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A Ferritin Mutant Induces Protective Immunity against Virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

ABSTRACT: Iron plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many organisms including Mtb. It is the preferred redox cofactor in many basic cellular processes but due to its insolubility and potential toxicity under physiological conditions is a limiting nutrient in the host environment. Previously, we demonstrated that Mtb requires the iron storage protein ferritin (BfrB), for adaptation to both low and sufficient concentrations of environmental iron. We also showed that absence of bfrB compromises the ability of Mtb to overcome iron deficiency and prevent excess iron toxicity. In this study, we tested whether vaccination with ∆bfrB could elicit host protective immune response against virulent Mtb infection. The results show that immunization of mice with the ∆bfrB stimulates protective immunity associated with reduced immunopathology and better containment of the infection compared to vaccination with BCG. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis showed a distinct expression pattern of significantly differentially expressed genes (SDEG) between the ∆bfrB and BCG-vaccinated, Mtb-infected mice lungs. Our network/pathway analysis of SDEG revealed significant inhibition of inflammatory response genes and activation of fibrosis genes in the ∆bfrB, compared to BCG vaccinated, Mtb-infected mice lungs. The results provide a frame work for the study of mechanisms of protection relevant for the design of new and improved preventive strategies for TB.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE58810 | GEO | 2014/09/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA253570

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A Ferritin Mutant Induces Protective Immunity against Virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection

Project description:Iron plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many organisms including Mtb. It is the preferred redox cofactor in many basic cellular processes but due to its insolubility and potential toxicity under physiological conditions is a limiting nutrient in the host environment. Previously, we demonstrated that Mtb requires the iron storage protein ferritin (BfrB), for adaptation to both low and sufficient concentrations of environmental iron. We also showed that absence of bfrB compromises the ability of Mtb to overcome iron deficiency and prevent excess iron toxicity. In this study, we tested whether vaccination with ?bfrB could elicit host protective immune response against virulent Mtb infection. The results show that immunization of mice with the ?bfrB stimulates protective immunity associated with reduced immunopathology and better containment of the infection compared to vaccination with BCG. Genome-wide transcriptome analysis showed a distinct expression pattern of significantly differentially expressed genes (SDEG) between the ?bfrB and BCG-vaccinated, Mtb-infected mice lungs. Our network/pathway analysis of SDEG revealed significant inhibition of inflammatory response genes and activation of fibrosis genes in the ?bfrB, compared to BCG vaccinated, Mtb-infected mice lungs. The results provide a frame work for the study of mechanisms of protection relevant for the design of new and improved preventive strategies for TB. Female C57BL/6 mice were vaccinated subcutaneously with ?bfrB or BCG . At 8 weeks post-vaccination, mice were aerosol infected with Mtb H37Rv. At 4 weeks post infection, mice were sacrificed and lungs were removed. Lung total RNA from vaccinated and Mtb-infected mice was extracted, purified and were processed separately for microarray analysis.

2014-09-01 | E-GEOD-58810 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mucosal exposure to non-tuberculous mycobacteria elicits B-cell mediated protection against pulmonary tuberculosis

Project description:Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB) disease. However, BCG has limited efficacy, necessitating the development of better vaccines. Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), a distinct lineage from Mtb, are opportunistic pathogens present in the environment. TB endemic countries experience higher exposure to NTM, but previous studies have not elucidated the relationship between NTM exposure and BCG efficacy. Therefore, we developed a mouse model (BCG+NTM) that mimics human BCG vaccination at an early stage and continuous NTM exposure via the oral route, including during TB infection. Our results show that BCG+NTM mice had improved protection against pulmonary TB correlating with increased pulmonary influx of B-cells, higher titers of anti-Mtb IgA and IgG antibodies in serum and airways, compared to mice vaccinated with BCG alone. Notably, the lungs of BCG+NTM mice developed B-cell aggregates expressing markers of germinal center formation as determined by spatial transcriptomics. We conclude a direct correlation between NTM exposure and protection from TB, with B-cells playing a crucial role.

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Mycobacterium bovis-BCG vaccination induces a specific pulmonary transcriptome biosignature in mice

Project description:In the present study, we applied microarray technology to define a biosignature from the whole genome expression in lung and spleen samples after BCG vaccination and M. bovis infection of BALB/c mice. The aims were two-fold, namely to define biosignatures that could predict vaccine success before challenge, and biomarker patterns that correlated with anamnestic protective responses following exposure to virulent M. bovis. Further, Our aim was to define these markers to be detectable without in vitro antigenic challenge. After BCG vaccination, we defined a specific pulmonary gene expression signature related to the connective tissue development and function network that predicted vaccine success before M. bovis challenge. In addition, a Th17-related cytokine profile was found that correlated with vaccine-induced protective immunity following infection with virulent M. bovis in the lung as well as additional genes that were up-regulated in the spleens of vaccinated animals post-infection that was related to neutrophil biology and inflammation. This study has therefore prioritized both biomarkers predicting vaccination success before challenge and bio-signatures that are associated with protective immune responses that will be useful to evaluate future vaccine candidates. Two groups of 20 mice each were immunised by a single intradermal injection of 2 x 10 to 5 CFU of M. bovis BCG (Vaccinated), or Hanks buffered salt solution (HBSS) (Unvaccinated). Six weeks later 5 mice from each group were euthanized for immunological analyses and the remaining mice from each group were challenged with approx 600 CFU M. bovis via the intranasal route. At days 3 and 14 post challenge five mice per group were euthanized and spleens and lungs harvested.

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M. tuberculosis reprograms HSCs to limit myelopoiesis and impair trained immunity via a type I IFN/iron axis [EG_SERIES_3]

Project description:A greater understanding of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) regulation is required for dissecting protective versus detrimental immunity to pathogens that cause chronic infections such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). We have shown that systemic administration of BCG or b-glucan reprograms HSCs in the BM via a type II interferon (IFN-II) or IL1 response, respectively, that confers protective trained immunity against Mtb. Yet, whether BCG/β-Glucan is unique in its ability to induce this protection remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that unlike BCG or b-glucan, Mtb reprograms HSCs via IFN-I response that suppresses myelopoiesis and impairs protective trained immunity to Mtb. Mechanistically, IFN-I response dysregulates iron metabolism, depolarizes mitochondrial membrane potential, and induces cell death in myeloid progenitors. Finally, activation of IFN-I/iron axis in myeloid progenitors generates a detrimental trained immunity to Mtb infection. These results identify an unanticipated immune evasion strategy of Mtb in the bone marrow that controls the magnitude and anti-microbial capacity of innate immunity to infection

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M. tuberculosis reprograms HSCs to limit myelopoiesis and impair trained immunity via a type I IFN/iron axis [AERO_SERIES_2]

2020-08-13 | GSE156135 | GEO

M. tuberculosis reprograms HSCs to limit myelopoiesis and impair trained immunity via a type I IFN/iron axis [Bulk_SERIES_1]

2020-08-13 | GSE156134 | GEO

The innate and adaptive immune response to BCG stimulation in splenocytes taken from C57BL/6 mice

Project description:The aim of this experiment was to investigate differential gene expression in splenocytes stimulated with BCG from naïve and BCG vaccinated mice. The differences between naïve and BCG vaccinated mice might indicate the mechanisms by which BCG vaccination confers an enhanced ability of splenocytes from BCG vaccinated mice to inhibit growth of BCG in splenocyte cultures as compared with splenocytes from naive animals. Splenocytes from 4 naïve and 4 BCG vaccinated female C57bl/6 mice were cultured for 12 hours with BCG (MOI 1:1) or without (unstimulated control). Each animal had a stimulated and an unstimulated sample hybridised to a beadchip.

2013-06-01 | E-GEOD-42090 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The innate and adaptive immune response to BCG stimulation in splenocytes taken from C57BL/6 mice

2013-06-01 | GSE42090 | GEO

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Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the leading cause of death from infection worldwide. Intradermal (ID) vaccination with BCG has variable efficacy against pulmonary tuberculosis, the major cause of mortality and disease transmission. Here we show that the route and dose of BCG vaccination alters circulating and lung resident T cells and subsequent protection against Mtb challenge in nonhuman primates (NHP). NHP immunized with BCG by the intravenous (IV) route induced substantially higher antigen-specific CD4 (Th1 or Th17) and CD8 responses in blood, spleen, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and lung lymph nodes compared to the same BCG dose administered by ID or aerosol (AE) routes. Moreover, IV immunization was the only route that induced a high frequency of antigen-specific tissue resident T cells in lung parenchyma. Six months after BCG vaccination, NHP were challenged with virulent Mtb. Strikingly, 9 of 10 NHP that received BCG IV were highly protected, with 6 NHP showing no detectable infection as determined by PET CT imaging, mycobacterial growth, pathology, granuloma formation, or de novo immune responses to Mtb-specific antigens. The finding that BCG IV prevents or significantly limits Mtb infection in NHP has important implications for vaccine development and provides a model for determining immune correlates and mechanisms of protection against TB.

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