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The Mediator complex subunit MED23 couples H2B mono-ubiquitination to transcriptional control and cell fate determination

ABSTRACT: The Mediator complex orchestrates multiple transcription factors with the Pol II apparatus for precise transcriptional control. However, its interplay with the surrounding chromatin remains poorly understood. Here, we analyze differential histone modifications between WT and MED23-/- (KO) cells and identify H2B mono-ubiquitination at lysine 120 (H2Bub) as a MED23-dependent histone modification. Using tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we find that MED23 associates with the RNF20/40 complex, the enzyme for H2Bub, and show that this association is critical for the recruitment of RNF20/40 to chromatin. In a cell-free system, Mediator directly and substantially increases H2Bub on recombinant chromatin through its cooperation with RNF20/40 and the PAF complex. Integrative genome-wide analyses show that MED23 depletion specifically reduces H2Bub on a subset of MED23-contolled genes. Importantly, MED23-coupled H2Bub levels are oppositely regulated during myogenesis and lung carcinogenesis. In sum, these results establish a mechanistic link between the Mediator complex and a critical chromatin modification in coordinating transcription with cell growth and differentiation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE59518 | GEO | 2015/09/16

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA255494

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The Mediator complex subunit MED23 couples H2B mono-ubiquitination to transcriptional control and cell fate determination

Project description:The Mediator complex orchestrates multiple transcription factors with the Pol II apparatus for precise transcriptional control. However, its interplay with the surrounding chromatin remains poorly understood. Here, we analyze differential histone modifications between WT and MED23-/- (KO) cells and identify H2B mono-ubiquitination at lysine 120 (H2Bub) as a MED23-dependent histone modification. Using tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we find that MED23 associates with the RNF20/40 complex, the enzyme for H2Bub, and show that this association is critical for the recruitment of RNF20/40 to chromatin. In a cell-free system, Mediator directly and substantially increases H2Bub on recombinant chromatin through its cooperation with RNF20/40 and the PAF complex. Integrative genome-wide analyses show that MED23 depletion specifically reduces H2Bub on a subset of MED23-contolled genes. Importantly, MED23-coupled H2Bub levels are oppositely regulated during myogenesis and lung carcinogenesis. In sum, these results establish a mechanistic link between the Mediator complex and a critical chromatin modification in coordinating transcription with cell growth and differentiation. To examine the enrichment of H2B ubiquitination, Pol II, H3K4me3, H3K79me3 in WT and KO MED23 MEF cells, we performed H2Bub ChIP-seq, Pol II ChIP-seq, H3K4me3 ChIP-seq and H3K79me3 ChIP-seq assays. 10 high-throughput sequencing data were deposited and WT, KO input data were controls for peak calling.

2015-09-16 | E-GEOD-59518 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mediator Complex Regulates Alternative mRNA Processing via the Med23 Subunit

Project description:Mediator complex is an integrative hub for transcriptional regulation. Here we show that Mediator regulates alternative mRNA processing via its Med23 subunit. Combining tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we identified a number of mRNA processing factors that bind to a soluble recombinant Mediator subunit MED23 but not to several other Mediator components. One of these factors, hnRNP L, specifically interacts with MED23 in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, Mediator partially colocalizes with hnRNP L and the splicing machinery in the cell. Functionally Med23 regulates a subset of hnRNP L-targeted alternative splicing (AS) and alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) events as shown by minigene reporters and exon array analysis. ChIP-seq analysis revealed that Med23 can regulate hnRNP L occupancy at their co-regulated genes. Taken together, these results demonstrate a crosstalk between Mediator and the splicing machinery, suggesting a novel mechanism for coupling mRNA processing to transcription. Examination of hnRNP L and H3K36me3 enrichment in sictrl and si23 Hela cells

2012-02-24 | E-GEOD-33887 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mediator Complex Regulates Alternative mRNA Processing via the Med23 Subunit

Project description:Mediator complex is an integrative hub for transcriptional regulation. Here we show that Mediator regulates alternative mRNA processing via its Med23 subunit. Combining tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry, we identified a number of mRNA processing factors that bind to a soluble recombinant Mediator subunit MED23 but not to several other Mediator components. One of these factors, hnRNP L, specifically interacts with MED23 in vitro and in vivo. Consistently, Mediator partially colocalizes with hnRNP L and the splicing machinery in the cell. Functionally Med23 regulates a subset of hnRNP L-targeted alternative splicing (AS) and alternative cleavage and polyadenylation (APA) events as shown by minigene reporters and exon array analysis. ChIP-seq analysis revealed that Med23 can regulate hnRNP L occupancy at their co-regulated genes. Taken together, these results demonstrate a crosstalk between Mediator and the splicing machinery, suggesting a novel mechanism for coupling mRNA processing to transcription. We performed an exon array experiment using HeLa cells expressing Med23, hnRNP L or control siRNAs which were established by a virus-mediated siRNA technology. Each sample was done in three biological replicates. Total RNA of these cell lines was processed and hybridized to the Affymetrix human exon array.

2012-02-24 | E-GEOD-33771 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Mediator Complex Regulates Alternative mRNA Processing via the Med23 Subunit

2012-02-24 | GSE33771 | GEO

Mediator Complex Regulates Alternative mRNA Processing via the Med23 Subunit

2012-02-24 | GSE33887 | GEO

Liver Med23 ablation improves glucose and lipid metabolism and prevent diet-induced obesity

Project description:Mediator complex function as an integrative hub for transcriptional regulation. Here we show that Mediator subunit MED23 regulate glucose and lipid metabolism via FOXO1 in liver. Here, we have generated a liver-specific Med23-knockout (LMKO) mouse and found that Med23-deletion in liver improved glucose and lipid metabolism, as well as insulin responsiveness, and prevented diet-induced obesity. Mechanistically, MED23 participated in gluconeogenesis and cholesterol synthesis by interacting with FOXO1. Disruption of this interaction by hepatic Med23-deletion impaired the Mediator and RNAP II recruitment and partially reduced the expression of the FOXO1 target genes. Remarkably, acute hepatic Med23 knockdown in db/db mice significantly improved insulin sensitivity. Overall, our data revealed Mediator MED23 as a critical regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, suggesting novel therapeutic strategies against metabolic diseases.

2015-03-16 | GSE48966 | GEO

The Mediator MED23 plays opposing roles in directing smooth muscle cell and adipocyte differentiation

Project description:The Mediator complex functions as a control center orchestrating diverse signalings, gene activities, and biological processes. However, how Mediator subunits determine distinct cell fates remains to be fully elucidated. Here, we show that Mediator MED23 controls the cell fate preference that directs differentiation into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) or adipocytes. Med23-deficiency facilitates SMC differentiation but represses adipocyte differentiation from the multipotent mesenchymal stem cells. Gene profiling revealed that the presence or absence of Med23 oppositely regulates two sets of genes: the RhoA/MAL-targeted cytoskeleton/SMC genes and the Ras/ELK1 targeted growth/adipocyte genes. Mechanistically, MED23 favors ELK1-SRF binding to SMC gene promoters for repression, whereas the lack of MED23 favors MAL-SRF binding to SMC gene promoters for activation. Remarkably, the effect of MED23 on SMC differentiation can be recapitulated in zebrafish embryogenesis. Collectively, our data demonstrate the dual, opposing roles for MED23 in regulating the cytoskeleton/SMC and growth/adipocyte gene programs, suggesting its “Ying-Yang” function in directing adipogenesis vs. SMC differentiation. Examination of SRF enrichment in sictrl and si23 10T1/2 cells

2012-12-20 | E-GEOD-40369 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The Mediator subunit MED23 regulates inflammatory responses and liver fibrosis

Project description:Liver fibrosis, often associated with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinomas, is characterized by hepatic damage, an inflammatory response, and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.Here,we show that the MED23 subunit of the transcriptional Mediator complex participates in the development of experimental liver fibrosis. Compared with their control littermates, mice with hepatic Med23 deletion exhibited aggravated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis, with enhanced chemokine production and inflammatory infiltration as well as increased hepatocyte regeneration. Mechanistically, the orphan nuclear receptor RORα activates the expression of the liver fibrosis-related chemokines CCL5 and CXCL10, which is suppressed by the Mediator subunit MED23. We further found that the inhibition of Ccl5 and Cxcl10 expression by MED23 likely occurs due to G9a-mediated H3K9 dimethylation of the target promoters. Collectively, these findings reveal hepatic MED23 as a key modulator of chemokine production and inflammatory responses and define the MED23-CCL5/CXCL10 axis as a potential target for clinical intervention in liver fibrosis.

2020-06-06 | GSE137457 | GEO

The Mediator MED23 plays opposing roles in directing smooth muscle cell and adipocyte differentiation

2012-12-20 | GSE40369 | GEO

MEF wt versus Med23-/- KO after 20% Serum Stimulation

Project description:Affymetrix MOE430A arrays. Mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from E11 passaged through crisis. Starved in 0.5% FBS for 16 h then stimulated by 20% serum final concentration for 30 minutes. The purpose was to identify genes affected by the loss of MED23 protein (subunit of the mediator complex). Samples were assayed in duplicate (Set 1 and Set 2) for starved state and serum state cells. Cells starved in low-serum (0.5%) for 16 h then add final conc. 20% FBS for 30 minutes. Harvest total RNA from duplicate samples. One sample set is kept starved and serves as the baseline. The other set is stimulated. This is done for both wild-type cell and the Med23-/- KO cells. We looked for gene expression fold changes greater than 2 (plus or minus) to find genes affected for serum stimulation by the loss of MED23, looking in detail at immediate early genes like Egr1.

2009-04-14 | E-GEOD-15638 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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