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Global DNA methylation changes in Nile tilapia gonad during high-temperature induced masculinization

ABSTRACT: In fish, the sex determining mechanisms can broadly be classified as genotypic (GSD), temperature-dependent (TSD), or genotypic plus temperature effects (GSD+TE). For the fish species with TSD or GSD+TE, extremely high or low temperature can affect its sex determination and differentiation. For long time, the underlying changes in DNA methylation that occur during high or low temperature induced sex reversal have not been fully clarified. In this study, we used Nile tilapia as a model to perform a genome-wide survey of differences in DNA methylation in female and male gonads between control and high temperature induced groups using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). We identified the high temperature induction-related differentially methylated regions (DMRs), and performed functional enrichment analysis for genes exhibiting DMR. These identified differentially methylated genes were potentially involved in the connection between environmental temperature and sex reversal in Nile tilapia.

ORGANISM(S): Oreochromis niloticus

PROVIDER: GSE72386 | GEO | 2015/08/27

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA293932

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Global DNA methylation changes in Nile tilapia gonad during high-temperature induced masculinization

Project description:In fish, the sex determining mechanisms can broadly be classified as genotypic (GSD), temperature-dependent (TSD), or genotypic plus temperature effects (GSD+TE). For the fish species with TSD or GSD+TE, extremely high or low temperature can affect its sex determination and differentiation. For long time, the underlying changes in DNA methylation that occur during high or low temperature induced sex reversal have not been fully clarified. In this study, we used Nile tilapia as a model to perform a genome-wide survey of differences in DNA methylation in female and male gonads between control and high temperature induced groups using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation (MeDIP). We identified the high temperature induction-related differentially methylated regions (DMRs), and performed functional enrichment analysis for genes exhibiting DMR. These identified differentially methylated genes were potentially involved in the connection between environmental temperature and sex reversal in Nile tilapia. In this study, four samples (control females, CF; control males, CM; induced females, IF; induced males, IM) were analyzed.

2015-08-27 | E-GEOD-72386 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:Gonadal sex determining (GSD) genes that initiate fetal ovarian and testicular development and differentiation are expressed in the cells of the urogenital ridge that differentiate as somatic support cells (SSCs), i.e., granulosa cells of the ovary and Sertoli cells of the testis. To identify potential new mammalian GSD genes, we analyzed the gene expression differences between XX and XY SSCs cells isolated from the gonads of embryonic day (E) 13 mouse fetuses carrying an EGFP reporter transgene expressed specifically in SSCs. In addition, genome wide expression differences between XX and XY E13 whole gonads were examined. Newly identified differentially expressed transcripts are potential GSD genes involved in unexplained human sex reversal cases. Keywords: microarray, mouse fetal gonadal somatic support cells, sex determination

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Project description:Homoeothermic organisms maintain their core body temperature in a narrow, tightly controlled range. Whether and how subtle circadian oscillations or disease-associated changes in core body temperature are sensed and integrated in gene expression programs remains elusive. Furthermore, a thermo-sensor capable of sensing the small temperature differentials leading to temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in poikilothermic reptiles has not been identified. Here we show that the activity of CDC-like kinases (CLKs) is highly responsive to physiological temperature changes, which is conferred by structural rearrangements within the kinase activation segment. Lower body temperature activates CLKs resulting in strongly increased phosphorylation of SR-proteins in vitro and in vivo. This globally controls temperature-dependent alternative splicing and gene expression, with wide implications in circadian, tissue-specific and disease-associated settings. This temperature sensor is conserved across evolution and adapted to growth temperatures of diverse poikilotherms. The dynamic temperature range of reptilian CLK homologs suggests a role in TSD.

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