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A family of nonclassical class I MHC genes contributes to ultrasensitive chemodetection by mouse vomeronasal sensory neurons

ABSTRACT: We applied the NanoString gene expression platform to total RNA isolated from the vomeronasal mucosa of mice of a strain (∆H2Mv) in which we had excised with chromosome engineering a 530 kb genomic region that encompasses nine non-classical class I MHC genes that are expressed specifically in vomeronasal sensory neurons. At three weeks of age, there is no difference of expression for all Vmn2r genes tested; and at eight weeks of age, there is no difference of expression for the majority of Vmn2r genes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE54061 | GEO | 2014/04/09

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA234500

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A family of nonclassical class I MHC genes contributes to ultrasensitive chemodetection by mouse vomeronasal sensory neurons

Project description:We applied the NanoString gene expression platform to total RNA isolated from the vomeronasal mucosa of mice of a strain (M-bM-^HM-^FH2Mv) in which we had excised with chromosome engineering a 530 kb genomic region that encompasses nine non-classical class I MHC genes that are expressed specifically in vomeronasal sensory neurons. At three weeks of age, there is no difference of expression for all Vmn2r genes tested; and at eight weeks of age, there is no difference of expression for the majority of Vmn2r genes. We designed NanoString probes for one third of the mouse Vmn2r gene repertoire, based on the reference C57BL/6 genome sequence. CodeSet Chanel includes probes for 46 Vmn2r genes and nine non-classical class I MHC H2-Mv genes that are expressed specifically in mouse vomeronasal sensory neurons. Results were analyzed with tTREAT.

2014-04-09 | E-GEOD-54061 | biostudies-arrayexpress

A family of nonclassical class I MHC genes contributes to ultrasensitive chemodetection by mouse vomeronasal sensory neurons.

Project description:The mouse vomeronasal organ (VNO) has a pivotal role in chemical communication. The vomeronasal sensory neuroepithelium consists of distinct populations of vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs). A subset of VSNs, with cell bodies in the basal part of the basal layer, coexpress Vmn2r G-protein-coupled receptor genes with H2-Mv genes, a family of nine nonclassical class I major histocompatibility complex genes. The in vivo, physiological roles of the H2-Mv gene family remain mysterious more than a decade after the discovery of combinatorial H2-Mv gene expression in VSNs. Here, we have taken a genetic approach and have deleted the 530 kb cluster of H2-Mv genes in the mouse germline by chromosome engineering. Homozygous mutant mice (?H2Mv mice) are viable and fertile. There are no major anatomical defects in their VNO and accessory olfactory bulb (AOB). Their VSNs can be stimulated with chemostimuli (peptides and proteins) to the same maximum responses as VSNs of wild-type mice, but require much higher concentrations. This physiological phenotype is displayed at the single-cell level and is cell autonomous: single V2rf2-expressing VSNs, which normally coexpress H2-Mv genes, display a decreased sensitivity to a peptide ligand in ?H2Mv mice, whereas single V2r1b-expressing VSNs, which do not coexpress H2-Mv genes, show normal sensitivity to a peptide ligand in ?H2Mv mice. Consistent with the greatly decreased VSN sensitivity, ?H2Mv mice display pronounced deficits in aggressive and sexual behaviors. Thus, H2-Mv genes are not absolutely essential for the generation of physiological responses, but are required for ultrasensitive chemodetection by a subset of VSNs.

| S-EPMC4050176 | biostudies-literature

Transcriptional instability prevents dispersion of functional vomeronasal receptor genes [rat]

Project description:Rodents perceive pheromones via vomeronasal receptors encoded by the Vr and Fpr gene superfamilies. The evolution of these latter is exceptionally dynamic. We report here that high numbers of V1r pseudogenes are scattered in mammalian genomes, contrasting with the clustered organization of functional V1r and Fpr genes. We also found that V1r pseudogenes are more likely to be expressed when located in a functional V1r gene cluster than when isolated. To explore the potential regulatory role played by the association of functional vomeronasal receptor genes with their clusters, we dissociated the mouse Fpr-rs3 from its native cluster via transgenesis. Singular and specific transgenic Fpr-rs3 transcription was observed in young vomeronasal neurons, but was only transient. Our data point to the existence of transcription stabilizing elements not coupled to vomeronasal gene units but rather associated with vomeronasal gene clusters, and thus explain the evolutionary conserved clustered organization of functional vomeronasal genes.

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Transcriptional instability prevents dispersion of functional vomeronasal receptor genes [mouse]

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Transcriptional instability prevents dispersion of functional vomeronasal receptor genes [scRNA-seq]

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Project description:The vomeronasal organ (VNO) of mice contains two main types of vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs)- Apical and Basal. Apical VSNs express vomeronasal receptors (VRs) of the V1R family and project to the anterior accessory olfactory bulb (AOB) and VSNs in the basal portions of the epithelium express receptors of the V2R family and project to the posterior portion of the AOB. In the vomeronasal epithelium of mice we found active BMP signaling. By generating Smad4 conditional mutants we disrupted canonical TGF-b/BMP signaling in either maturing basal VSNs or in mature apical and basal VSNs.

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single cell RNA sequencing of adult (P60) vomeronasal organ

Project description:The vomeronasal organ of mice consists of two major types of vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs) expressing either receptors of the V1R or V2R family. V1R and V2R VSNs form from a common pool of progenitors but have distinct differentiation programs. We analyzed single cell RNA sequencing data of adult VNO and identified differential expression of Notch1 receptor and Dll4 ligand among the neuronal precursors at the VSN dichotomy. We further demonstrated that Notch signaling is required for effective differentiation of V2R+ basal VSNs.

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RNA-seq of vomeronasal tissue from adult male and female mice

Project description:High-throughput sequencing of vomeronasal tissues of adult male and female mice

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Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Organization of the Mouse Vomeronasal organ at Single Cell Resolution

Project description:We have generated single cell transcriptomic atlases of vomeronasal organs (VNO) from juvenile and adult mice. Combined with spatial molecular imaging, we uncover a distinct, previously unidentified class of cells that express the vomeronasal receptors and a population of canonical olfactory sensory neurons in the VNO. High resolution trajectory and cluster analyses reveal the lineage relationship, spatial distribution of cell types, and a putative cascade of molecular events that specify the V1r, V2r, and OR lineages from a common stem cell population. The expression of vomeronasal and olfactory receptors follow power law distributions, but there are high variabilities in average expression levels between individual receptor and cell types. Substantial co-expression is found between receptors across clades, from different classes, and between olfactory and vomeronasal receptors, with nearly half from pairs located on the same chromosome. Interestingly, the expression of V2r, but not V1r, genes is associated with various transcription factors, suggesting distinct mechanisms of receptor choice associated with the two cell types. We identify association between transcription factors, surface axon guidance molecules, and individual VRs, thereby uncovering a molecular code that guides the specification of the vomeronasal circuitry. Our study provides a wealth of data on the development and organization of the accessory olfactory system at both cellular and molecular levels to enable a deeper understanding of vomeronasal system function.

2024-02-29 | GSE252365 | GEO

Pronounced Strain-Specific Chemosensory Receptor Gene Expression in the Mouse Vomeronasal Organ

Project description:Our study reports strain specific expression and abensce of sexual dimorphic expression in mouse vomeronasal epithelial tissue

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