Effects of long-term intake of RPS on gene expression in the colon and liver of pigs
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Sus scrofa
PROVIDER: GSE71305 | GEO | 2015/07/25
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA290868
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:To investigate effects of long-term intake of RPS on gene expression in the colon and liver of pigs,thirty-six Duroc × Landrace × Large White growing barrows were randomly allocated to corn starch (CS) and RPS groups. Each group consisted of six replicates (pens), with three pigs per pen. Pigs in the CS group were offered a corn/soybean-based diet, while pigs in the RPS group were put on a diet in which 230 g/kg (growing period) or 280 g/kg (finishing period) purified corn starch was replaced with purified RPS during a 100-day trial. Liver transcriptomic results showed that the expression of CD36, CPT1B and ACADM was down-regulated, while AGPAT4, GPAT, FABP1 and FABP3 were up-regulated by the RPS diet, indicating a decrease in fatty acid intake and synthesis, and an increase in fatty acid oxidation and glycerophospholipid synthesis.Analysis of the colonic transcriptome profiles revealed that the RPS diet changed the colonic expression profile of the host genes mainly involved in immune response pathways. RPS significantly increased proinflammartory cytokine IL-1? gene expression and suppressed genes involved in lysosome. Thirty-six Duroc × Landrace × Large White growing barrows (70 days of age, 23.78 ± 1.87 kg) were randomly allocated to two groups, each group consisting of three pigs per pen, and six replicates. Pigs in the control group were offered a corn/soybean-based diet, while 230 g/kg purified corn starch (CS) was replaced with purified RPS in the RPS diet group. Diets were formulated according to the nutrient requirements of the National Research Council (1998). When animals reached the age of 120 days, diets were adapted to the nutrient requirements of the animals (finishing diet) and the amount of purified starch increased to 280 g of CS or RPS per kilogram of feed. Pigs had unlimited access to feed and water throughout the experimental period, which consisted of two 50-day trials in which the pigs consumed the growing diet (days 0-50) and finishing diet (days 51-100), respectively. On day 100, one pig from each replicate that met the target slaughter weight (105 to 110 kg) was slaughtered. The liver and colonic mucosa tissues were collected and preserved in liquid nitrogen for gene expression analysis.
2015-07-25 | E-GEOD-71305 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this study was to investigate whether long term intake of pea fiber would improve colonic barrier, bacterial profile and alter colonic gene expression using DNA microarray. Fifty weaned pigs were randomly allocated into 2 groups receiving control and fibrous diet with inclusion of pea fiber from weaning age until d 160. The two diets had similar nutrient levels. Pigs fed pea fiber diet (PF diet) had markedly decreased overall average daily feed intake (ADFI) and Feed:Gain in growing and finishing period (P<0.05). In addition, long term intake of PF diet induced deeper crypt (+50 %, P<0.05), increased protein expression of colonic mucin and sIgA (+13～16 %, P<0.05). Resulting from the increased lactobacillus content (P<0.05), moreover, pigs fed PF diet had significantly higher concentration of colonic total short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and acetic acid. DNA microarray results indicated that feeding PF diet induced alterations in the expression of colonic cancer, immune response and lipid metabolism-related genes, as well as genes involved in signal pathway such as intestinal immune network for IgA production, PPAR signaling pathway and nutrient metabolism-related pathways. Collectively, our results suggested that long term intake of PF diet would improve colonic health via altering colonic bacteria profile, colonic barriers, immune and metabolism related protein or gene expressions. A total of 50 weaned pigs (Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire, initial body weight: 7.2±0.5 kg) were randomly allocated to 2 groups with 5 pens each group and 5 pig each pen. Pigs were fed control (Control) and fibrous diets (10～20 % inclusion of pea fiber, PF) from weaning at 28 day to 160 day-old-age, which is subjected to phase feeding by weaning diet (weaning to d 30 post-weaning), growing diet (d 30～90 postweaning) and finishing diet (d 90～160 postweaning) according to their physiological stage. At d 160 postweaning, four pigs each group were selected to be slaughtered for collection of colonic tissues and DNA microarray was applied to the colonic tissues for analysis of gene expression.
2013-01-30 | E-GEOD-43917 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Diets rich in carbohydrates not only lead to obesity but also contribute to the liver metabolic diseases. Starch is the major energy source of the daily diet. However, little is known about the metabolic changes due to the intake of different dietary starches. Our aim was to assess the overall metabolic changes at the transcriptome level. Animal model was used, and a total of 16 weaned pigs were randomly allotted to two experimental diets containing either of cassava starch (CS) or maize starch (MS) during 21 days. At the end of the trial, liver tissues were sampled and used for analysis of digestive enzymes, metabolites and transcriptomes. The growth performance was not affected by dietary starch sources. However, CS-feeding significantly increased the serum insulin and cholesterol concentrations (P<0.05). The liver triglyceride and cholesterol content were both elevated by CS-feeding (P<0.05). Microarray analysis led to the identification of 648 genes differentially expressed in liver (P<0.05). The CS-feeding activated the transcription of lipogenic genes such as HMGR and FASN, but decreased the expression of lipolytic genes such as ACOX1, PPARA and FBP. The microarray results correlated well with the measurements of several key enzymes involved in hepatic lipid metabolisms. These results suggested that dietary starch source alters hepatic transcriptome in weaned pigs. The slowly digestible starch (i.e. MS) seemed to be more healthful for mammals as the dietary energy supplier by transcriptional down-regulation of lipogenesis and steroidogenesis.
2010-03-11 | GSE20721 | GEO
Project description:The aim of this study was to investigate whether long term intake of pea fiber would improve colonic barrier, bacterial profile and alter colonic gene expression using DNA microarray. Fifty weaned pigs were randomly allocated into 2 groups receiving control and fibrous diet with inclusion of pea fiber from weaning age until d 160. The two diets had similar nutrient levels. Pigs fed pea fiber diet (PF diet) had markedly decreased overall average daily feed intake (ADFI) and Feed:Gain in growing and finishing period (P<0.05). In addition, long term intake of PF diet induced deeper crypt (+50 %, P<0.05), increased protein expression of colonic mucin and sIgA (+13～16 %, P<0.05). Resulting from the increased lactobacillus content (P<0.05), moreover, pigs fed PF diet had significantly higher concentration of colonic total short chain fatty acid (SCFA) and acetic acid. DNA microarray results indicated that feeding PF diet induced alterations in the expression of colonic cancer, immune response and lipid metabolism-related genes, as well as genes involved in signal pathway such as intestinal immune network for IgA production, PPAR signaling pathway and nutrient metabolism-related pathways. Collectively, our results suggested that long term intake of PF diet would improve colonic health via altering colonic bacteria profile, colonic barriers, immune and metabolism related protein or gene expressions.
2013-01-30 | GSE43917 | GEO
Project description:The starch, acting as the major energy-producing component of the daily diet, is the main carbohydrate in mammal nutrition. However, the nutritional value of starch can vary widely depending upon its source and site of digestion. The distinct physiological responses were previously observed both in human and other mammals, but still little is known about the underlying mechanisms regarding the metabolic shifts due to the intake of various dietary starches. Here, we assessed the overall metabolic changes in weaned pigs induced by different dietary starch sources at the transcriptome level. Sixteen weaned pigs (DurocÃLandraceÃYorkshire) were selected and randomly allotted to diets containing either wheat (WH) or cassava (CA) starch as the energy source (n=8). We measured serum metabolites and hormones and generated transcriptional profiles of liver. 648 genes in liver were differentially expressed in response to dietary starch sources. Pathway analysis indicated that dietary starch sources altered both carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in liver. In contrast, CA may be more healthful as dietary energy source than WH by down-regulating lipogenesis and steroidogenesis in liver. Sixteen weaned pigs (DurocÃLandraceÃYorkshire) with an average initial body weight of 7.37±0.25 kg were selected and randomly allotted to two dietary treatments (either wheat or cassava starch as the energy source) for 21 d. At the end of the trial, the liver tissue were collected for transcriptome analysis using Agilent porcine microarrays.
2010-09-09 | E-GEOD-20721 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:We used Affymetrix microarrays to investigate gene expression changes in PBMNCs isolated from female and male pigs to determine significant modulatory effects that may have been induced by the intake of GE and (or) RES during 4 months in animals fed an atherogenic diet (AD) . The aim of this work was to determine whether the intake of low doses of a Grape Extract (GE; 1 g/70 Kg animal body weight) and (or) Resveratrol (RES; 18 mg/70 Kg animal body weight) exerted any modulatory effects, at the level of gene expression, in PBMNCs isolated from female and male pigs exposed to an atherogenic diet (AD) for 4 months. We isolated PBMNCs, and the corresponding total RNA, from 2 female and 2 male pigs for each group. Pure RNA was extracted from the PBMNCs for microarrays analyses (Affymetrix) and gene differential expression determined between the AD fed animals and control (CT) animals (to determine the effects of a high-fat consumption) and between the AD fed animals supplemented with GE and (or) RES and the animals fed the AD diet alone (to determine the effects of GE and (or) RES on the fat consumption). In addition, the effects of the consumption of GE and RES against a standard control diet (CT) were also determined. Differential gene expression: 1) AD vs CT (response to exposure to a high-fat diet); 2) AD-GE vs AD (modulatory effects of the intake of a grape extract on high-fat fed animals); 3) AD-GE-RES vs AD (modulatory effects of the intake of a resveratrol-enriched grape extract on high-fat fed animals); 4) AD-RES vs AD (modulatory effects of the intake of resveratrol on high-fat fed animals); 5) CT-GE-RES vs CT (modulatory effects of the intake of a resveratrol-enriched grape extract on animals fes a standard pig chow).
2011-07-22 | E-GEOD-30874 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids in the large and medium sized arteries. Lipoproteins and the endothelium play critical roles in the onset of atherosclerosis through the regulation of trans-endothelial lipoprotein flux in the subintima, the expression of adhesion molecules and proinflamatory cytokine, and the recruitment of monocytic precursors to intimal macrophage foam cells. Although it has been greatly studied in animal models, including rabbits, pigs, non-human primates and rodents, the early development of atherosclerosis is unknown. In this study, we characterized the temporal changes of carotid endothelial transcriptome in hyperlipidemic pigs using next-generation RNA sequencing. Twenty litters of castrated barrows swine (Yorkshire x Landrace) were raised on a normal diet. The swine (~250 lbs) were then fed with a diet high in fat and cholesterol (HFHC) for 0, 2, 4, 8, or 12 weeks (n=4 animals for each time point) prior to tissue collections. The normal diet consisted of a standard commercial corn/soybean meal diet (18% crude protein) at 100% ad libitum intake. The isocaloric high fat/high cholesterol diet consisted of 16.5% crude protein, 15% fat and 1.5% cholesterol at 80% of the ad libitum feed rate (by weight) such that the caloric intake/kg BW were approximately the same as the control diet. Diets were adjusted biweekly according to body weight. Food was withheld for 24 hours prior to endothelium collection in order to permits the collection of blood for fasting lipid levels.
2019-12-31 | E-MTAB-3742 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background and Aims: We have shown in several controlled rat and human infection studies that dietary calcium improves intestinal resistance and strengthens the mucosal barrier. Reinforcement of gut barrier function is also relevant for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Therefore, we investigated the effect of supplemental calcium on spontaneous colitis development in HLA-B27 transgenic rats, an experimental animal model of IBD. Methods: HLA-B27 transgenic rats were fed a purified high-fat diet containing either a low or high calcium content (30 and 120 mmol CaHPO4/kg diet, respectively) for almost 7 weeks. Inert chromium ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (CrEDTA) was added to the diets to quantify intestinal permeability by measuring urinary CrEDTA excretion. Relative fecal dry-weight was determined to quantify diarrhea. Colonic inflammation was determined histologically, and by measuring mucosal interleukin-1M-NM-2. In addition, colonic mucosal gene expression of individual rats was analyzed, using whole genome microarrays. Interesting results were verified by Q-PCR. Results: The high-calcium diet significantly prevented the increase in intestinal permeability and diarrhea with time in HLA-B27 rats developing colitis as compared to the low-calcium group. The histological colitis score and mucosal interleukin-1M-NM-2 levels were lower in high-calcium fed rats. Supplemental calcium prevented the colitis-induced increase in the expression of extracellular matrix remodeling genes (e.g. matrix metalloproteinases, procollagens and fibronectin), which was confirmed by Q-PCR. Conclusions: Dietary calcium inhibits colitis development in HLA-B27 transgenic rats. Calcium prevents the colitis-related increase in intestinal permeability, diminishes diarrhea, and lowers the inflammatory response in the mucosa, resulting in less extracellular matrix breakdown. Keywords: nutritional intervention Female HLA-B27/M-NM-22-microglobulin transgenic rats on an inbred Fisher 344 background (n=8 in experimental group and n=9 in control group) (Taconic Farms, Inc, Germantown, NY), 8-10 weeks old and with a mean body weight of 128 g at the start of the experiment, were housed individually in metabolic cages. Animals were kept in a temperature- and humidity-controlled environment and in a 12-h light-dark cycle. Rats were fed a purified M-bM-^@M-^XhumanizedM-bM-^@M-^Y Western diet which contained in the control situation (per kg): 200 g acid casein, 326 g corn starch, 174 g glucose, 160 g palm oil, 40 g corn oil, 50 g cellulose and 5.16 g CaHPO4.2H2O (corresponding to 30 mmol calcium/kg diet; Sigma-Aldrich, St Louis, MO). Vitamins and minerals (other than calcium) were added to all diets according to the recommendations of the American Institute of Nutrition 1993.17 The experimental diet contained more calcium (120 mmol calcium/kg diet) at the expense of glucose. All samples were individually labelled and hybridized (Cy5). Equal amounts of Cy3 cRNA of all animals were pooled to serve as standard reference pool.
2009-07-16 | E-GEOD-11022 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cows were selected from two groups of 12 cows enrolled in a large experiment to assess the effects of ad libitum or restricted intake of moderate-energy diets during the entire dry period on pre-partum metabolism and post-partum metabolism and performance. A corn silage-based diet (26% of diet dry matter) providing 1.59 Mcal/kg during the far-off dry period (first 5 wk of an 8-wk dry period) or providing 1.61 Mcal/kg during the close-up dry period (last 3 wk of the dry period) was fed for ad libitum or restricted intake. Four multiparous Holstein cows were randomly selected from the ad libitum and restricted intake groups. Keywords: time course, ad libitum or restricted feeding prepartum
2006-05-23 | GSE3331 | GEO
Project description:We used Affymetrix microarrays to investigate gene expression changes in PBMNCs isolated from female and male pigs to determine significant modulatory effects that may have been induced by the intake of resveratrol during 9 months in high-fat fed animals . The aim of this work was to determine whether the intake of dietary levels of resveratrol (RES) exerted any modulatory effects, at the level of gene expression, in PBMNCs isolated from female and male pigs exposed to a H-F diet for 9 months. We first isolated PBMNCs, and the corresponding total RNA, from 5 female pigs and 5 male pigs at time 0 (beginning of the experiment) to determine basal gene expression levels and to compare sex differential gene expression. Animals designated to the control group were then fed a normal chow (5% beef tallow) for 9 months. Animals in the H-F diet were fed a chow with 20% of beef tallow and animals in the H-F diet supplemented with resveratrol were fed the 20% fat diet plus resveratrol (8 mg/Kg body weight per day). From each group, PBMNCs were isolated from 2 female and 2 male animals. Pure RNA was extracted from the PBMNCs for microarrays analyses (Affymetrix) and gene differential expression determined between the H-F fed animals and CT animals (to determine the effects of fat consumption) and between the H-F fed animals supplemented with RES and the H-F group (to determine the effects of RES on the fat consumption).
2010-08-08 | E-GEOD-23503 | biostudies-arrayexpress