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Rare CNVs in Lynch Syndrome patients negative for mutations in mismatch repair genes [Agilent]

ABSTRACT: Only a small proportion of cases suspected to have Lynch Syndrome (LS) can be explained by mutation in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes. This study aimed to identify rare CNVs that may contribute to an increased risk for hereditary colorectal cancer in patients with MMR proficiency.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE72665 | GEO | 2015/11/30

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA294620

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Rare CNVs in Lynch Syndrome patients negative for mutations in mismatch repair genes [Affymetrix]

Project description:Only a small proportion of cases suspected to have Lynch Syndrome (LS) can be explained by mutation in the mismatch repair (MMR) genes. This study aimed to identify rare CNVs that may contribute to an increased risk for hereditary colorectal cancer in patients with MMR proficiency.

2015-11-30 | GSE72667 | GEO

Comprehensive constitutional genetic and epigenetic characterization of Lynch-like individuals [Blood]

Project description:Background: In ~50% of Lynch syndrome (LS)-suspected patients (also called Lynch-like syndrome, LLS), the causal mechanism for cancer predisposition remains unknown. Our aim was to elucidate the constitutional basis of mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency in LLS patients throughout a comprehensive genetic and epigenetic analysis. Methods: One hundred and fifteen LLS patients harboring MMR deficient tumors and no pathogenic germline MMR gene mutations were included in this study. Mutational analysis of 26 colorectal cancer associated genes was performed by using a customized multigene panel and massively parallel sequencing. Pathogenicity of MMR variants was assessed by mRNA analysis and multifactorial likelihood calculations. Genome-wide methylome analysis was perfomed by using the Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip. Results: The multigene panel analysis revealed the presence of two MMR gene truncating mutations not found in previous analysis. Of a total of 15 MMR variants of unknown significance identified, five - present in 6 unrelated individuals- were reclassified as pathogenic. In addition, 13 predicted deleterious variants in other CRC-predisposing genes (MSH3, MUTYH, POLD1, APC, EPCAM, BUB1, FAN1, EXO1 or PSM1) were found in 12 probands. Methylome analysis detected one constitutional MLH1 epimutation in an individual diagnosed with CRC at age 42, but no additional differentially methylated regions were identified in LLS compared to LS patients or healthy individuals. Conclusions: In conclusion, the use of an ad-hoc designed gene panel combined with pathogenicity assessment of variants allows the identification of deleterious MMR mutations as well as new LLS candidate genes. Moreover, constitutional epimutations in non-LS-associated genes are not responsible for the MMR-deficient phenotype observed in LLS patients.

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Comprehensive constitutional genetic and epigenetic characterization of Lynch-like individuals [FFPE]

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Gene Expression Profiling of Mismatch Repair Deficient Intestinal Stem Cells

Project description:We have generated a gene signature of mismatch repair (MMR) deficient intestinal stem cells (ISCs) using whole-genome transcriptomics and proteomics from murine intestinal stem cells and epithelial non-stem cells in a Lynch syndrome mouse model (Msh2-fl/fl;Villin-Cre). Then we have validated this signature in RNA-seq data from LS normal unaffected mucosa (UM), adenomas (AD) and adenomas with high-grade dsyplasia (AD-HGD) and tumors (T). MMR status for LS tumors and adenomas with high-grade dysplasia was categorized as KO, for unaffected mucosa as HET and FAP samples as WT.

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Genomic profiling of colorectal cancer from patients with Lynch syndrome and Familial colorectal cancer type X with comparison to sporadic microsatelite stable and instable colorectal cancer

Project description:Lynch syndrome and Familial colorectal cancer type X (FCCTX) are clinically diagnosed using the same criteria, but genomic differences exist between these two groups and the genomic profiles share similarities with their sporadic counterparts, mismatch repair (MMR) deficient and proficient tumors, respectively. Array-based comparative genomic hybridization was performed on 91 tumors, comprising 23 Lynch syndrome (AH), 23 FCCTX (AA), 23 sporadic MMR deficient (AM) and 22 sporadic MMR proficient tumors, in order to identify differences between Lynch syndrome and FCCTX.

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Identification and Validation of Frameshift Neoantigens for Mismatch-Repair Deficient Lynch Syndrome

Project description:Lynch syndrome (LS) patients develop DNA mismatch repair deficient tumors which generate high loads of neoantigens (neoAgs), thus constituting a well-defined population that can benefit from cancer immune-interception strategies, including neoantigen-based vaccines. Using paired whole-exome sequencing and mRNAseq of colorectal cancers (CRC) (n=13) and pre-cancers (n=61) from our LS patient cohort (N=46), we performed in-silico prediction and immunogenicity ranking of highly recurrent frameshift-neoags, followed by their in-vitro validation. We described the somatic mutation landscape in all cancers and pre-cancers, and showed that mutation burden is positively correlated with neoAgs load. Furthermore, our in-vitro validation showed a 65% validation rate of our top 100 predicted neoags. Consistent with neoAgs burden, our transcriptomic results revealed increased infiltration of CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells in microsatellite unstable samples. Overall, our neoAgs catalog and all other findings, improve our understanding of cancer development in LS and guide us towards the advancement of immunoprevention vaccine strategies.

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Project description:This CYCling Lynch patients for Exercise and Prevention (CYCLE-P) trial was a prospective, non-randomized controlled trial conducted at the Familial High-Risk Gastrointestinal and Cancer Prevention Clinic of The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center. Twenty-one LS participants with a confirmed pathogenic mutation in one of four DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes were enrolled between April 2018 and January 2019. Follow-up was conducted 1-year from the start of the intervention. Statistical analysis by both per-protocol and intention-to-treat was performed from March to May 2021.

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Molecular analysis of cancer genomes in children with Lynch syndrome: exploring causal associations

Project description:Lynch syndrome (LS) predisposes to cancer in adulthood and is caused by heterozygous germline variants in a mismatch repair (MMR) gene. Recent studies show an increased prevalence of LS among children with cancer, suggesting a causal relationship. For LS-spectrum (LSS) cancers, including high-grade gliomas and colorectal cancer, causality has been supported by typical MMR-related tumor characteristics, but for non-LSS cancers, causality is unclear. This dataset contains 5 patients with Lynch Syndrome from the INFORM registry.

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Genomic profiling of colorectal cancer from patients with Lynch syndrome and Familial colorectal cancer type X with comparison to sporadic microsatelite stable and instable colorectal cancer

2012-06-02 | GSE38405 | GEO

Multi-omic colon organoid analysis highlight MSH4 as a marker of Lynch syndrome and microsatellite instability [RNA-sequencing]

Project description:Approximately 15% of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients present with high levels of microsatellite instability (MSI-H), which is driven by defective mismatch repair (dMMR). While about 20% of MSI-H tumors are associated with the hereditary condition, Lynch syndrome (LS), the majority develop through non-hereditary mechanisms. In recent years, the molecular processes underpinning tumor development in LS patients has been debated, with the longstanding view that dMMR is a secondary process in CRC development of LS patients being questioned. Here, we performed the first multi-omic analysis of normal colon organoids developed from LS and healthy patients to address questions regarding the development of dMMR in LS colon epithelial cells from cancer-free individuals.

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