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Simultaneous transcriptome analysis of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and tomato fruits response reveals novel fungal-fruit arm and defense strategies

ABSTRACT: The simultaneous gene fungal-fruit expression at appressoria, quiescence and necrotrophic stages in C. gloeosporioides-tomato fruit interaction were characterized by Illumina NGS. Fungal appressoria stage on green fruit showed stage-specific transcription and was accompanied by massive fruit transcriptional defense response. The quiescent fungal transcriptome showed activation of chromatin remodeling genes while the fruit response continued a highly integrated and massive up-regulation of defense genes. The necrotrophic stage showed a dramatic shift in up-regulation of C. gloeosporioides pathogenicity factors and a susceptive fruit response that shows activation of the salicylic acid pathway culminating in cell death and anthracnose disease. Simultaneous fungal-fruit transcriptome analysis deepens our perception of the unfolding fungal-fruit arms and defenses race.

OTHER RELATED OMICS DATASETS IN: PRJNA240125

ORGANISM(S): Solanum lycopersicum Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

PROVIDER: GSE55553 | GEO | 2015/03/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA240125

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Worldwide, 20-25% of all harvested fruit and vegetables are lost annually in the field and throughout the postharvest supply handling chain due to spoilage by fungal pathogens. Most impactful postharvest pathogens exhibit necrotrophic lifestyles, resulting in rotting of the host tissues and complete loss of marketable commodities. Necrotrophic fungi can readily infect ripe fruit leading to the rapid establishment of disease symptoms. However, these pathogens generally fail to infect unripe fruit, or remain quiescent until host and environmental conditions stimulate a successful infection. Current research on necrotrophic infections of fruit was mainly focused on the host by characterizing genetic and physicochemical factors that inhibit or promote the disease. However, the pathogenicity and virulence strategies employed by necrotrophic pathogens in ripe and unripe fruit are mostly understudied. Here, we provide a first comparative transcriptomics study of fungal postharvest pathogens: Botrytis cinerea, Rhizopus stolonifer and Fusarium acuminatum, all of which display necrotrophic behavior when infecting fruit. We de novo assembled and annotated the transcriptomes of R. stolonifer, and F. acuminatum and performed a differential gene expression analysis comparing the three fungal transcriptomes during fruit infection with that of fungal in-vitro growth. Analysis of the differentially expressed genes for enrichment of functional annotations revealed shared strategies of the three fungi during infection of compatible (ripe fruit) and incompatible (unripe fruit) hosts. We furthermore selected candidate genes that are involved in these strategies to characterize their expression during infection of unripe and ripe-like fruit of the non-ripening (nor) tomato mutant, both of which are physiologically and biochemically similar to unripe wildtype fruit. By enabling a better understanding of fungal necrotrophic infection strategies, we move closer to generating accurate models of fruit diseases and development of early detection tools and effective management strategies.

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Simultaneous transcriptome analysis of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and tomato fruits response reveals novel fungal-fruit arm and defense strategies

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