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Highly efficient in vivo delivery of functional RNAs using new versatile MS2-chimeric retrovirus-like particles

ABSTRACT: RNA delivery is a method of choice to achieve transient gene expression for research and in cell- or gene-based therapies. To improve retroviral transfer, we designed a dimerization-independent MS2-driven packaging system using MS2-retrovirus chimeras. We delivered RUNX2- or DLX5-mRNA into primary human bone-marrow mesenchymal-stem-cells. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression confirming the effects of pro-osteogenic genes transduced by MS2 chimeric lentiviral particles.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE66723 | GEO | 2015/03/11

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA277806

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Nearly every step of RNA regulation is mediated by binding proteins (RBPs). The most common method to identify specific RBP target transcripts in vivo is by crosslinking (“CLIP” and its variants), which rely on protein-RNA crosslinking and specific antibodies. Another recently introduced method exploits RNA editing, with the hyperactive mutant catalytic domain of ADAR covalently attached to a specific RBP (“HyperTRIBE”). Both CLIP and TRIBE approaches suffer from difficulties in distinguishing real RNA targets from false negative and especially false positive signals. To critically evaluate this problem, we used fibroblasts from a mouse where every endogenous β-actin mRNA molecule was tagged with the bacteriophage MS2 RNA stem loops in the β-actin 3’ UTR; hence there is only a single bona fide target mRNA for the MS2 capsid protein (MCP). CLIP and HyperTRIBE (hereafter referred to as TRIBE) could both detect the single RNA target, albeit with some false positives (transcripts lacking the MS2 stem loops). Consistent false positive CLIP signals could be attributed to nonspecific antibody interactions. However, to our surprise the putative false positive TRIBE targets correlated with the location of genes spatially proximal to the β-actin gene. This result indicates that MCP-ADAR bound to β-actin mRNA contacted and edited nearby nascent transcripts, as evidenced by frequent intronic editing. Importantly, nascent transcripts on nearby chromosomes were also edited, agreeing with the interchromosomal contacts observed in chromosome paint and Hi-C. These results were repeated in human osteosarcoma cells with a randomly integrated and inducible MS2 reporter and indicated that MS2-TRIBE can be applied to a broad array of cells and transcripts. The identification of nascent RNA-RNA contacts imply that RNA-regulatory proteins such as splicing factors can associate with multiple nascent transcripts and thereby form domains of post-transcriptional activity, which increase their local concentrations. These results indicate that TRIBE combined with the MS2 system, MS2-TRIBE, is a new tool to study nuclear RNA organization and regulation.

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Highly efficient in vivo delivery of functional RNAs using new versatile MS2-chimeric retrovirus-like particles

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