The Anopheles gambiae midgut transcriptome
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Anopheles gambiae
PROVIDER: GSE6335 | GEO | 2006/11/23
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA99633
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The Anopheles gambiae midgut harbors bacteria that proliferate upon a blood feed. We used microarrays to examine the midgut gene expression response at early stages (3hours) after an artifitial meal containing heat killed bacteria.
2010-02-13 | GSE20204 | GEO
Project description:Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, which are transmitted via the bites of infected Anopheline mosquitoes. Midgut invasion is a major bottleneck for Plasmodium development inside the mosquito vectors as a rapidly responding immune system recognizes ookinetes and recruits killing factors from the midgut and surrounding tissues, dramatically reducing the population of invading ookinetes before they can successfully traverse the midgut epithelium. Understanding molecular details of the parasite-vector interactions requires precise measurement of nascent protein synthesis in the mosquito during Plasmodium infection. Current expression profiling primarily monitors alterations in steady-state levels of mRNA, but does not address the equally critical issue of whether the proteins encoded by the mRNAs are actually synthesized. In this study, we used sucrose density gradient centrifugation to isolate actively translating Anopheles gambiae mRNAs based upon their association with polyribosomes (polysomes). The proportion of individual gene transcripts associated with polysomes, which is determined by RNA deep sequencing, reflects mRNA translational status. This approach led to identification of 1017 mosquito transcripts that were primarily regulated at the translational level after ingestion of Plasmodium falciparum-infected blood. Caspar, a negative regulator of the NF-kappaB transcription factor Rel2, appears to be substantially activated at the translational levels during Plasmodium infection. In addition, transcripts of Dcr1, Dcr2 and Drosha, which are involved in small RNA biosynthesis, exhibited enhanced associations with polysomes after P. falciparum challenge. This observation suggests that mosquito microRNAs may play an important role in reactions against Plasmodium invasion. We analyzed both total cellular mRNAs and mRNAs that are associated with polysomes to simultaneously monitor transcriptomes and nascent protein synthesis in the mosquito. This approach provides more accurate information regarding the rate of protein synthesis, and identifies some mosquito factors that might have gone unrecognized because expression of these proteins is regulated mainly at the translational level rather than at the transcriptional level after mosquitoes ingest a Plasmodium-infected blood meal.
2012-09-21 | GSE38707 | GEO
Project description:Transmission of malaria is dependent on the successful completion of the Plasmodium lifecycle in the Anopheles vector. Major obstacles are encountered in the midgut tissue, where most parasites are killed by the mosquito’s immune system. In the present study, DNA microarray analyses have been used to compare Anopheles gambiae responses to invasion of the midgut epithelium by the ookinete stage of the human pathogen Plasmodium falciparum and the rodent experimental model pathogen P. berghei. Invasion by P. berghei had a more profound impact on the mosquito transcriptome, including a variety of functional gene classes, while P. falciparum elicited a broader immune response at the gene transcript level. Ingestion of human malaria-infected blood lacking invasive ookinetes also induced a variety of immune genes, including several anti-Plasmodium factors. Keywords: Anopheles gambiae, Plasmodium falciparum, ookinete, invasion, innate immunity
2007-08-15 | GSE8789 | GEO
Project description:The Anopheles gambiae midgut harbors bacteria that proliferate upon a blood feed. We used microarrays to examine the midgut gene expression response at early stages (3hours) after an artifitial meal containing heat killed bacteria. Anopheles gambiae G3 mosquitoes 5-6 day-old were fed BSA (20% in PBS with fresh 10 mM sodium bicarbonate) with or without heat killed E. coli (equivalent of 2.5 ml of 0.8 OD) . Three pools of 10 mosquito midguts were dissected after 3h and processed for microarray analysis of gene expression.
2010-02-21 | E-GEOD-20204 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We conducted a genome wide survey of mosquito gene expression profiles in 4 different tissues of adult Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. The tissues included the head, the midgut, the carcass (corresponding to the remainder of the mosquito after decapitation and midgut removal) and ovaries. Ovaries were collected from adult female mosquitoes, which had been bloodfed 48h prior to dissection. To investigate mosquito expression in those tissues, we performed competitive two-dye hybridizations of experimental and standard reference RNA samples to MMC1 microarrays. MMC1 microarrays contain approximately 20,000 EST clones. Standard reference RNA was produced in vitro from the spotted ESTs and was utilized to provide consistent, non-zero reference values for almost all probes of the array. For the experiment, two biological replicates, corresponding to mosquito generations 1 and 3 (generation 2 was discarded due to probable labelling errors) and one technical (dye-swap) replicate was conducted.
2007-07-19 | E-TABM-153 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Malaria is a devastating disease. For transmission to occur, Plasmodium, the causative agent of malaria, must complete a complex developmental cycle in its mosquito vector. Thus, the mosquito is a potential target for disease control. Plasmodium ookinetes, which develop within the mosquito midgut, must first cross the midgut's peritrophic matrix (PM), a thick extracellular sheath that completely surrounds the blood meal. The PM poses a partial, natural barrier against parasite invasion of the midgut and it is speculated that modifications to the PM may lead to a complete barrier to infection. However, such strategies require thorough characterization of the structure of the PM. Here, we describe for the first time, the complete PM proteome of the main malaria vector, Anopheles gambiae. Altogether, 209 proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. Among them were nine new chitin-binding peritrophic matrix proteins, expanding the list from three to twelve peritrophins. Lastly, we provide a model for the putative interactions among the proteins identified in this study.
| S-EPMC2684889 | biostudies-literature
Project description:RNA from adult mosquitoes was aminoallyl-labelled and directly hybridized to glass high density microarrays. Intensity values are used in a study of detection of transcription above background. Keywords: High density oligonucleotide array; detection of gene transcription
2006-07-15 | GSE5196 | GEO
Project description:The mosquito Anopheles gambiae uses its innate immune system to control bacterial and Plasmodium infection of its midgut tissue. The activation of potent IMD pathway-mediated anti-Plasmodium falciparum defenses is dependent on the presence of the midgut microbiota, which activate this defense system upon parasite infection through a peptidoglycan recognition protein, PGRPLC. We employed transcriptomic and reverse genetic analyses to compare the P. falciparum infection-responsive transcriptomes of septic and aseptic mosquitoes and to determine whether bacteria-independent anti-Plasmodium defenses exist. To examine the impact of P. falciparum infection on the mosquito midgut and carcass transcriptomes in the presence or absence of midgut bacteria, we used A. gambiae whole genome microarrays to compare the mRNA abundance of P. falciparum-infected and -naïve mosquitoes of antibiotic- and non-antibiotic treated cohorts. P. falciparum infection induced changes in the abundance of as many as 2,183 and 2,429 transcripts in whole mosquitoes belonging to a variety of functional groups in aseptic and septic mosquitoes. Ultimately, we were interested in identifying the genes involved in bacteria-independent anti-Plasmodium responses, and therefore we focused on transcripts displaying increased abundance in the parasite-infected aseptic midguts, placing a particular emphasis on those with predicted immune functions. Because of the central role of serine protease cascades in regulating insect immune defenses, we focused the remainder of our analysis on a clip-domain serine protease C2 (CLIPC2, AGAP004317) and a serine protease inhibitor 7 (SRPN7, AGAP007693) that were specifically upregulated in the parasite-infected, aseptic mosquito midgut. We showed that SRPN7 negatively and CLIPC2 positively regulate the anti-Plasmodium defense, independently of the midgut-associated bacteria. Co-silencing assays suggested that these two genes may function together in a signaling cascade. Neither gene was regulated, nor modulated, by infection with the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium berghei, suggesting that SRPN7 and CLIPC2 are components of a defense system with preferential activity towards P. falciparum. Further analysis using RNA interference determined that these genes do not regulate the anti-Plasmodium defense mediated by the IMD pathway, and both factors act as agonists of the endogenous midgut microbiota, further demonstrating the lack of functional relatedness between these genes and the bacteria-dependent activation of the IMD pathway. This is the first study confirming the existence of a bacteria-independent, anti-P. falciparum defense.
2013-08-10 | GSE49690 | GEO
Project description:Comparisons between EcR mutant midgut and a reference control sample from mixed-stage normal midgut Keywords = Drosophila, ecdysone, network, genomic, microarray, organogenesis, EcR, midgut, central nervous system, salivary gland, epidermis, imaginal disc, development Keywords: other
2003-07-23 | GSE540 | GEO