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RNA-seq Analysis of 15q Duplication and AS Deletion DPSC derived neurons.

ABSTRACT: A major problem in studying neurogenetic syndromes is obtaining live neurons from people with these disorders. We have taken a novel approach to studying gene expression in neurons from Angelman or Dup15q syndrome subjects using dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). Shed teeth were collected to generate DPSC lines from 3 AS deletion, 3 15q Duplication and three neurotypical subjects. mRNAseq was performed on DPSC and DPSC derived neurons. We identified 20 genes in AS, 120 genes in 15q duplication and 3 genes in both groups (DPT, MED12L and AKRIC1) that were significantly different from control DPSC-neurons. Copy number correlated to gene expression for most genes across the 15q11.2-q13.1 critical region. Two thirds of the genes differentially regulated in 15q duplication were down-regulated compared to controls including the transcription factors FOXO1 and HAND2, while in AS the genes did not show a clear trend except in the 15q region. Pathway analysis revealed increased cytokine activity related genes including four genes that increased in 15q duplication samples: CCL7, CCL2, MMP2 and MMP3; while steroid hormone biosynthesis genes were slightly enriched in both 15q duplication and AS neurons. Overall there were more dramatic changes in gene expression in the 15q) duplication than AS deletion cell lines, perhaps because the mechanism of AS may be through protein targeting by UBE3A. Nonetheless, the finding of a significant increase in both HERC2 and UBE3A in 15q duplication neurons and significant decrease in these two genes in AS deletion neurons may impact the AS phenotype, at least in deletion cases.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE67122 | GEO | 2017/03/17

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA279008

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Angelman syndrome (AS) and interstitial duplication 15q autism (int dup(15)) are reciprocal genomic disorders caused by maternal deletion or duplication of the 15q11.2-q13 region. While AS is caused by maternal loss of 15q and maternal duplications of 15q can cause autism implicating the maternally expressed UBE3A gene in these phenotypes. We investigated chromatin and gene expression changes in blood and cell lines from three int dup(15) and three reciprocal AS deletion subjects to identify global genomic and gene expression changes that may influence both the AS and autism phenotypes. Using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) we identified 1104 regions of differential open chromatin in AS deletion and 2344 regions int dup(15) indicating changes in chromatin could influence gene expression in these regions. Microarray analysis revealed 1225 genes that were elevated in AS deletion vs int dup(15) and 976 genes that were elevated in int dup(15) vs AS deletion PBMC (pvalue<0.05). Significant differences in expression were found for genes at the 15q locus like UBE3A, ATP10A and HERC2. A larger set of genes involved in chromatin remodeling, DNA repair and neurogenesis were found, at FAIRE peaks in AS deletion samples but had increased transcription in int dup(15) samples. There was a significant enhancement for genes with FOXP1 binding sites in the int dup(15) gene set and elevated FOXP1 protein could be detected in the nucleus of int dup(15) as compared to AS deletion cell lines. This analysis provides the first insights into transcriptional changes which may unveil new sets of genes and pathways contributing to both AS and autism pathogenesis. Gene expression was performed using 100ng of total RNA from each subject as starting material for amplification and cRNA synthesis in accordance Affymetrix protocols (http://tinyurl.com/3j7dcp6). Hybridizations were performed to the Affy HumanGene_st_v1 chip and the signal data normalized using internal chip controls. Normalized expression data was then exported to a text file for subsequent expression analysis using the EXPANDER software analysis suite.

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RNA-seq Analysis of 15q Duplication and AS Deletion DPSC derived neurons.

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