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Enhanced methylome sequencing by recovery of unsequenceable fragments

ABSTRACT: Bisulfite sequencing is a valuable tool for mapping the position of 5-methylcytosine in the genome at single base resolution. However, the associated chemistry renders the majority of DNA fragments unsequenceable, thus necessitating PCR amplification. Furthermore, bisulfite conversion generates an A,T-rich DNA library that leads to major PCR biases that may confound methylation analysis. Here we report a method that enables accurate methylation analysis, by rebuilding the damaged DNA library after bisulfite treatment. This recovery after bisulfite treatment (ReBuilT) approach enables PCR-free bisulfite sequencing from low nanogram quantities of genomic DNA. We applied the ReBuilT method for whole methylome analysis of the A,T rich genome of Plasmodium berghei. We demonstrate substantial improvements in coverage and the reduction of sequence-context biases as compared to classical methylome analysis. Our method will be widely applicable for accurate, quantitative methylation analysis, even for technically challenging genomes, and where limited sample DNA is available.

ORGANISM(S): Plasmodium berghei ANKA

PROVIDER: GSE65116 | GEO | 2016/03/16

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA273015

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Enhanced methylome sequencing by recovery of unsequenceable fragments

Project description:Bisulfite sequencing is a valuable tool for mapping the position of 5-methylcytosine in the genome at single base resolution. However, the associated chemistry renders the majority of DNA fragments unsequenceable, thus necessitating PCR amplification. Furthermore, bisulfite conversion generates an A,T-rich DNA library that leads to major PCR biases that may confound methylation analysis. Here we report a method that enables accurate methylation analysis, by rebuilding the damaged DNA library after bisulfite treatment. This recovery after bisulfite treatment (ReBuilT) approach enables PCR-free bisulfite sequencing from low nanogram quantities of genomic DNA. We applied the ReBuilT method for whole methylome analysis of the A,T rich genome of Plasmodium berghei. We demonstrate substantial improvements in coverage and the reduction of sequence-context biases as compared to classical methylome analysis. Our method will be widely applicable for accurate, quantitative methylation analysis, even for technically challenging genomes, and where limited sample DNA is available. From the same DNA sample we prepared 3 PCR-free Bisulfite-Seq replicates (ReBuilT) and 2 standard Bisulfite-Seq replicates (PCR-BS).

2016-03-16 | E-GEOD-65116 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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DIRECT: Digital Microfluidics for Isolation-Free Shared Library Construction of Single-Cell DNA Methylome and Transcriptome

Project description:Integrated single-cell transcriptome and DNA methylome profiling has provided insight into the complex regulatory networks of cells. Existing methods are based on picking a single-cell and performing library construction in a tube, which is costly and cumbersome. Here, we propose DIRECT, a digital microfluidics-based method for simultaneous analysis of the methylome and transcriptome in a single library construction. The accuracy of DIRECT is demonstrated in comparison with bulk and single-omics data, and the high CpG site coverage of DIRECT allows for precise analysis of copy number variation information, enabling expansion of single cell analysis from two- to three-omics. By applying DIRECT to monitor the dynamics of mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation, the relationship between DNA methylation and changes in gene expression during differentiation was revealed. DIRECT enables accurate, robust, and reproducible single-cell DNA methylation and gene expression co-analysis at a lower cost and with greater efficiency, broadening the application scenarios of single-cell multi-omics analysis and revealing a more comprehensive and fine-grained map of cellular regulatory landscapes.

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Project description:Unraveling complexity of DNA methylome is essential to decipher DNA methylation mechanism in life. However, this has been subjected to technological constraints to balance between cost and accurate measurement of the DNA methylation level. In this study, by innovatively introducing C-hydroxylmethylated adapters, we have developed MeDIP-Bisulfite sequencing (MB-seq), which could obtain DNA methylome of repertoire CpGs at single-base resolution. We found MB-seq only costs 10% of MethylC-seq, but covers 85% of total CpGs in human genome. Unlike absolute methylation levels determined by MethylC-seq and RRBS, MB-seq presented relative methylation levels that are linearly inflated. This has enlightened us to develop a MB-seq corresponding correction method for methylation level based on ridge regression, which integrates the data of MB-seq and RRBS to predict the methylation level of total 28.2 million CpGs on human genome with high accuracy (Pearson correlation coefficient, PCC=0.90). Moreover, by employing MB-seq, we generated the DNA methylome of an ovarian epithelial cell line (T29) and its oncogenic counterpart (T29H), respectively. After ridge regression, we identified 131,790 differential methylation regions (DMRs) with high accuracy between T29 and T29H, far more than 7,567 obtained from RRBS. Taken together, our result demonstrated that the MB-seq combined with ridge regression is a wide applicable approach for profiling of DNA methylome.

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Genome-wide profiling of DNA methylation at single-base resolution based on MeDIP-bisulfite high-throughput sequencing and ridge regression (MB)

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Simultaneous methylation-level assessment of hundreds of CpG sites by targeted bisulfite PCR sequencing (TBPseq)

Project description:Methylated-DNA sequencing technologies are producing vast amounts of methylome data from cancer samples, from which cancer-associated differentially methylated CpG sites (cDMCs) are continuously identified and filed. The inclusion of as many cDMCs as possible helps improve the accuracy of cancer diagnosis and sometimes identify cancer subtypes. However, the lack of an established method for the analysis of hundreds of cDMCs practically impedes their robust use in clinical medicine. Here, we tested the availability of targeted bisulfite-PCR-sequencing (TBPseq) technology for the assessment of methylation levels of a myriad of CpGs scattered over the genome. In randomly selected 46 cancer cell lines, multiplexed PCR yielded a variety of amplicons harboring 250 CpGs residing at promoters of 97 cancer-associated genes, all of which were sequenced in the same flow cell. Clustering analysis of the TBPseq-assessed methylation levels of target CpGs showed that the lung and liver cancer cell lines correlated relatively strongly with each other while they weakly correlated with colon cancer cells. CpGs at the MLH1 gene promoter, which are known to be hypermethylated in colon cancers, indeed were heavily methylated in the tested colon cancer cells. LIFR CpGs, also known to be methylated in colon cancers, were hypermethylated in the colon cancer cells. Moreover, MLH1 and LIFR promoter hypermethylations were found in colon cancer cells only, but not in biliary tract, liver, lung and stomach cancers cell lines. A meta-analysis with public cancer methylome datasets verified the colorectal cancer specificity of MLH1 and LIFR promoter methylation. These results demonstrate that our TBPseq-based methylation assessment could be considered an effective, accurate, and competitive method to simultaneously examine a large number of target cDMCs and patient samples.

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