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Expression data from pig (Sus Scrofa) ileum tissue from animals receiving different diets at 5 days after weaning

ABSTRACT: Weaning is a very critical period for piglets, typically accompanied by lower feed intake, weight loss after weaning and increased mortality. At weaning, piglets are exposed to many stressors, such as loss of mothering, mixing with other litters, end of lactational immunity, and a change in their environment and gut microbiota. After weaning, morphological and histological changes occur in the small intestine of piglets producing a rapid change of feeding regime which is critical for the immature digestive system. Sixteen female piglets were weaned to assess the effect of sorbic acid supplementation on the small intestine tissue transcriptome. At weaning day (T0), 4 piglets were sacrified and tissue samples collected. The remaining 12 piglets were weighted and randomly assigned to different post weaning (T5) diets. Diet A (n=6) contained 5 g/kg of sorbic acid. Diet B (n=6) is the same as Standard diet. Total RNA was isolated from ileum samples to be analyzed using the a CombiMatrix CustomArrayTM 90K platform . Even though diet had no detectable effect during the first 5 days after weaning, outcomes from this study highlighted some of the response mechanisms to the stress of weaning occurring in the piglet gut. A total of 205 differentially expressed genes were used for functional analysis using bioinformatics through BLAST2GO, Ingenuity Pathway Analysis 8.0, and the Dynamic Impact Aproach (DIA). Bioinformatics analysis revealed that Apoptosis, RIG-I-like and NOD-like receptor signaling were altered as a result of weaning. Results suggest that immune and inflammatory responses were activated and likely are a cause of small intestine atrophy as revealed by a decrease in villus height and villus/crypt ratio. Keywords: weaning, gut, gene expression, sorbic acid, microarray analysis

ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa

PROVIDER: GSE50150 | GEO | 2014/11/14

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA216909

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARÎ±) is a fatty acid-activated transcription factor that governs a variety of biological processes. Little is known about the role of PPARÎ± in the small intestine. Since this organ is frequently exposed to high levels of PPARÎ± ligands via the diet, we set out to characterize the function of PPARÎ± in small intestine using functional genomics experiments and bioinformatics tools. PPARÎ± was expressed at high levels in both human and murine small intestine. Detailed analyses showed that PPARÎ± was expressed highest in villus cells of proximal jejunum. Microarray analyses of total tissue samples revealed, that in addition to genes involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerol metabolism, transcription factors and enzymes connected to sterol and bile acid metabolism, including FXR and SREBP1, were specifically induced. In contrast, genes involved in cell cycle and differentiation, apoptosis, and host defense were repressed by PPARÎ± activation. Additional analyses showed that intestinal PPARÎ± dependent gene regulation occurred in villus cells. Functional implications of array results were corroborated by morphometric data. The repression of genes involved in proliferation and apoptosis was accompanied by a 22% increase in villus height, and a 34% increase in villus area of wild-type animals treated with WY14643. This is the first report providing a comprehensive overview of processes under control of PPARÎ± in the small intestine. We show that PPARÎ± is an important transcriptional regulator in small intestine, which may be of importance for the development of novel foods and therapies for obesity and inflammatory bowel diseases. Experiment Overall Design: Pure bred wild-type (129S1/SvImJ) and PPARÎ±-null (129S4/SvJae) mice were treated with the synthetic PPARÎ± ligand WY14,643 (0.1% w/w) for 5 days. The complete intestines were then removed and total RNA was isolated. Experiment Overall Design: In total 4 experimental groups were present: wild type mice fed the control diet (AIN93M), wild type mice fed the control diet supplemented with 0.1% w/w WY14,643 for 5 days, PPARÎ± knockout mice fed the control diet, PPARÎ± knockout mice fed the control diet supplemented with 0.1% w/wWY14,643 for 5 days. Experiment Overall Design: RNA of 3 biological replicates was hybridized to Affymetrix 430A arrays. Experiment Overall Design: Five microgram total RNA was labelled according to the ENZO-protocol, fragmented and hybridized according to Affymetrix's protocols.

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Expression data from pig (Sus Scrofa) ileum tissue from animals receiving different diets at 5 days after weaning

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