Gene espression Profile by YAP1 and TAZ
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE54617 | GEO | 2014/12/31
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA237194
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Hippo pathway is evolutionarily well conserved. All core components of the pathway identified to date have one or more mammalian orthologs, including MST1/2 (Hippo), SAV1 (Salvador, also known as WW45), LATS1/2 (Warts), MOB1 (Mats), YAP1 and its paralog WWTR1 (also known as TAZ) (Yorkie), and TEAD1/2/3/4 (Scalloped). Ectopic over-expression of YAP1 in mouse liver led to develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world, and accounts for an estimated 600,000 deaths annually. Lack of molecular classification and clinical heterogeneity of this malignant disease hampered the development of standardized treatment. To investigate roles of Hippo pathway in liver carcinogenesis, we generated liver-specific Mst1/2 -/- and Sav1 -/- mouse models and collected gene expression data from them. Our study provided new understanding on molecular characteristics of HCC. Sav1 and Mst1/2 Knockout models
2014-08-23 | E-GEOD-32510 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hippo pathway is evolutionarily well conserved. All core components of the pathway identified to date have one or more mammalian orthologs, including MST1/2 (Hippo), SAV1 (Salvador, also known as WW45), LATS1/2 (Warts), MOB1 (Mats), YAP1 and its paralog WWTR1 (also known as TAZ) (Yorkie), and TEAD1/2/3/4 (Scalloped). Ectopic over-expression of YAP1 in mouse liver led to develop hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC is the third most common cause of cancer-related death in the world, and accounts for an estimated 600,000 deaths annually. Lack of molecular classification and clinical heterogeneity of this malignant disease hampered the development of standardized treatment. To investigate roles of Hippo pathway in liver carcinogenesis, we generated liver-specific Mst1/2 -/- and Sav1 -/- mouse models and collected gene expression data from them. Our study provided new understanding on molecular characteristics of HCC.
2014-08-23 | GSE32510 | GEO
Project description:Human cancer is often caused by dysfunctional developmental pathways, but such mechanisms do not always present clear opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This is exemplified by the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, which is comprised of a kinase module that restrains the function of YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators; a pathway that becomes dysregulated in a wide array of human cancers. Hence, YAP/TAZ hyperactivation is a tumorigenic mechanism and a validated therapeutic target in oncology. In this study, we used a paralog co-targeting genetic screening strategy to identify the kinases MARK2/3 as co-dependencies of YAP/TAZ in diverse cancer contexts. We use biochemical and epistasis experiments to show that MARK2/3 phosphorylate and inhibit the activity of Hippo pathway components NF2, MST1/2, and MAP4Ks, which leads to indirect upstream control of LATS1/2 activity. In addition, MARK2/3 directly phosphorylate YAP/TAZ to shield these coactivators from LATS1/2-mediated inhibition. The net consequence of this multi-level regulation is that YAP/TAZ-dependent human cancers have an absolute requirement for MARK2/3 catalytic activity to sustain tumor cell proliferation and viability. To simulate therapeutic targeting of MARK2/3 in vivo, we adapted the EPIYA-repeat region of the CagA protein from H. pylori as a catalytic inhibitor of MARK2/3, which we show exerts potent anti-tumor activity via on-target mechanisms. Together, these findings reveal MARK2/3 as an obligate catalytic requirement for YAP/TAZ function in human cancer; kinase targets that may allow for novel pharmacology that restores Hippo-mediated tumor suppression.
2024-07-25 | PXD044829 | Pride
Project description:Human cancer is often caused by dysfunctional developmental pathways, but such mechanisms do not always present clear opportunities for therapeutic intervention. This is exemplified by the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, which is comprised of a kinase module that restrains the function of YAP/TAZ transcriptional coactivators; a pathway that becomes dysregulated in a wide array of human cancers. Hence, YAP/TAZ hyperactivation is a tumorigenic mechanism and a validated therapeutic target in oncology. In this study, we used a paralog co-targeting genetic screening strategy to identify the kinases MARK2/3 as co-dependencies of YAP/TAZ in diverse cancer contexts. We use biochemical and epistasis experiments to show that MARK2/3 phosphorylate and inhibit the activity of Hippo pathway components NF2, MST1/2, and MAP4Ks, which leads to indirect upstream control of LATS1/2 activity. In addition, MARK2/3 directly phosphorylate YAP/TAZ to shield these coactivators from LATS1/2-mediated inhibition. The net consequence of this multi-level regulation is that YAP/TAZ-dependent human cancers have an absolute requirement for MARK2/3 catalytic activity to sustain tumor cell proliferation and viability. To simulate therapeutic targeting of MARK2/3 in vivo, we adapted the EPIYA-repeat region of the CagA protein from H. pylori as a catalytic inhibitor of MARK2/3, which we show exerts potent anti-tumor activity via on-target mechanisms. Together, these findings reveal MARK2/3 as an obligate catalytic requirement for YAP/TAZ function in human cancer; kinase targets that may allow for novel pharmacology that restores Hippo-mediated tumor suppression.
2024-07-25 | PXD054192 | Pride
Project description:Background: Post-transcriptional modification of tumor-associated factors plays a pivotal role in breast cancer progression. However, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Modifications to m6A are dynamic and reversible in cancer cells and have been found to impact tumor initiation and progression through various mechanisms. In this study, we explored the regulatory mechanism of m6A methylation in the Hippo pathway, a key pathway involved in cell proliferation and metabolism. Methods: First, a combination of MeRIP-seq, RNA-seq and metabolomics-seq was utilized to reveal the map of m6A modifications in breast cancer tissues and cells. Secondly, we identified the relationship between m6A proteins and LATS1 in m6A regulation in breast cancer cells by performing RNA pull-down assays, RIP-qPCR, MeRIP-qPCR, and RNA stability analysis. The expression and biological functions of METTL3 and YTHDF2 were confirmed in breast cancer cell lines in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we investigated the phosphorylation levels and localization of YAP/TAZ to reveal that the activity of the Hippo pathway could be affected by m6A regulation of LATS1 in breast cancer cells. Results: We demonstrated that m6A regulation plays an important role in proliferation and glycolytic metabolism in breast cancer through the Hippo pathway factor, LATS1. METTL3 was identified as the m6A writer, with YTHDF2 as the reader protein of LATS1 mRNA, which plays a positive role in promoting both tumorigenesis and glycolysis in breast cancer. High levels of m6A modification were induced by METTL3 in LATS1 mRNA. YTHDF2 identified m6A sites in LATS1 mRNA and reduced its stability. Knockout of the protein expression of METTL3 or YTHDF2 increased the expression of LATS1 mRNA and suppressed breast cancer tumorigenesis by activating YAP/TAZ in the Hippo pathway. Conclusions: In summary, we discovered that the METTL3-LATS1-YTHDF2 pathway plays an important role in the progression of breast cancer by activating YAP/TAZ in the Hippo pathway.
2023-06-01 | GSE217977 | GEO
Project description:Hippo signaling, an evolutionarily conserved pathway involved in organ size control, has been implicated to play key roles in developmental processes of various tissues, but its role in craniofacial development has not been largely explored. To examine the function of the Hippo signaling kinase cascade, we inactivated Hippo components Lats1 and Lats2 in the cranial neuroepithelium of mouse embryos using a Wnt1CreSOR driver. Double conditional knock out (DCKO) of Lats1/2 resulted in neural tube and craniofacial defects. Lats1/2 DCKO mutant embryos presented a minute head with delayed and defective neural tube closure. Furthermore, neuroepithelial cell polarity and cell integrity were disrupted within the cranial neural tube in Lats1/2 DCKO mutants. Embryonic neural tube RNA-seq revealed increased TGF-beta signaling in absence of Lats1/2. Moreover, markers of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were upregulated in the cranial neural tube. Notably, modulation of Hippo signaling downstream effectors Yap and Taz prevented neuroepithelial defects, aberrant EMT, and TGF-beta dysregulation caused by Lats1/2 deficiency, indicating that Lats1/2 function via canonical Hippo-Yap pathway. Together, our findings revealed important roles for Hippo signaling kinases in pre-migratory neural crest EMT and migration.
2022-09-05 | GSE182721 | GEO
Project description:Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are highly aggressive Schwann cell (SC)-lineage derived sarcomas with poor prognosis. The molecular events underlying SC lineage cells-to-MPNST transformation remain elusive. Here, we show that human MPNSTs exhibit elevated HIPPO-TAZ/YAP expression, and that TAZ/YAP hyperactivity in SCs caused by Lats1/2 loss potently induces high-grade nerve-associated tumors with full penetrance. Lats1/2 deficiency reprograms SCs to a cancerous, progenitor-like phenotype and promotes hyper-proliferation. Conversely, disruption of TAZ/YAP activity alleviates tumor burden in Lats1/2-deficient mice and inhibits human MPNST cell proliferation. Moreover, genome-wide target profiling reveals that TAZ/YAP-TEAD1 directly activates a set of oncogenic programs in SCs including PDGFR/RAF signaling. Co-targeting TAZ/YAP and PDGFR/RAF signaling efficaciously reduces tumorigenicity in Lats1/2-deficient tumors. Thus, our findings establish a previously unrecognized convergence between LATS1/2-TAZ/YAP pathway and MPNST pathogenesis, suggesting that combined inhibition of TAZ/YAP-PDGFR/RAF signaling may be beneficial in MPNSTs.
2018-02-13 | GSE99040 | GEO
Project description:The sinoatrial node (SAN) functions as pacemaker of the heart to initiate and drive rhythmic heartbeats. The Hippo signaling pathway is a fundamental pathway for heart development and regeneration. Although abnormalities of Hippo pathway are associated with cardiac arrhythmias in human patients, yet its role in the SAN is unknown. We found that Lats1/2 inactivation caused severe sinoatrial node dysfunction (SND; sick sinus syndrome). Compared to the controls, Lats1/2 CKO mutants exhibited dysregulated calcium handling and increased fibrosis in the sinoatrial node, indicating Lats1/2 function through both cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms. Notably, the Lats1/2 CKO phenotype was rescued by genetic deletion of Yap and Taz in the CCS, and these rescued mice had normal sinus rhythm and reduced fibrosis of the sinoatrial node, indicating that Lats1/2 function through Yap and Taz. CUT&Tag sequencing data showed that Yap regulates genes critical for calcium homeostasis such as Ryr2 and genes encoding paracrine factors important in intercellular communication and fibrosis induction such as Tgf-β1 and Tgf-β3. Consistently, Lats1/2 CKO mutants had decreased Ryr2 expression and increased Tgf-β1 and Tgf-β3 expression compared with control mice. We reveal for the first time that the canonical Hippo-Yap pathway has a pivotal role in functional homeostasis of the sinoatrial node.
2022-11-29 | GSE202641 | GEO
Project description:YAP1 gene fusions have been observed in a subset of paediatric ependymomas. Here we show that, ectopic expression of active nuclear YAP1 (nlsYAP5SA) in ventricular zone neural progenitor cells using conditionally-induced NEX/NeuroD6-Cre is sufficient to drive brain tumour formation in mice. Neuronal differentiation is inhibited in the hippocampus. Deletion of YAP1’s negative regulators LATS1 and LATS2 kinases in NEX-Cre lineage in double conditional knockout mice also generates similar tumours, which are rescued by deletion of YAP1 and its paralog TAZ. YAP1/TAZ-induced mouse tumours display molecular and ultrastructural characteristics of human ependymoma. RNA sequencing and quantitative proteomics of mouse tumours demonstrate similarities to YAP1-fusion induced supratentorial ependymoma. Finally, we find that transcriptional cofactor HOPX is upregulated in mouse models and in human YAP1-fusion induced ependymoma, supporting their similarity. Our results show that uncontrolled YAP1/TAZ activity in neuronal precursor cells leads to ependymoma-like tumours in mice.
2020-05-26 | PXD018131 | Pride
Project description:Autophagy perturbation represents an emerging therapeutic strategy in cancer. The mammalian Hippo pathway is an evolutionary conserved tumor suppressive network, where the kinases LATS1/2 phosphorylate and inactivate oncogenic YAP/TAZ. Here, we demonstrated a pro-survival role of LATS1, but not LATS2, in hepatocellular carcinoma cells in response to sorafenib, a standard care of advanced HCC. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a restrictive role of LATS1 in autophagy regulation in HCC cells. Further, we found that the autophagy regulation by LATS1 was independent of its kinase activity. Instead, LATS1 stabilized autophagy core-machinery component Beclin 1 via promoting a non-canonical form of K27-linked ubiquitination, and consequently, inactive Beclin 1 self-dimer, in a E3 ligase NEDD4 dependent manner. Our study highlights a functional diversity between LATS1 and LATS2 and uncovers a scaffolding role of LATS1 in mediating a cross-talk between Hippo signalling and autophagy in HCC and therapy response.
2019-11-13 | GSE117116 | GEO