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Transcriptomic analyses indicate that ligule initiation recapitulates gene expression patterns that occur at lateral branching

ABSTRACT: Development of multicellular organisms proceeds via the correct interpretation of positional information to establish boundaries that separate developmental fields with distinct identities. The maize leaf is an ideal system to study plant morphogenesis as it is subdivided into a proximal sheath and a distal blade, each with distinct developmental patterning. Specialised ligule and auricle structures form at the blade-sheath boundary. The auricles act as a hinge, allowing the leaf blade to project at an angle from the stem, while the ligule comprises an epidermally-derived fringe. Recessive liguleless1 mutants lack ligules and auricles, and have upright leaves. We utilized laser-microdissection RNAseq to identify genes that are differentially expressed along discrete cell/tissue-specific domains along the proximal-distal axis of wild-type leaf primordia undergoing ligule initiation, and compared transcript accumulation in wild type and liguleless1 mutant leaf primordia. We identified transcripts that are specifically upregulated at the blade-sheath boundary. A surprising number of these ligule genes are also implicated to function during leaf initiation or lateral branching, and intersect multiple hormonal signalling pathways. We propose that genetic modules utilised in leaf and/or branch initiation are redeployed to regulate ligule outgrowth from leaf primordia.

ORGANISM(S): Zea mays

PROVIDER: GSE61333 | GEO | 2014/09/12

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA260793

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcriptomic analyses indicate that ligule initiation recapitulates gene expression patterns that occur at lateral branching

Project description:Development of multicellular organisms proceeds via the correct interpretation of positional information to establish boundaries that separate developmental fields with distinct identities. The maize leaf is an ideal system to study plant morphogenesis as it is subdivided into a proximal sheath and a distal blade, each with distinct developmental patterning. Specialised ligule and auricle structures form at the blade-sheath boundary. The auricles act as a hinge, allowing the leaf blade to project at an angle from the stem, while the ligule comprises an epidermally-derived fringe. Recessive liguleless1 mutants lack ligules and auricles, and have upright leaves. We utilized laser-microdissection RNAseq to identify genes that are differentially expressed along discrete cell/tissue-specific domains along the proximal-distal axis of wild-type leaf primordia undergoing ligule initiation, and compared transcript accumulation in wild type and liguleless1 mutant leaf primordia. We identified transcripts that are specifically upregulated at the blade-sheath boundary. A surprising number of these ligule genes are also implicated to function during leaf initiation or lateral branching, and intersect multiple hormonal signalling pathways. We propose that genetic modules utilised in leaf and/or branch initiation are redeployed to regulate ligule outgrowth from leaf primordia. In this study, we analysed the transcriptome associated with ligule formation using laser microdissection RNA-sequencing (LM-RNAseq). We quantified transcript accumulation in the PLB and adjacent pre-blade and pre-sheath regions of wild-type leaf primordia in order to identify candidate genes involved in proximal-distal patterning at the blade-sheath boundary. We also compared transcript accumulation in lg1-R mutants and wild-type siblings to identity genes acting downstream of LG1.

2014-09-12 | E-GEOD-61333 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Spatio-temporal transcriptional profiling of leaf development in rice

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Genome-wide transcript analysis of early maize leaf development reveals gene cohorts associated with the differentiation of C4 Kranz anatomy

Project description:Photosynthesis underpins the viability of most ecosystems, with C4 plants that exhibit âKranzâ anatomy being the most efficient primary producers. Kranz anatomy is characterized by closely spaced veins that are encircled by two morphologically distinct photosynthetic cell types. Although Kranz anatomy evolved multiple times, the underlying genetic mechanisms remain largely elusive, with only the maize scarecrow gene so far implicated in Kranz patterning. To provide a broader insight into the regulation of Kranz differentiation, we performed a genome-wide comparative analysis of developmental trajectories in Kranz (foliar leaf blade) and non-Kranz (husk leaf sheath) leaves of the C4 plant maize. Using profile classification of gene expression in early leaf primordia, we identified cohorts of genes associated with procambium initiation and vascular patterning. In addition, we used supervised classification criteria inferred from anatomical and developmental analyses of five developmental stages to identify candidate regulators of cell-type specification. Our analysis supports the suggestion that Kranz anatomy is patterned, at least in part, by a SCARECROW/SHORTROOT regulatory network, and suggests likely components of that network. Furthermore, the data imply a role for additional pathways in the development of Kranz leaves.

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Genome-wide gene expression profiling of rice Zhonghua11 and ila1 lamina joint

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Arabidopsis thaliana strain:Landsberg erecta Transcriptome or Gene expression

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Project description:The leaf lamina joint joins the rice leaf blade and sheath, contributing significantly to the leaf angle trait. A more erect leaf facilitates the penetration of sunlight, enhancing photosynthetic efficiency and occupying less space in dense planting. Genetic screening found a mutant increased leaf angle1, ila1 from rice T-DNA insertional mutants library. We used microarrays to detail the transcriptional profile changes in the mutant ila1 lamina joint. Two biological replicate sample of leaf lamina joints from the ila1 and wild-type plants at tillering stage were collected for RNA extraction. Total RNAs were isolated from each replicate via the TRIzol method (Invitrogen) and used in target synthesis for the Rice Genome Array from Affymetrix. The microarray analyses were performed through following standard protocols (Affymetrix).

2012-04-30 | E-GEOD-33361 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Spatio-temporal gene expression of various tissues/organs throughout entire growth in rice

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2011-01-13 | E-GEOD-21396 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ZmDCT2 has a major role in the photosynthetic development of maize

Project description:We sequenced mRNA from from four segments along a developing 9 day old third maize leaf of WT W22 accession and ZmDCT2 KO (in W22 background - dct2-1::Ac) plants, to identify changes in gene expression in dct2-1::Ac as a response to the loss of ZmDCT2 function. The segments were referenced relative to the position of the ligule of leaf 2 as this point represents the source-sink boundary in a wild-type leaf and the transition from shaded leaf tissue to fully light exposed. Segment -4 was isolated at the base of the leaf blade that is photosynthetically inactive, -1, defined as the sink to source transition zone (just below the point of leaf emergence from the whorl), segment +4, from a fully light exposed and photosynthetically active region in the mid-leaf (maturation zone), and +10, the tip of the leaf and the terminally differentiated tissue

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Gene expression in leaf blades of the rice Os-LBD37 overexpressor line RK16331-13

Project description:The 5th and 6th leaf blades of the rice Os-LBD37 overexpressor line RK16331-13 and the empty vector control line FOX3 were examined. LBD37 belongs to the plant- specific LOB- (Lateral Organ Boundary) domain family proteins first characterized in Arabidopsis. Results point towards an involvement of the rice LBD37 (OsLBD37) ortholog of Arabidopsis in nitrogen metabolism- and senescence- related processes. Hygromycin- resistant rice Os-LBD37 overexpressor and empty vector control plants were grown in hydroponic culture system. The sampling date of the leaf blades of RK16331-13 LBD37 overexpressor plants and the empty vector control was determined according to the emergence of the 8th leaf blade. Three independent hybridizations were performed for line RK16331-13 and the empty vector control line.

2009-12-27 | E-GEOD-14647 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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