Project description:The Affymetrix GeneChip Mu11K was used to analyze the gene expression profile in developing mouse cerebellum (two GeneChips per E18, P7, P14, P21, and P56) to assist in the understanding of the genetic basis of cerebellar development in mice. The analysis showed 81.6% (10,321/12,654) of the genes represented on the GeneChip were expressed in the postnatal cerebellum, and among those, 8.7% (897/10,321) were differentially expressed with more than a two-fold change in their maximum and minimum expression levels during the developmental time course. The expression data (mean signal in relative unit) of all of these 897 differentially expressed genes were listed in GSM50(for E18), GSM51(for P7), GSM52(for P14), GSM53(for P21), and GSM54(for P56) as well as our homepage at http://www.brain.riken.go.jp/labs/lm Keywords = mouse cerebellum development Keywords: time-course
Project description:The Affymetrix GeneChip Mu11K was used to analyze the gene expression profile in developing mouse cerebellum (two GeneChips per E18, P7, P14, P21, and P56) to assist in the understanding of the genetic basis of cerebellar development in mice. The analysis showed 81.6% (10,321/12,654) of the genes represented on the GeneChip were expressed in the postnatal cerebellum, and among those, 8.7% (897/10,321) were differentially expressed with more than a two-fold change in their maximum and minimum expression levels during the developmental time course. The expression data (mean signal in relative unit) of all of these 897 differentially expressed genes were listed in GSM50(for E18), GSM51(for P7), GSM52(for P14), GSM53(for P21), and GSM54(for P56) as well as our homepage at http://www.brain.riken.go.jp/labs/lm Keywords = mouse cerebellum development
Project description:Gb5 is a divergent, evolutionarily-conserved, member of the heterotrimeric G protein b subunit family that is expressed principally in brain and neuronal tissue. Among Gb isoforms, Gb5 is unique in its ability to heterodimerize with members of the R7 subfamily of the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins that contain G protein-g like (GGL) domains. Previous studies employing Gb5 knockout mice have shown that Gb5 is an essential stabilizer of GGL domain-containing RGS proteins and regulates the deactivation of retinal phototransduction and the proper functioning of retinal bipolar cells. The purpose of this study is to better understand the functions of Gb5 in the brain outside the visual system by employing molecular biology, immunohistochemistry and confocal imaging technologies. We show here that mice lacking Gb5 have a markedly abnormal neurologic phenotype that includes neurobehavioral developmental delay, wide-based gait, motor learning and coordination deficiencies, and hyperactivity. Using immunohistochemical analysis and a green fluorescent reporter of Purkinje cell maturation we show that the phenotype of Gb5-deficient mice includes, in part, delayed development of the cerebellar cortex, an abnormality that likely contributes to the neurobehavioral phenotype. Multiple neuronally-expressed genes are dysregulated in cerebellum of Gb5 KO mice.
Project description:We report the application of RNA-sequencing for high-throughput profiling of gene expression in Nestin expressing cells of P5 mouse cerebellum Non-Irradiated or Irradiated at P1. By using the Nes-CFP reporter mouse line, we isolated Nes-CFP positive cells of P5 cerebellum to compare the transcriptomes between Nes-CFP positive cells from Non-irradiated cerebellum and cerebellum irradiated at P1.
Project description:Astrotactin 2 (ASTN2) is a transmembrane neuronal protein highly expressed in the cerebellum that functions in receptor trafficking and modulates cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC) synaptic activity. Individuals with ASTN2 mutations exhibit neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum disorder (ASD), ADHD, learning difficulties and language delay. To provide a genetic model for the role of the cerebellum in ASD-related behaviors and study the role of ASTN2 in cerebellar circuit function, we generated global and PC-specific conditional Astn2 knockout (KO and cKO, respectively) mouse lines. Astn2 KO mice exhibited strong ASD-related behavioral phenotypes, including a marked decrease in separation-induced pup ultrasonic vocalization calls, hyperactivity, and repetitive behaviors, altered behavior in the three-chamber test, and impaired cerebellar-dependent eyeblink conditioning. Hyperactivity and repetitive behaviors were also prominent in Astn2 cKO animals but they did not show altered behavior in the three-chamber test. By Golgi staining, Astn2 KO PCs had region-specific changes in dendritic spine density and filopodia numbers. Proteomic analysis of Astn2 KO cerebellum revealed a marked upregulation of ASTN2 family member, ASTN1, a neuron-glial adhesion protein. Immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy demonstrated a significant increase in Bergmann glia volume in the molecular layer of Astn2 KO animals. Electrophysiological experiments indicated a reduced frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs), as well as increased amplitudes of both spontaneous EPSCs and inhibitory postsynaptic currents (IPSCs) in the Astn2 KO animals, suggesting that pre- and postsynaptic components of synaptic transmission were altered. Thus, ASTN2 regulates ASD-like behaviors and cerebellar circuit properties.
Project description:Gb5 is a divergent, evolutionarily-conserved, member of the heterotrimeric G protein b subunit family that is expressed principally in brain and neuronal tissue. Among Gb isoforms, Gb5 is unique in its ability to heterodimerize with members of the R7 subfamily of the regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins that contain G protein-g like (GGL) domains. Previous studies employing Gb5 knockout mice have shown that Gb5 is an essential stabilizer of GGL domain-containing RGS proteins and regulates the deactivation of retinal phototransduction and the proper functioning of retinal bipolar cells. The purpose of this study is to better understand the functions of Gb5 in the brain outside the visual system by employing molecular biology, immunohistochemistry and confocal imaging technologies. We show here that mice lacking Gb5 have a markedly abnormal neurologic phenotype that includes neurobehavioral developmental delay, wide-based gait, motor learning and coordination deficiencies, and hyperactivity. Using immunohistochemical analysis and a green fluorescent reporter of Purkinje cell maturation we show that the phenotype of Gb5-deficient mice includes, in part, delayed development of the cerebellar cortex, an abnormality that likely contributes to the neurobehavioral phenotype. Multiple neuronally-expressed genes are dysregulated in cerebellum of Gb5 KO mice. Brain tissues from WT and KO with three biological replications of mice were collected, frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at -70 °C
Project description:We used a custom Affymetrix GeneChip, the "GLYCOv2" array, to measure differences in gene expression patterns from adult and postnatal day 7 (P7) mouse cerebellum RNA. Keywords = Cerebellum, microarray, development, glycoconjugates, glycosyltransferases, proteoglycans, gene expression Keywords: other
Project description:Autosomal Recessive Spastic Ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay (ARSACS) is caused by mutations in SACS gene encoding sacsin. ARSACS patients and mouse models display early degeneration of cerebellum in agreement with high sacsin expression in this organ. We performed unbiased transcriptomic of cerebella from Sacs KO mice versus controls to dissect the mechanisms underlying cerebellar degeneration in ARSACS.
Project description:We have recently discovered that deletion of Ptpn11, which codes for protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2, blocks Bergmann glia (BG) formation and cerebellar foliation, whereas expressing a constitutively active Mek1 (Map2k1), Mek1DD, reverses the Ptpn11-deficient phenotypes, uncovering a previously unappreciated role of BG in folding of the cerebellar cortex. Relatively little is known regarding to the BG induction. The goal of the study was to determine molecular features of newly generated BG. To identify transcripts enriched in nascent BG, we performed RNA-seq of microdissected cerebellar tissues from wild type (WT), En1cre/+;Ptpn11F/F (Ptpn11-cKO), and En1cre/+;Ptpn11F/F;R26Mek1DD/+ (Ptpn11-cKO;MEK) embryos at E12.5, E13.5, and E14.5. As BG are initially formed at E13.5, we reasoned that BG-enriched transcripts should be increased from E12.5 to E14.5, decreased in Ptpn11-cKO cerebella, and restored in Ptpn11-cKO;MEK cerebella. By intersecting differentially expressed (DE) genes based on the above-mentioned assumptions, we wanted to identify genes that are specifically expressed in BG and affected by Ptpn11 deletion. Conclusions: though RNA-seq and subsequent validation, we have successfully identified genes that enriched in nascent BG in the developing mouse cerebellum.