation; reduction of E2F transcriptional activity and a decrease of Cyclin A protein levels. The Cyclin D1 and CDK4 knock-down resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation, a G1 specific cell cycle arrest and moreover an extensive neuronal differentiation. Affymetrix microarray profiling of siRNA treated cells revealed a shift in expression profile towards a neuronal phenotype. Several new potential downstream players are identified. We conclude that neuroblastoma functionally depend on over-expression of G1 regulating genes to maintain their undifferentiated phenotype. Experiment Overall Design: The Cell line IMR-32 at time point 0 and transiently transfected with siRNA against GFP, Cyclin D1 and CDK4 at time point 48 hours. All experiments are biological triplicates.
2008-10-25 | E-GEOD-8866 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The cyclin D1 oncogene encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the Rb protein and promotes progression through G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. Several prostate cancer cell lines and a subset of primary prostate cancer samples have increased cyclin D1 protein expression. However, the relationship between cyclin D1 expression and prostate tumor progression has yet to be clearly characterized. This study examined the effects of manipulating cyclin D1 expression in either human prostatic epithelial or stromal cells using a tissue recombination model. The data showed that overexpression of cyclin D1 in the initiated BPH-1 cell line increased cell proliferation rate, but did not elicit tumorigenicity in vivo. However, overexpression of cyclin D1 in Normal Prostate Fibroblasts (NPF) that were subsequently recombined with BPH-1 did induce malignant transformation of the epithelial cells. The present study also showed that recombination of BPH-1 + cyclin D1 overexpressing fibroblasts (NPF cyclin D1) resulted in permanent malignant transformation of epithelial cells (BPH-1 NPF-cyclin D1 cells) similar to that seen with Carcinoma Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs). Microarray analysis showed that the expression profiles between CAFs and NPF cyclin D1 cells were highly concordant including cyclin D1 upregulation. These data indicated that the tumor-promoting activity of cyclin D1 may be tissue-specific. Keywords: cyclin D1; stromal-epithelial interactions; prostate cancer; cDNA microarray
2007-09-01 | GSE6936 | GEO
Project description:Interferons have been ascribed to mediate antitumor effects. IRF-1 is a major target gene of interferons. It inhibits cell proliferation and oncogenic transformation. Here we show that 60% of all mRNAs deregulated by oncogenic transformation mediated by c-myc and H-ras are reverted to the expression levels of non-transformed cells by IRF-1. These include cell cycle regulating genes. Activation of IRF-1 decreases cyclin D1 expression and CDK4 kinase activity concomitant with dephosphorylation of pRb. These effects of IRF-1 are mediated by inhibition of the MEK-ERK pathway and a transcriptional repression of cyclin D1. IRF-1 mediated effects on cell cycle progression were found to be overridden by ectopic expression of cyclin D1. Ablation of cyclin D1 by RNA interference experiments prevents transformation and tumor growth in nude mice. The data demonstrate that cyclin D1 is a key target for IRF-1 mediated tumor suppressive effects. Keywords: NIH3T3 cells, myc, ras, IRF-1, proliferation, transformation, G1/S cell cycle ceckpoint
2006-12-16 | GSE6505 | GEO
Project description:Cyclin D1 is a well characterised cell cycle regulator with established oncogenic capabilities. Despite these properties, studies report contrasting links to tumour aggressiveness. It has previously been shown that silencing cyclin D1 increases the migratory capacity of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with concomitant increase in ‘inhibitor of differentiation 1’ (ID1) gene expression. Id1 is known to be associated with more invasive features of cancer and with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we sought to determine if the increase in cell motility following cyclin D1 silencing was mediated by Id1 and enhanced EMT-features. To further substantiate these findings we aimed to delineate the link between CCND1, ID1 and EMT, as well as clinical properties in primary breast cancer. The increase in cell migration following cyclin D1 silencing in MDA-MB-231 cells was abolished by Id1 siRNA treatment and we observed cyclin D1 occupancy of the Id1 promoter region. Moreover, ID1 and SNAI2 gene expression was increased following cyclin D1 knock-down, an effect reversed with Id1 siRNA treatment. Similar migratory and SNAI2 increases were noted for the ER-positive ZR75-1 cell line, but in an Id1 independent manner. In a meta-analysis of 1107 breast cancer samples, CCND1 and ID1 gene expression were associated with mesenchymal-markers including SNAI1, SNAI2 and TWIST1, and with clinicopathological parameters. Finally, a greater percentage of CCND1low/ID1high tumours were found in the EMT-like ‘claudin-low’ subtype of breast cancer than in other subtypes. Together, these results indicate that increased migration of MDA-MB-231 cells following cyclin D1 silencing can be mediated by Id1 and is linked to an increase in EMT markers. Moreover, we have confirmed a relationship between cyclin D1, Id1 and EMT in primary breast cancer, supporting our in vitro findings that low cyclin D1 expression can be linked to aggressive features in subgroups of breast cancer. MDA-MB-231 cells were transfected with cyclin D1, CDK4/6 or control siRNA.
2011-10-12 | E-GEOD-27260 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cyclin D1 is a well characterised cell cycle regulator with established oncogenic capabilities. Despite these properties, studies report contrasting links to tumour aggressiveness. It has previously been shown that silencing cyclin D1 increases the migratory capacity of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells with concomitant increase in ‘inhibitor of differentiation 1’ (ID1) gene expression. Id1 is known to be associated with more invasive features of cancer and with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Here, we sought to determine if the increase in cell motility following cyclin D1 silencing was mediated by Id1 and enhanced EMT-features. To further substantiate these findings we aimed to delineate the link between CCND1, ID1 and EMT, as well as clinical properties in primary breast cancer. The increase in cell migration following cyclin D1 silencing in MDA-MB-231 cells was abolished by Id1 siRNA treatment and we observed cyclin D1 occupancy of the Id1 promoter region. Moreover, ID1 and SNAI2 gene expression was increased following cyclin D1 knock-down, an effect reversed with Id1 siRNA treatment. Similar migratory and SNAI2 increases were noted for the ER-positive ZR75-1 cell line, but in an Id1 independent manner. In a meta-analysis of 1107 breast cancer samples, CCND1 and ID1 gene expression were associated with mesenchymal-markers including SNAI1, SNAI2 and TWIST1, and with clinicopathological parameters. Finally, a greater percentage of CCND1low/ID1high tumours were found in the EMT-like ‘claudin-low’ subtype of breast cancer than in other subtypes. Together, these results indicate that increased migration of MDA-MB-231 cells following cyclin D1 silencing can be mediated by Id1 and is linked to an increase in EMT markers. Moreover, we have confirmed a relationship between cyclin D1, Id1 and EMT in primary breast cancer, supporting our in vitro findings that low cyclin D1 expression can be linked to aggressive features in subgroups of breast cancer.
2011-10-13 | GSE27260 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of mammary glands from tet-inducible(rtTA) transgenic mice expressing cyclin D1 using Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST GeneChip arrays. MMTV-rtTA transgenic mice (MMTV-Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus promoter) were cross-mated to cyclin D1 transgenic mice under control of tet operon. 8-week-old tetracycline-inducible cyclin D1/rtTA bi-transgenic pregnant female mice (12 days postcoitus) were treated with doxycycline through drinking water supplementation at a final concentration of 2 mg/ml. Control mice were rtTA transgenics alone and treated in the same manner. After 7 days of doxycycline treatment, the mice were sacrificed and mammary glands taken for RNA isolation. Results provide insight into the in vivo gene expression pattern regulated by cyclin D1 through acute induction. Analysis of mammary glands from MMTV-cyclin D1/WT and MMTV-cyclin D1/KE using Affymetrix Mouse 430A v2.0 GeneChip arrays. Cyclin D1 point mutant, cyclin D1/KE K112E (K112E) contains a lysine to glutamine substitution at amino acid position 112. cyclin D1. The cyclin D1/KE mutant fails to induce cyclin D1-dependent kinase activity. Female MFD1, MFD1-KE, and WT mice were monitored twice weekly, up to 760 days, for the development of palpable tumors. Those developing palpable tumors were sacrificed within a week of tumor detection. Tumors were dissected and portions snap frozen for RNA isolation. Results provide insight into the in vivo gene expression pattern regulated by cyclin D1 that is kinase independent.
2013-12-31 | GSE43216 | GEO
Project description:Analysis of mammary glands from tet-inducible(rtTA) transgenic mice expressing cyclin D1 using Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.0 ST GeneChip arrays. MMTV-rtTA transgenic mice (MMTV-Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus promoter) were cross-mated to cyclin D1 transgenic mice under control of tet operon. 8-week-old tetracycline-inducible cyclin D1/rtTA bi-transgenic pregnant female mice (12 days postcoitus) were treated with doxycycline through drinking water supplementation at a final concentration of 2 mg/ml. Control mice were rtTA transgenics alone and treated in the same manner. After 7 days of doxycycline treatment, the mice were sacrificed and mammary glands taken for RNA isolation. Results provide insight into the in vivo gene expression pattern regulated by cyclin D1 through acute induction. Analysis of mammary glands from MMTV-cyclin D1/WT and MMTV-cyclin D1/KE using Affymetrix Mouse 430A v2.0 GeneChip arrays. Cyclin D1 point mutant, cyclin D1/KE K112E (K112E) contains a lysine to glutamine substitution at amino acid position 112. cyclin D1. The cyclin D1/KE mutant fails to induce cyclin D1-dependent kinase activity. Female MFD1, MFD1-KE, and WT mice were monitored twice weekly, up to 760 days, for the development of palpable tumors. Those developing palpable tumors were sacrificed within a week of tumor detection. Tumors were dissected and portions snap frozen for RNA isolation. Results provide insight into the in vivo gene expression pattern regulated by cyclin D1 that is kinase independent. Two separate control mice were positive for MMTV-rtTA transgene compared to 3 separate cyclin D1/rtTA bitransgenic female mice and 3 separate cyclin D1 KE mutant/rtTA bitransgenic female mice (Mouse Gene 1.0 ST arrays). Three separate control WT FvBmice were compared to three MMTV-cyclin D1/WT and 3 MMTV-cyclin D1/KE mice (Mouse 430A v2.0 arrays).
2013-12-31 | E-GEOD-43216 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The cyclin D1 oncogene encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the Rb protein and promotes progression through G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. Several prostate cancer cell lines and a subset of primary prostate cancer samples have increased cyclin D1 protein expression. However, the relationship between cyclin D1 expression and prostate tumor progression has yet to be clearly characterized. This study examined the effects of manipulating cyclin D1 expression in either human prostatic epithelial or stromal cells using a tissue recombination model. The data showed that overexpression of cyclin D1 in the initiated BPH-1 cell line increased cell proliferation rate, but did not elicit tumorigenicity in vivo. However, overexpression of cyclin D1 in Normal Prostate Fibroblasts (NPF) that were subsequently recombined with BPH-1 did induce malignant transformation of the epithelial cells. The present study also showed that recombination of BPH-1 + cyclin D1 overexpressing fibroblasts (NPF cyclin D1) resulted in permanent malignant transformation of epithelial cells (BPH-1 NPF-cyclin D1 cells) similar to that seen with Carcinoma Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs). Microarray analysis showed that the expression profiles between CAFs and NPF cyclin D1 cells were highly concordant including cyclin D1 upregulation. These data indicated that the tumor-promoting activity of cyclin D1 may be tissue-specific. Keywords: cyclin D1; stromal-epithelial interactions; prostate cancer; cDNA microarray NPF cyclin D1 cells were generated from NPFs, which were isolated from two different patient samples; CAFs were isolated from two different patient samples as well. RNA was isolated from NPFs, CAFs, and NPF cyclin D1 cells using total RNA isolation kit (Qiagen). Custom spotted cDNA microarrays were constructed as previously described (True, L., Coleman, I., Hawley, S., Huang, C. Y., Gifford, D., Coleman, R., Beer, T. M., Gelmann, E., Datta, M., Mostaghel, E., Knudsen, B., Lange, P., Vessella, R., Lin, D., Hood, L., and Nelson, P. S. A molecular correlate to the Gleason grading system for prostate adenocarcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 103: 10991-10996, 2006) using a non-redundant set of 6,700 prostate-derived cDNA clones identified from the Prostate Expression Data Base (PEDB), a public sequence repository of expressed sequence tag data derived from human prostate cDNA libraries. Total RNA was amplified through one round of linear amplification using the MessageAmp aRNA kit (Ambion, Austin, TX). Sample quality and quantification was assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis and absorbance at A260. Cy3 and Cy5 labeled cDNA probes were made from 4 M-BM-5g of amplified RNA. Two NPF cyclin D1 and two CAF samples (labeled with Cy3) were hybridized head-to-head with an NPF control sample labeled with Cy5. Probes were hybridized competitively to microarrays under a coverslip for 16 h at 63M-BM-0C. Fluorescent array images were collected for both Cy3 and Cy5 by using a GenePix 4000B fluorescent scanner, and image intensity data were gridded and extracted using GenePix Pro 4.1 software. Differences in gene expression between NPF cyclin D1/NPF and CAF/NPF groups were determined using a two-sample t-test with Significance Analysis of Microarrays (SAM) software (http://www-stat.stanford.edu/_tibs/SAM/) with a False Discovery Rate (FDR) of M-bM-^IM-$ 10% considered significant (Tusher, PNAS, 2001). Similarities in gene expression between NPF cyclin D1/NPF and CAF/NPF groups were determined using a one-sample t-test in SAM with an FDR of M-bM-^IM-$ 0.1% considered significant. These results were reduced to unique genes by eliminating all but the highest scoring clones for each gene. A Pearson correlation coefficient was calculated in Excel to assess the strength of the linear relationship between NPF cyclin D1/NPF and CAF/NPF average log2 ratios.
2007-08-31 | E-GEOD-6936 | biostudies-arrayexpress