Long non-coding RNAs and mRNAs profiles in mouse liver development
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE57824 | GEO | 2014/05/20
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA248189
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Many protein-coding oncofetal genes are highly expressed in murine and human fetal liver and silenced in adult liver. The protein products of these hepatic oncofetal genes have been used as clinical markers for the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and as therapeutic targets for HCC. Herein, we examined the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs found in fetal and adult liver in mice.LncRNA-mPvt1 is an oncofetal RNA that was found to promote cell proliferation, cell cycling and the expression of stem cell-like properties of murine cells. Human lncRNA-hPVT1 promotes cell proliferation, cell cycling and the acquisition of stem cell-like properties in HCC cells by stabilizing NOP2 protein. Regulation of the lncRNA-hPVT1/NOP2 pathway may have beneficial effects in the treatment of HCC. We collected mouse fetal livers (E12.5, E14.5, E17.5 days), neonatal murine livers and adult murine livers (8 weeks). The total RNAs recovered from these developmental livers and were used to acquire different expression profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs.
2014-05-20 | E-GEOD-57824 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Treatment of HCC remains abysmal; discovery of novel pathways implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis is needed for more effective therapeutics. SALL4 is a stem cell factor essential for the maintenance of embryonic stem cell self-renewal properties and expressed in fetal liver, but silenced in normal adult liver. We observed that expression of SALL4 in murine liver in a transgenic model led to development of HCC. In humans, SALL4 is re-expressed as an oncofetal protein in a subgroup of HCC patients with unfavorable prognoses. Loss-of-function studies demonstrated that SALL4 is essential for human HCC cell survival and tumorigenicity. We demonstrated that a peptide can block the oncogenic function of SALL4 in HCC by modulating the PTEN/AKT pathway. Our findings reveal a novel role of SALL4 in HCC with important implications for understanding disease mechanisms and development of innovative therapeutics. Cultured cells from HCC cell line SNU-398 with scrambled or SALL4 shRNA knockdown were used for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays.
2012-02-22 | E-GEOD-35965 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Treatment of HCC remains abysmal; discovery of novel pathways implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis is needed for more effective therapeutics. SALL4 is a stem cell factor essential for the maintenance of embryonic stem cell self-renewal properties and expressed in fetal liver, but silenced in normal adult liver. We observed that expression of SALL4 in murine liver in a transgenic model led to development of HCC. In humans, SALL4 is re-expressed as an oncofetal protein in a subgroup of HCC patients with unfavorable prognoses. Loss-of-function studies demonstrated that SALL4 is essential for human HCC cell survival and tumorigenicity. We demonstrated that a peptide can block the oncogenic function of SALL4 in HCC by modulating the PTEN/AKT pathway. Our findings reveal a novel role of SALL4 in HCC with important implications for understanding disease mechanisms and development of innovative therapeutics.
2012-02-22 | GSE35965 | GEO
Project description:Sustained hepatic inflammation can contribute to cancer initiation and progression via tumor-initiating cell expansion, but underlying mechanisms remains unknown. Expression profiles of lncRNAs/mRNAs were measured in normal, chronic hepatitis, cirrhotic and cancerous livers. We found abundant disease-related lncRNAs/mRNAs deregulated across different stages of inflammation-triggered liver disease and refined a transformation gene signature to distinguish pathological liver tissues. Amongst this signature, a conserved lncRNA DANCR was silenced in normal adult liver, but overexpressed in fetal and cancerous livers. Remarkably, increased DANCR significantly correlates with poor prognosis in multiple-center cohorts and is directly induced by inflammatory pathways including NF-κB and STAT3. DANCR could suppress cell differentiation and drive expansion of tumor-initiating cells, leading to chemoresistance. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo inhibition confirms the significance of DANCR as a therapeutic target when combined with other chemotherapy. We illustrate the role of DANCR relies on the regulation of CTNNB1 in a novel miRNA-blocking manner. Our studies reveal the expression of lncRNAs/mRNAs in normal and pathological livers and suggest the importance of oncofetal lncRNA DANCR in inflammation-induced malignant transformation, offering a potential prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for HCC. In the study, 10 normal livers (NL), 10 chronic inflammatory livers (IL), 10 cirrhotic livers (CL), 13 early HCC (eHCC) and 13 advanced HCC (aHCC) samples were profiled their lncRNA/mRNA expression
2014-01-22 | E-GEOD-54238 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We investigated the genomic enhancer landscape of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) using H3K27ac ChIP-seq and HiC/HiChIP data from resected tumour samples of 30 patients, whose genome, transcriptome, and clinical trajectory data were available. Differential enhancer analysis revealed dysregulated enhancer loci, but without strong enrichment of underlying DNA mutation hotspots. As many of the gain-in-tumour enhancer associated genes were fetal liver hepatoblast genes, we investigated the stochastic expression pattern of the overlapping genes (epigenetic oncofetal genes) using previously published single cell RNA-seq data, in which the patients partially overlapped. The proportion of cells expressing epigenetic oncofetal genes clustered liver tissue samples into two groups - adjacent normal liver-like, or oncofetal-like. Notably, gain-in-tumour enhancer associated genes showed prognostic value, with patient clusters revealed by co-clustering the differential gene expression pattern. Altogether, we report the genomic enhancer signature that associates with differential prognosis in HCC. Findings that cohere with oncofetal reprogramming in HCC is underpinned by genome-wide enhancer rewiring. Our results present the epigenetic changes in HCC that offer the rational selection of epigenetic-driven gene targets for therapeutic intervention or disease prognostication in HCC.
2022-09-01 | GSE212055 | GEO
Project description:We investigated the genomic enhancer landscape of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) using H3K27ac ChIP-seq and HiC/HiChIP data from resected tumour samples of 30 patients, whose genome, transcriptome, and clinical trajectory data were available. Differential enhancer analysis revealed dysregulated enhancer loci, but without strong enrichment of underlying DNA mutation hotspots. As many of the gain-in-tumour enhancer associated genes were fetal liver hepatoblast genes, we investigated the stochastic expression pattern of the overlapping genes (epigenetic oncofetal genes) using previously published single cell RNA-seq data, in which the patients partially overlapped. The proportion of cells expressing epigenetic oncofetal genes clustered liver tissue samples into two groups - adjacent normal liver-like, or oncofetal-like. Notably, gain-in-tumour enhancer associated genes showed prognostic value, with patient clusters revealed by co-clustering the differential gene expression pattern. Altogether, we report the genomic enhancer signature that associates with differential prognosis in HCC. Findings that cohere with oncofetal reprogramming in HCC is underpinned by genome-wide enhancer rewiring. Our results present the epigenetic changes in HCC that offer the rational selection of epigenetic-driven gene targets for therapeutic intervention or disease prognostication in HCC.
2022-09-02 | GSE212342 | GEO
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide and has been increasing in recent years in developed nations1,2. The MYC oncogene or its paralogs are frequently amplified or overexpressed in particularly aggressive subtypes of cancer associated with stem cell-like features and worse clinical outcomes3,4, including in liver cancer5. Unfortunately, selective inhibitors that target MYC or its transcriptional program are not yet clinically available for therapy of HCC. Here, we identified methionine metabolism as a selective vulnerability for MYC but not RAS-driven liver cancers. MYC-driven liver cancer cells are methionine dependent and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the predominant methyl donor, partially rescues methionine depletion. A low methionine diet, or the methylation inhibitor 5-azacytidine limited MYC-driven tumor formation, but RAS-driven liver cancer was resistant to a low methionine diet. Metabolic tracing of methionine catabolism in MYC high cells identified increased m5C methylation of genomic DNA or ribosomal RNA. We identified NOP2, an rRNA m5C-methyltransferase as a MYC target gene. Knockdown of NOP2 selectively inhibited MYC liver cancer cell proliferation and in vivo tumorigenesis. Thus, methionine catabolism is critical for MYC-driven liver tumorigenesis and NOP2 may serve as a new therapeutic target in liver cancer.
2022-10-06 | GSE214724 | GEO
Project description:Sustained hepatic inflammation can contribute to cancer initiation and progression via tumor-initiating cell expansion, but underlying mechanisms remains unknown. Expression profiles of lncRNAs/mRNAs were measured in normal, chronic hepatitis, cirrhotic and cancerous livers. We found abundant disease-related lncRNAs/mRNAs deregulated across different stages of inflammation-triggered liver disease and refined a transformation gene signature to distinguish pathological liver tissues. Amongst this signature, a conserved lncRNA DANCR was silenced in normal adult liver, but overexpressed in fetal and cancerous livers. Remarkably, increased DANCR significantly correlates with poor prognosis in multiple-center cohorts and is directly induced by inflammatory pathways including NF-κB and STAT3. DANCR could suppress cell differentiation and drive expansion of tumor-initiating cells, leading to chemoresistance. Moreover, in vitro and in vivo inhibition confirms the significance of DANCR as a therapeutic target when combined with other chemotherapy. We illustrate the role of DANCR relies on the regulation of CTNNB1 in a novel miRNA-blocking manner. Our studies reveal the expression of lncRNAs/mRNAs in normal and pathological livers and suggest the importance of oncofetal lncRNA DANCR in inflammation-induced malignant transformation, offering a potential prognostic marker and a therapeutic target for HCC.
2014-01-22 | GSE54238 | GEO
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis and lack of effective treatment targets is the major challenge in treating HCC. Previous studies have revealed significant changes in spliceosome-related genes in HCC. The unique expression pattern in tumor cells makes oncofetal proteins ideal candidate targets for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, we focused on the differentially expressed splicing factors in embryonic liver development and HCC. We identified an oncofetal splicing factor, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide E (SNPRE).In order to better understand the effect of SNRPE in HCC, we knocked down SNRPE using siRNA (siSNRPE) assessed the gene expression pattern by RNA-Seq.
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Project description:To identify oncofetal lncRNAs that are specificly upregulated in fetal liver, we analyzed the expression profiles of lncRNAs in human fetal livers (3 samples) and adult livers (3 samples) using microarray assays.
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