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Negative reciprocal regulation between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates the circadian clock and aging (microarray expression)

ABSTRACT: Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is involved in both aging and circadian-clock regulation, yet the link between the two processes in relation to SIRT1 function is not clear. Using Sirt1-deficient mice, we found that Sirt1 and Period 2 (Per2) constitute a reciprocal negative regulation loop that plays important roles in modulating hepatic circadian rhythmicity and aging. Sirt1-deficient mice exhibited profound premature aging and enhanced acetylation of histone H4 on lysine16 (H4K16) in the promoter of Per2, the latter of which leads to its overexpression; in turn, Per2 suppresses Sirt1 transcription through binding to the Sirt1 promoter at the Clock/Bmal1 site. This negative reciprocal relationship between SIRT1 and PER2 was also observed in human hepatocytes. We further demonstrated that the absence of Sirt1 or the ectopic overexpression of Per2 in the liver resulted in a dysregulated pace of the circadian rhythm. The similar circadian rhythm was also observed in aged wild type mice. The interplay between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates aging gene expression and circadian-clock maintenance.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE54436 | GEO | 2016/08/08

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA236492

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Negative reciprocal regulation between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates the circadian clock and aging (microarray expression)

Project description:Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is involved in both aging and circadian-clock regulation, yet the link between the two processes in relation to SIRT1 function is not clear. Using Sirt1-deficient mice, we found that Sirt1 and Period 2 (Per2) constitute a reciprocal negative regulation loop that plays important roles in modulating hepatic circadian rhythmicity and aging. Sirt1-deficient mice exhibited profound premature aging and enhanced acetylation of histone H4 on lysine16 (H4K16) in the promoter of Per2, the latter of which leads to its overexpression; in turn, Per2 suppresses Sirt1 transcription through binding to the Sirt1 promoter at the Clock/Bmal1 site. This negative reciprocal relationship between SIRT1 and PER2 was also observed in human hepatocytes. We further demonstrated that the absence of Sirt1 or the ectopic overexpression of Per2 in the liver resulted in a dysregulated pace of the circadian rhythm. The similar circadian rhythm was also observed in aged wild type mice. The interplay between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates aging gene expression and circadian-clock maintenance. To investigate hepatic SIRT1-dependent aging related genes, livers from wild type mice at 3 months (young), 12 months (middle age), and 19 months (old) of age, as well as Sirt1-deficient mice at 3 months of age were snap frozen and subject to RNA isolation and microarray analysis.

2016-08-08 | E-GEOD-54436 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Negative reciprocal regulation between SIRT1 and Per2 in circadian clock during aging (ChIP-Seq)

Project description:SIRT1 is involved in both aging and circadian clock regulation, yet the link between the two processes in relation to SIRT1 function is unclear. Analyzing SIRT1-deficient cells and mice, we demonstrated that SIRT1 and Per2 constitute a reciprocal negative regulation loop that plays important roles in modulating circadian rhythmicity, metabolism and aging. SIRT1-deficient mice exhibit profound premature aging and enhanced H4K16 acetylation in the promoter of Per2 leading to its overexpression; in turn, Per2 suppresses SIRT1 transcription through binding to SIRT1 promoter at the CLOCK/BMAL1 site. We further demonstrated that absence of SIRT1 or ectopic overexpression of Per2 in the liver resulted in an accelerated pace of circadian rhythm and dysregulated amplitude, mimicking the natural process of circadian shortening in aged mice. Thus the interplay between SIRT1 and Per2 provides a link between the life-long sequence of aging and circadian clock maintenance.

2016-08-08 | GSE54449 | GEO

Negative reciprocal regulation between SIRT1 and Per2 in circadian clock during aging

Project description:Negative reciprocal regulation between SIRT1 and Per2 in circadian clock during aging

| PRJNA236544 | ENA

NAD+ controls circadian reprogramming through PER2 nuclear translocation to counter aging

Project description:Disrupted sleep-wake and molecular circadian rhythms are a feature of aging associated with metabolic disease and reduced levels of NAD+, yet whether changes in nucleotide metabolism control circadian behavioral and genomic rhythms remains unknown. Here we reveal that supplementation with the NAD+ precursor nicotinamide riboside (NR) markedly reprograms metabolic and stress-response pathways that decline with aging through inhibition of the clock repressor PER2. NR enhances BMAL1 chromatin binding genome-wide through PER2K680 deacetylation, which in turn primes PER2 phosphorylation within a domain that controls nuclear transport and stability and which is mutated in human advanced sleep phase syndrome. In old mice, dampened BMAL1 chromatin binding, transcriptional oscillations, mitochondrial respiration rhythms, and late evening activity are restored by NAD+ repletion to youthful levels with NR. These results reveal effects of NAD+ on metabolism and the circadian system with aging through the spatiotemporal control of the molecular clock.

2020-05-04 | GSE133989 | GEO

Interactome of the circadian clock protein PERIOD2 in human U2OS osteosarcoma cells after the resetting of the circadian clock

Project description:Circadian rhythms are a series of endogenous autonomous 24-hour oscillations generated by the circadian clock. At the molecular level, the circadian clock is generated by a transcription-translation feedback loop, where BMAL1 and CLOCK transcription factors of the positive arm activate the expression of CRYPTOCHROME and PERIOD (PER) genes of the negative arm as well as the circadian clock-regulated genes. In this project, we aimed at finding the interactome of PER2 protein in human U2OS osteosarcoma cell line using proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) technique. U2OS clones overexpressing PER2-BioID2 or BioID2 were treated with dexamethasone in order to reset the circadian rhythm, and cells were then incubated in biotin-containing media for 12 hours to label the proteins in close proximity of PER2-BioID2. Samples were collected after 36 and 48 hours of the resetting to identify the labeled proteins by mass spectrometry. In addition to known interactors such as CRY1 and CRY2, many novel interactors were identified. In summary, we obtained a network of PER2 interactome and confirmed some of the novel interactions using classical the co-immunoprecipitation method.

2022-04-22 | PXD025179 | Pride

Mus musculus

Project description:Negative reciprocal regulation between SIRT1 and Per2 in circadian clock during aging (ChIP-Seq)

| PRJNA236564 | ENA

Mus musculus

Project description:Negative reciprocal regulation between Sirt1 and Per2 modulates the circadian clock and aging (microarray expression)

| PRJNA236492 | ENA

PER2 synchronizes mitotic expansion and decidual transformation of human endometrial stromal cells

Project description:Implantation is dependent on synchronized interactions between the conceptus and surrounding decidual cells but the involvement of clock genes in this process is not well understood. Circadian oscillations are predicated on transcriptional-translational feedback loops, which balance the activities of the transcriptional activators CLOCK and BMAL1 and repressors encoded by PER and CRY genes. Here we show that loss of PER2 expression silences circadian oscillations in decidualizing human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs). Downregulation was preceded by reduced CLOCK binding to a noncanonical E-box enhancer in the PER2 promoter and occurred between 12 - 24 h after exposure to a deciduogenic stimulus. RNA sequencing revealed that premature inhibition of PER2 by siRNA knockdown leads to a grossly disorganised decidual response. Gene ontology analysis highlighted a preponderance of cell cycle regulators amongst the 1,121 genes perturbed upon PER2 knockdown. Congruently, PER2 inhibition abrogated mitotic expansion of differentiating HESCs by inducing cell cycle block at G2/M. Analysis of mid-luteal endometrial biopsies revealed an inverse correlation between PER2 transcript levels and the number of miscarriages in women suffering reproductive failure. Thus, PER2 synchronizes mitotic expansion of HESCs with a periodic decidual gene expression; uncoupling of these events may cause persistent pregnancy failure. Endometrial mRNA profiles of paired control (siRNA-NT) and siRNA-PER2 were generated by deep sequencing, in triplicate using Illumina

2015-09-16 | E-GEOD-62854 | biostudies-arrayexpress

More than the clock: distinct regulation of muscle function and metabolism by PER2 and RORα

Project description:Circadian rhythms, governed by the dominant central as well as various peripheral clocks, regulate almost all biological processes, including sleep-wake cycles, hormone secretion, and metabolism. In certain contexts, regulation and function of the peripheral oscillations can be decoupled from the central clock. However, the specific mechanisms underlying muscle-intrinsic clock-dependent modulation of muscle function and metabolism remain unclear. We investigated the outcome of perturbations of the primary and secondary feedback loops of the molecular clock in skeletal muscle by specific gene ablation of Period 2 (Per2) and RAR-related orphan receptor alpha (RORα), respectively. In both models, a dampening of core clock gene oscillation was observed, while the phase was preserved. Moreover, both loops seem involved in the homeostasis of amine groups. Very divergent outcomes were seen for overall muscle gene expression, primarily affecting circadian rhythmicity in the Per2, and non-oscillating genes in the RORα knockouts, leading to distinct outcomes in terms of metabolome and phenotype. These results highlight the entanglement of the molecular clock and muscle plasticity, and allude to specific functions of different clock components, i.e. the primary and secondary feedback loops, in this context. The reciprocal interaction between muscle contractility and circadian clocks might therefore be instrumental to determine a finely tuned adaptation of muscle tissue to perturbations in health and disease.

2024-01-02 | GSE243522 | GEO

Differential Gene Regulation during murine in vivo heart ischemia comparing wildtype and Per2 deficient mice

Project description:Disruption of peripheral circadian rhyme pathways dominantly leads to metabolic disorders. Studies on circadian rhythm proteins in the heart indicated a role for Clock or Per2 in cardiac metabolism. In fact, Per2-/- mice have larger infarct sizes with a deficient lactate production during myocardial ischemia. To test the hypothesis that cardiac Per2 represents an important regulator of cardiac metabolism during myocardial ischemia, we performed lactate measurements during reperfusion in Per1-/-, Per2-/- or wildtype mice followed by gene array studies using various ischemia-reperfusion protocols comparing wildtype and Per2-/- mice. Lactate measurements in whole blood confirmed a dominant role of Per2 for lactate production during myocardial ischemia. Surprisingly, high-throughput gene array analysis of eight different conditions on one 24-microarray plate revealed dominantly lipid metabolism as differentially regulated pathway in wildtype mice when compared to Per2-/-. In all treatment groups, the enzyme enoyl-CoA hydratase, which is essential in fatty acid beta-oxidation, was regulated in wildtype animals only. Studies using nuclear magnet resonance imaging (NMRI) confirmed altered fatty acid populations with higher mono-unsaturated fatty acid levels in hearts from Per2-/- mice. Unexpectedly, studies on gene regulation during reperfusion revealed solely pro inflammatory genes as differentially regulated 'Per2-genes'. Subsequent studies on inflammatory markers showed increasing IL6 or TNFa levels during reperfusion in Per2-/- mice. In summary, these studies reveal a novel role of cardiac Per2 for fatty acid metabolism or inflammation during myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.

2013-08-21 | GSE45818 | GEO

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