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Decreased expression of cell proliferation-related genes in clonally derived skin fibroblasts from children with Silver-Russell syndrome is independent of the degree of 11p15 ICR1 hypomethylation

ABSTRACT: The in-vitro analysis of the hypomethylation of the imprinting control region 1 (ICR1) within the IGF2/H19 locus is challenged by the mosaic distribution of the epimutation in tissues from children with Silver-Russell syndrome (SRS). For excluding mosaicism, clonal cultures of skin fibroblasts from four children with SRS and three controls were analyzed. Cell proliferation, IGF-II secretion, and expression of IGF2 and H19 were measured. Microarray expression analysis was performed. Single cell expansion established severely ICR1 hypomethylated clones (SRShypo) and normomethylated clones (SRSnormo) from patients and controls (Cnormo). IGF2 expression was below the detection limit of the qRT-PCR assay, while H19 expression was detectable, without differences between fibroblast clones. Cell count-related IGF-II release was comparable in supernatants of SRShypo and Cnormo. Cell proliferation was diminished in SRShypo compared to Cnormo (p=.035). Microarray analysis revealed gene expression changes in SRS clones predicting a decrease of cell proliferation and a delay of mitosis. The analysis of severely ICR1 hypomethylated clonal fibroblasts did not reveal any functional differences towards the normomethylated clones with respect to IGF2 and H19 expression. Furthermore, a clear difference to the clones from healthy individuals was not detected except from a lower proliferation rate arisen from impaired cell cycle progression.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE61120 | GEO | 2015/01/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA260286

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Abstract: Dysregulation of the imprinted H19/IGF2 locus can lead to Silver-Russell Syndrome (SRS) in humans. However, the mechanism of how abnormal H19/IGF2 expression contributes to various SRS phenotypes remains unclear, largely due to incomplete understanding of the developmental functions of these two genes. We previously generated a mouse model with humanized H19/IGF2 ICR (hIC1) on the paternal allele that exhibited H19/Igf2 dysregulation together with SRS-like growth restriction and perinatal lethality. Here we dissect the role of H19 and Igf2 in cardiac and placental development utilizing multiple mouse models with varying levels of H19 and Igf2. We report severe cardiac defects such as ventricular septal defects (VSDs) and thinned myocardium, placental anomalies including thrombosis and vascular malformations, together with growth restriction in mouse embryos that correlated with the extent of H19/Igf2 dysregulation. Transcriptomic analysis using cardiac endothelial cells of these mouse models shows that H19/Igf2 dysregulation disrupts pathways related to extracellular matrix (ECM) and proliferation of endothelial cells. Our work links the heart and placenta through regulation by H19 and Igf2, demonstrating that accurate dosage of both H19 and Igf2 is critical for normal embryonic development, especially related to the cardiac-placental axis. Methods: E12.5 hearts were lysed with Collagenase, Dispase II, and DNase I. Cardiac endothelial cells were collected using MACS CD31 microbeads and RNA was isolated using RNeasy Micro kit. After confirming RNA integrity using Bioanalyzer, mRNA library was generated from 25ng RNA using NEBNext Poly(A) mRNA Magnetic Isolation Module and Ultra II RNA Library Prep Kit. Library quality was assessed by Bioanalyzer and TapeStation. Sequencing was performed on NovaSeq 6000. Quality of raw fastq reads was assessed using FastQC version 0.11.5. Reads were aligned to the GRCm38/mm10 reference using STAR version 2.4.0i with default parameters and maximum fragment size of 2000 bp. Properly paired primary alignments were retained for downstream analysis using Samtools version 1.9. Count matrices were generated using FeatureCounts version 1.6.2 against RefSeq gene annotation and read into DESeq2 to perform normalization and statistical analysis.

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Decreased expression of cell proliferation-related genes in clonally derived skin fibroblasts from children with Silver-Russell syndrome is independent of the degree of 11p15 ICR1 hypomethylation

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